S.  R.  CLARK, 
Colonel  Thirteenth  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry. 


HISTORY  AND  ROSTER 


OF  THE 


FOURTH  AND  FIFTH  INDEPENDENT  BATTALIONS 


AND 


THIRTEENTH  REGIMENT 


Ohio  Cavalry  Volunteers 


THEIR  BATTLES  AND  SKIRMISHES, 

ROSTER  OF  THE  DEAD, 

ETC. 


By  HOWARD  ASTON, 

Orderly  Sergt.  and  First  Lieut.  Co.  F,  isth  O.  C.  Vol. 


COLUMBUS,  OHIO 

PRESS    OF    FRED.   J.   HEER 

IQO2 


EMS 


NOTE 


TO  the  Officers  and  Members  of  the  Thirteenth 
Ohio  Cavalry  Association  :  At  the  meeting  of 
the  association,  held  in  Columbus  September 
5th,  1901,  the  undersigned  was  authorized  to  compile 
and  have  printed  in  proper  form  the  company  and  regi 
mental  rosters  of  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Battalions  and 
Thirteenth  Regiment  Ohio  Cavalry  Volunteers,  to 
gether  with  such  other  matters  of  interest  to  the  sur 
vivors  of  these  organizations  as  might  be  deemed  ad 
visable.  In  pursuance  of  this  authorization  the  follow 
ing  compilation  is  presented.  While  it  has  been  a  duty 
of  love,  it  has  been  one  of  considerable  research  and 
labor,  because  of  the  many  discrepancies  in  the  rec 
ords  and  difficulties  in  obtaining  accurate  data  of  resi 
dences,  deaths,  etc.,  of  our  surviving  members.  With 
its  omissions  and  other  discrepancies,  it  is  presented 
with  the  hope  that  it  may  be  of  interest  and  use  to  the 
living  veterans,  and  a  precious  heirloom  to  their  de 
scendants  and  friends.  Respectfully, 

HOWARD  ASTON, 
ADAM  BRIDGE, 
CHAS.  A.  POLAND, 
Committee. 


M232G99 


In  complying  with  this  request  it  soon  became 
evident  that  a  history  of  this  command,  with  even  very 
limited  details  of  the  campaigns,  battles  and  skirmishes 
in  which  they  were  engaged  would  require  a  much 
larger  volume  than  contemplated,  and  your  committee 
appreciated  the  privilege  of  using  the  diary  of  Captain 
Aston,  presenting  a  most  realistic  account  of  service 
and  incidents.  It  was  not  prepared  as  a  history  of  the 
regiment,  but  for  personal  reference,  and  more  par 
ticularly  of  Company  F,  to  which  he  belonged,  but, 
as  we  were  all  there,  and  the  regimental  history  corre 
sponds,  we  would  acknowledge  our  obligations  to  Cap 
tain  Aston  in  having  made  it  possible  to  present  such 
a  satisfactory  record  and  regret  exceedingly  that  ill 
ness  prevented  him  from  being  with  us  during  the  last 
campaign  from  Dinwiddie  C.  H.,  to  Appomattox,  that 
the  record  might  have  been  complete. 

The  committee  would  call  attention  to  the  valuable 
and  valued  assistance  of  Captain  Aston,  to  whom  the 
Association  owes  a  debt  of  gratitude. 

ADAM  BRIDGE. 
CHAS.  A.  POLAND. 


A  BRIEF  SKETCH  OF  THE  THIRTEENTH 
OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


IN  the  summer  of  1863  two  battalions  of  cavalry 
were  organized  for  six  months'  service,  and 
named  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battal 
ions,  O.  V.  C.  Before  being  fully  organized  several 
companies  of  the  two  battalions  took  part  in  the  "Mor 
gan  raid,"  doing  creditable  service,  for  which  they 
were  highly  commended  by  Governor  Tod.  The 
Fourth  Battalion  operated  about  Cumberland  Gap, 
Kentucky,  having  five  companies.  The  Fifth  Battal 
ion  composed  of  four  companies,  had  headquarters  at 
Flemingsburg,  Kentucky.  Each  did  good  service  in 
the  mountains  of  that  state,  clearing  the  country  of 
guerrillas,  capturing  a  number  of  the  most  noted  lead 
ers  of  several  bands  that  menaced  the  union  people  of 
Eastern  Kentucky.  No  regular  battles  were  fought, 
but  numerous  skirmishes  took  place  during  the  au 
tumn  and  winter  of  '6^64,  in  which  our  forces  gener 
ally  came  out  victorious.  In  January,  1864,  a  number 
of  the  members  of  the  Fourth  and  Fifth  Battalions  re- 
enlisted  for  "three  years  or  during  the  war."  The  first 
week  in  January,  1864,  Lieutenant  S.  R.  Clark,  of 
Company  B,  Fifth  Battalion,  with  his  re-enlisted  men 
marched  to  Covington,  Kentucky,  and  turned  over 
their  horses  and  equipments,  and  proceeded  to  Colum 
bus,  Ohio,  where  Lieutenant  Clark  was  put  in  charge 
of  the  dismounted  cavalry  at  Camp  Chase.  January 
1  2th,  1864,  thirty-three  men  from  Companies  A  and  D 

(5) 


6  History  and  Roster 

left  Flemingsburg  on  their  horses  for  Columbus  via 
Maysville,  Kentucky,  Hillsboro  and  Washington  C.  H., 
Ohio,  arriving  in  Columbus  Sunday  night,  January  15, 
1864,  about  ii  o'clock,  and  by  2  a.  m.  Monday  the 
horses  were  turned  over  to  a  quartermaster  and  the 
men  ordered  to  Camp  Chase,  four  miles  west  of  Colum 
bus,  to  await  furloughs  home  for  recruiting.  Februa 
ry  5,  1864,  the  men  received  pay  and  furloughs  for 
thirty  days  and  dispersed  to  their  homes,  to  return  and 
form  the  neucleus  of  a  new  cavalry  regiment.  The  re 
mainder  of  the  two  battalions  were  mustered  out  at 
Covington,  Ky.,  during  the  latter  part  of  February  and 
first  part  of  March,  and  after  a  short  sojourn  at  home, 
many  of  them  re-enlisted  again,  desiring  to  join  their 
old  comrades,  and  "see  the  scrap  through,"  some  join 
ing  infantry  regiments,  remaining  in  service  until  the 
close  of  the  war. 

March  7,  1864,  the  furloughed  men  began  arriving 
at  Camp  Chase,  also  numerous  recruits  from  different 
sections  of  Ohio.  Companies  were  formed  and  active 
drilling  went  on,  with  guard  duty  and  all  the  usual 
routine  of  camp  life,  and  a  great  deal  of  grumbling  by 
the  recruits  about  the  rations  and  poor  cooking.  There 
was  also  considerable  fighting,  sometimes  assuming 
such  proportions  between  different  commands  that  the 
88th  O.  V.  I.,  called  "feather  beds"  by  the  other  com 
mands,  had  to  be  called  under  arms  to  quell  the  dis 
turbance  ;  then  all  the  others  would  join  together 
against  the  provost  guard  (88th  O.  V.  I.)  and  there 
would  be  fun  for  a  time,  but  the  provost  force  always 
came  out  ahead,  as  they  had  their  bayonets  and  the 
others  had  no  arms. 

By  May  I  the  veterans  and  recruits  had  become  well 
acquainted  with  each  other  and  made  fairly  well  drilled 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.         7 

companies  of  coldiers,  and  from  May  5  to  May  8,  inclu 
sive,  Companies  A,  B,  C,  D,  E,  F,  G  and  H  were  mus 
tered  into  the  United  States  service  as  the  Thirteenth 
Regiment,  Ohio  Cavalry  Volunteers,  to  serve  for  three 
years  or  during  the  war,  Major  John  N.  Cherry  com 
manding.  It  was  said  by  "camp  rumor"  we  were  or 
ganized  for  service  in  Arizona  to  fight  the  Indians.  If 
this  was  true  the  order  was  countermanded,  for  on 
Monday,  May  9,  the  regiment  marched  out  of  Camp 
Chase  to  take  cars  for  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  On 
arrival  at  Columbus  no  cars  were  in  evidence,  so,  after 
waiting  several  hours,  the  command  returned  to  Camp 
Chase,  being  thoroughly  wet  through,  a  cold  rain  hav 
ing  been  falling  all  day. 

Wednesday,  May  n,  1864,  again  received  marching 
orders,  and  the  command  was  off  before  breakfast  for 
Columbus,  in  a  cold  rain,  sleet  and  snow  storm.  Thor 
oughly  wet,  they  boarded  cars  bound  for  Washington, 
D.  C.,  passing  through  Crestline,  Mansfield,  Wooster, 
Canton  and  Alliance,  in  Ohio,  and  reaching  Pittsburg, 
Pa.,  about  3  a.  m.  of  the  I2th,  where  a  good  breakfast 
was  given  them  by  the  citizens'  committee  at  the  City 
Hall.  By  9  a.  m.  the  command  was  off  via  Pennsyl 
vania  Central  R.  R.,  passing  through  a  beautiful  coun 
try  and  magnificent  scenery,  over  the  Allegheny  moun 
tains,  reaching  Baltimore,  Md.,  about  i  p.  m.  May  13. 
Marched  through  the  city  and  took  cars  for  Washing* 
ton,  reaching  there  about  10  p.  m.,  and  went  into  bar 
racks  near  the  B.  &  O.  depot,  and  in  sight  of  the  Capi 
tol  building. 

Sunday,  May  I5th,  the  regiment  left  the  barracks 
and  marched  down  Pennsylvania  avenue,  and  then  to 
"Long  bridge,"  crossing  the  Potomac  river  thereon  and 
seeing  the  "sacred  soil  of  old  Virgnia"  for  the  first 


8  History  and  Roster 

time  and  under  most  adverse  circumstances,  for  the  rain 
poured  down  in  torrents  and  the  regiment  waded  ankle 
deep  in  mud  until  a  field  was  reached  where  it  went 
into  bivouac,  and  a  most  uncomfortable  night  was 
passed  on  the  wet  ground. 

Monday,  May  16,  1864.  The  regiment  received  its 
first  heartache  by  being  required  to  take  Springfield 
rifles  and  infantry  equipments,  when  the  expectancy 
was  horses  and  cavalry  arms,  as  the  boys  had  enlisted 
for  cavalry  service,  but  the  exigencies  of  service  re 
quired  infantry,  and  sixty  days  will  have  to  be  served 
as  such,  "they  say."  Lots  of  growling  and  swearing. 

Tuesday  May  17,  1864.  Received  marching  orders 
with  three  days'  rations  in  haversacks,  and  left  "Camp 
Casey"  for  Belle  Plains,  Va.  All  surplus  clothing  was 
thrown  away,  for  the  boys  seemed  to  realize  that  work 
was  to  begin.  Marched  six  miles  to  Alexandria,  Va. 
They  were  then  given  a  chance  to  look  around  the  old 
town,  most  of  them  going  to  the  hotel  where  Col.  Els- 
worth  was  killed  when  he  "tore  down  the  rag  the  rebels 
had  raised  for  a  secession  flag."  Supper  was  given  the 
regiment  at  the  barracks  in  the  town,  then  went  on 
board  a  steamer  on  the  Potomac  river.  It  was  a  beau 
tiful  moonlight  night.  Mt  Vernon  was  passed,  and 
Fort  Hamilton.  The  river  was  full  of  steamers  and 
sailing  vessels,  and  presented  a  sight  never  to  be  for 
gotten,  flitting  past  in  silence,  as  they  sailed,  or  puffing 
and  steaming  with  great  labor,  as  some  large  side- 
wheeled  steamer  passed  loaded  with  troops  or  stores 
for  the  army. 

Wednesday,  May  18,  1864.  Arrived  at  Belle 
Plains,  Va.,  about  5  p.  m.,  and  at  once  went  ashore  and 
inarched  up  steep  bluffs  to  the  top  and  camped  in  a 
fine  position,  as  far  as  view  was  concerned,  but  not  so 


HOWARD  ASTON, 

Orderly  Sergeant  and  First  lieutenant  Company  F, 
13th  O.  V.  C. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.          9 

pleasant  otherwise,  as  there  was  a  number  of  graves  of 
soldiers  scattered  about,  fresh  made.  At  first  it  was 
rather  gruesome,  but  the  boys  soon  got  used  to  it  and 
paid  no  attention  to  the  many  mounds.  Aquia  creek 
and  the  Potomac  river  were  plainly  in  view  for  several 
miles.  Vessels  were  constantly  passing  up  and  down, 
or  landing  at  the  wharf,  with  long  lines  of  wagon  trains 
heavily  loaded  with  forage  and  supplies  for  the  army 
at  the  front,  and  empty  ones  returning;  scores  of  am 
bulances  loaded  down  with  suffering  heroes,  many  hor 
ribly  mutilated  from  the  heavy  fighting  at  the  front; 
infantry  marching  back  and  forth,  cavalry  and  artil 
lery  pushing  to  the  front ;  a  lot  of  prisoners  under 
guard  awaiting  transportation  north  —  all  combined 
made  a  picture  not  soon  forgotten.  This  was  the  base 
of  supplies  for  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

Thursday,  May  19,  1864.  Received  marching  or 
ders  at  6  a.  m.,  and  after  a  march  of  about  four  miles 
pitched  "pup  tents"  in  an  old  corn  field,  and  the  boys 
soon  had  bowers  of  spruce  to  shade  the  tents,  making 
camp  look  quite  pretty.  Several  night  alarms  occur 
red,  but  no  real  attack  on  the  pickets,  and  four  days 
were  spent  drilling. 

May  24,  1864.  The  regiment  received  marching 
orders  at  5  a.  m.,  but  did  not  get  off  before  2  p.  m.,  the 
regiment  being  assigned  to  a  provisional  brigade  com 
manded  by  General  Abercrombie,  guarding  supply 
train  for  the  front.  Marched  hard  until  dusk,  then 
went  into  bivouac  in  a  corn  field,  a  heavy  rain  and  hail 
storm  in  progress,  the  hail  stones  being  so  large  that 
many  of  the  boys  were  hurt  badly.  The  horses  neighed, 
the  mules  brayed  and  broke  loose,  the  thunders  rolled 
and  lightning  flashed,  and  the  boys  huddled  together 
until  the  worst  was  over,  when  they  hunted  fence  rails 


10  History  and  Roster 

for  fires,  and  with  difficulty  made  coffee,  then  laid  down 
on  the  highest  ground  in  the  mud  and  water. 

Wednesday,  May  25.  Broke  camp  early,  and  after 
a  march  of  about  sixteen  miles  in  wet  clothes,  went  into 
camp  near  Port  Royal,  on  the  Rappahannock  river. 
Out  of  rations.  Still  raining.  Laid  all  day  in  camp 
on  the  26th,  but  at  9  a.  m.,  May  27th,  received  marching 
orders  and  crossed  the  river.  About  4  p.  m.  the  long 
looked  for  rations  came  and  the  boys  let  their  belts  out 
again.  Remained  in  camp  three  days.  Some  of  the 
regiment  got  horses. 

Tuesday,  May  31,  1864.  Broke  camp  at  2  a.  m. 
and  marched  over  seventeen  miles.  Had  a  skirmish 
with  rebel  cavalry.  Captured  one  captain,  who  was 
wounded,  and  killed  one  man.  Going  into  carnp  near 
Bowling  Green,  Va. 

Wednesday,  June  I,  1864.  Started  from  camp 
about  3  a.  m.  Passed  through  a  village  called  Milford 
and  at  dusk  went  into  bivouac,  after  having  made  about 
twenty  miles.  Boys  thoroughly  played  out. 

Thursday,  June  2,  1864.  Broke  camp  at  3  a.  m. 
Marched  hard  all  day  —  very  hot  and  sultry.  Waded 
the  North  Anna  river  about  noon  and  soon  after  it  be 
gan  to  rain,  making  the  marching  very  disagreeable. 

Friday,  June  3,  1864.  Just  as  the  boys  had  their 
tents  put  up  and  good  fires  going  and  coffee  on,  orders 
came  to  strike  tents  with  the  least  possible  noise  and 
form  lines  outside  the  glare  of  the  fires.  This  was 
done  and  the  whole  command  moved  out  in  the  dark 
ness,  rain  and  mud.  It  was  said  the  rebels  were  trying 
to  surround  the  command  and  the  guide  had  led  us  into 
a  trap.  He  was  shot.  The  boys  will  never  forget  that 
night.  The  mud  was  ankle  deep  and  rain  pouring 
steadily  down;  wagons  and  mules  stuck  in  the  mud; 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       11 

teamsters  cursing;  men  playing  out  and  lying  down 
alongside  the  road;  officers  urging  the  men  to  "close 
up,"  and  every  once  in  a  while,  some  boy  going  "ker 
plunk"  into  a  slough  hole,  or  tumbling  into  a  ditch  in 
the  dark.  Then  the  heavy  boming  of  Grant's  artillery 
in  the  front  gave  the  bass  note  to  it  all.  Bivouacked  in 
a  muddy  field  about  daylight ;  started  fires,  made  coffee, 
then  moved  out  and  soon  formed  line  of  battle,  and 
supported  the  pth  Corps  in  its  heavy  fighting  near  Be- 
thesda  Church.  Continuous  fighting  all  day  and  late 
into  the  night.  The  Thirteenth  had  several  wounded, 
but  only  one  killed.  This  is  the  third  day  of  the  battle 
of  Cold  Harbor. 

Saturday,  June  4,  1864.  Considerable  firing  dur 
ing  the  night  and  early  morning.  Regiment  kept  mov 
ing  from  one  position  to  another  and  at  night  lay  in 
line  on  our  arms. 

Sunday,  June  5,  1864.  The  boys  were  awakened 
this  morning  by  the  booming  of  cannon  and  rattling 
of  musketry;  the  regiment  did  not  become  engaged, 
but  supported  others,  and  had  to  stand  a  heavy  artillery 
fire  and  witness  heavy  fighting  in  front  and  to  the  right 
and  left.  Rations  have  been  substantially  out  for  two 
days. 

Monday,  June  6,  1864.  Five  a.  m.,  drew  rations  of 
hard  tack.  Fighting  still  going  on  on  the  left.  Sheri 
dan's  cavalry  corps  is  bivouacked  near  us,  preparing  for 
a  grand  raid,  where  they  know  not. 

Tuesday,  June  7,  1864.  Received  orders  to  move 
and  started  on  the  march  about  5  p.  m.,  making  six 
miles  and  going  into  camp.  Crossed  the  Pamunky 
river  on  a  canvas  pontoon.  The  mounted  men  of  regi 
ment  have  been  dismounted  and  returned  to  the  reg 
iment. 


12  History  and  Roster 

Wednesday,  June  8,  1864.  Broke  camp  at  4  a.  m., 
and  after  a  march  of  about  eight  miles  reached  White 
House  Landing  and  went  into  camp  in  a  woods  full  of 
underbrush.  Here  the  regiment  soon  cleaned  up  a  nice 
camp  and  remained  until  the  fourteenth,  when  it  moved 
inside  of  heavy  earthworks,  formed  in  horseshoe  shape 
around  the  landing  with  both  flanks  protected  by  the 
river.  Within  the  works  on  the  plain  in  rear  were  over 
i  ,000  wagons  rilled  with  supplies  and  ammunition  for 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  this  now  being  the  base  of 
supplies.  The  divisions  of  the  i8th  Corps  of  Butler's 
Army  re-embarked  for  City  Point,  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  holding  the  front  lines,  with  a  great  move 
ment  of  some  kind  on  foot. 

Monday,  June  20,  1864.  The  regiment  has  been 
lying  quietly  in  camp  since  its  arrival  here,  doing  only 
guard  and  picket  duty  and  drilling.  This  morning,  as 
the  boys  were  getting  breakfast,  a  sharp  rattle  of  rifles 
on  the  picket  line  occurred  and  the  bugle  called 
to  arms.  On  looking  over  the  works  saw  the  pickets 
were  coming  back  in  a  hurry,  followed  closely 
by  the  enemy.  Two  sections  of  a  battery  opened  on 
them  with  shell  and  shrapnel,  driving  them  back.  The 
enemy  soon  brought  a  six-gun  battery  into  play,  and 
the  fighting  kept  up  until  about  sundown,  when  Sheri 
dan's  advance  came  in  sight  and  relieved  the  hard- 
pressed  troops.  A  gunboat  came  up  to  support  the 
union  troops,  but  the  banks  of  the  river  were  so  high 
that  the  elevation  of  its  guns  caused  shells  to  fall  within 
union  lines.  Though  this  was  an  all  day  battle  and  very 
spirited,  the  casualties  on  union  side  were  light  on  ac 
count  of  being  well  protected  by  earthworks.  The  next 
day  moved  out  in  line  of  battle,  but  Sheridan's  cavalry 
pushed  forward  and  drove  the  enemy  away.  The  at- 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.        13 

tacking  party  was  Fitzhugh  Lee's  and  Wade  Hamp 
ton's  cavalry.  Our  artillery  blew  up  two  caissons  of  the 
rebel  batteries,  one  the  afternoon  of  the  first  day  and 
the  other  the  following  morning. 

Wednesday,  June  22,  1864.  Were  roused  up  at  4 
a.  m.  and  marched  back  to  camp.  At  9  p.  m.  ordered  to 
be  ready  to  move  with  five  days'  rations,  up.  m.  are 
in  line  waiting  for  wagon  train  to  move  out,  Grant's 
base  of  supplies  to  be  moved  to  James  river,  and  the 
provisional  brigade,  now  commanded  by  General  Getty, 
is  to  guard  one  thousand  or  more  wagons  through. 

Thursday,  June  23,  1864.  We  started  at  2  a.  m. 
with  the  trains,  the  heat  intense  during  day.  Crossed 
the  Chicahominy  river  about  3  p.  m.,  boys  straggling 
badly.  About  4  p.  m.  the  rebels  attacked.  The  negro 
regiment  with  us  charged  and  drove  them  back  and  out 
of  a  line  of  earthworks,  then  Sheridan's  cavalry  came 
up  and  went  forward,  our  regiment  in  line  of  battle  m 
pine  woods,  protecting  the  right  flank. 

Friday,  June  24,  1864.  Moved  out  in  column  about 
9  a.  m.,  after  burying  the  dead.  Greggs'  Division  of 
Cavalry  is  guarding  our  rear,  and  from  the  sound  of 
cannon  and  rattle  of  rifles  and  carbines  must  be  having 
a  rough  time  of  it.  It  is  now  5  p.  m.  and  we  have  been 
marching  hafd  since  morning.  Passed  through  Charles 
City  C.  H.,  and  had  a  slight  skirmish.  Jail  burning, 
having  been  fired  by  the  rebs.  We  are  lying  behind  a 
heavy  line  of  earthworks,  and  in  the  open  fields  about 
half  a  mile  away  is  a  large  body  of  troops  said  to  be 
rebels.  As  they  pass  along  the  sun  glints  on  their 
bayonets,  and  we,  well  we  lay  down  and  go  to  sleep, 
all  thoroughly  tired  out.  Of  course  picket  details  are 
made  and  posted  thickly  in  front. 


14  History  and  Roster 

Saturday,  June  25,  1864.  About  n  o'clock  last 
night  we  were  ordered  to  fall  in  and  we  moved  back 
towards  the  rear,  to  cover  the  retreat  of  the  cavalry 
which  had  been  badly  cut  up  while  defending  the  wagon 
train.  They  held  their  own  bravely,  and  only  fell  back 
after  the  wagons  were  safely  in  our  care.  The  ambu 
lances  were  heavily  laden  with  wounded,  and  men  with 
pine  torches  lit  up  the  way.  We,  with  the  darkey 
troops,  formed  line  and  moved  out  in  the  gloom  of  the 
woods,  and  had  not  got  in  good  position  when  we  were 
attacked.  Our  line  in  the  dark  had  been  formed  in  a 
sort  of  crescent,  with  the  points  outward.  The  rebs 
did  not  perceive  this,  but  it  caused  us  a  loss,  for  the 
darkies  began  firing  into  the  opposite  flank,  thinking 
it  was  the  enemy,  then  the  firing  extended  all  along  the 
line.  The  enemy  fell  back.  We  lost  twelve  and  the 
darkey  regiment  twenty  men.  For  an  hour  or  more  we 
threw  up  breastworks  from  the  logs  anl  limbs  of  trees 
that  we  found  in  abundance.  Left  this  position  before 
daylight,  and  arrived  at  the  earthworks  at  Wilcox 
Landing  on  James  river,  about  I  p.  m.,  having  saved 
our  large  wagon  train.  The  enemy  followed  us  up 
closely,  capturing  a  good  many  of  the  boys  who  had 
"played  out."  The  sun  was  very  hot,  roads  dusty  and 
several  boys  were  sun-struck. 

Monday,  June  27,  1864.  Yesterday  was  spent  in 
cleaning  up,  taking  baths  in  the  James  river  and  writing 
letters  home.  Today  we  crossed  the  river  on  a  pontoon 
bridge  and  are  now  bivouacked  on  the  sandy  beach  of 
this  beautiful  river.  Steamers  and  sail  vessels  are  con 
stantly  passing ;  in  fact,  the  river  is  full  of  them,  loaded 
with  troops  and  supplies  for  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
and  Army  of  the  James.  Many  of  the  boys  are  fishing, 
catching  generally  eels  and  a  few  Potomac  herring. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       15 

Tuesday,  June  28,  1864.  Broke  camp  early  this 
morning  and  after  a  long,  hard  march,  which  continued 
far  into  the  night,  we  camped  at  Prince  George 
C.  H.  The  colored  division  is  camped  near  by,  and  are 
picketing  the  rear  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac. 

Wednesday,  June  29,  1864.  Broke  camp  about  10 
a.  m.,  and  after  a  hot  march  over  dusty  road,  bivouacked 
within  two  miles  of  Petersburg,  Va.  There  is  constant 
firing  in  front,  and  an  occasional  shell  passes  over  our 
heads.  The  army  is  heavily  entrenched,  at  many  points 
being  within  300  yards  of  the  enemy. 

Thursday,  June  30,  1864.  Laying  around  trying  to 
keep  cool.  In  the  afternoon  had  battalion  drill,  and  a 
speech  from  our  new  commander,  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Noah  H.  Hixson,  a  gray-headed  and  bearded  man.  He 
recounted  our  former  deeds,  and  invoked  us  to  con- 
tinue  on  our  good  behavior,  and  to  stand  by  our  old 
flag  till  the  last.  By  the  way,  the  I3th  Ohio  Volunteer 
Cavalry  has  no  flag,  never  having  reached  us,  but  we 
promised  by  cheers  not  to  go  back  on  the  "old  man," 
or  the  Goddess  of  Liberty.  Assigned  to  First  Brigade, 
General  J.  F.  Hartrauft;  Third  Division,  General  O.  B. 
Willcox ;  Ninth  Corps,  General  A.  E.  Burnside. 

July  3,  1864.  Continued  hot  weather,  and  lots  of 
dust.  All  has  been  quiet  for  the  past  three  days,  except 
an  occasional  shell  from  the  rebel  General  Whitworth, 
from  their  Fort  Chesterfield,  across  the  Appomattox 
river,  and  the  pop,  pop,  of  sharp-shooters.  Every  even- 
ing  prayer  meetings  are  held,  and  added  solemnity  is 
given  them  by  the  shriek  of  a  shell  passing  overhead 
and  the  constant  boom  of  cannon.  Many  of  the  boys 
join  heartily  in  the  service  and  good  singing  is  a 
feature. 


16  History  and  Roster 

Monday,  July  4,  1864.  The  usual  conditions  of  the 
past  week  prevail.  Hot  sun,  dust,  cannonading,  sharp 
shooting.  Many  of  the  boys  going  to  hospital  from 
fevers.  More  pleasant  Fourths  have  been  spent  at  home, 
and  yet,  the  boys'  delight,  for  that  day  is  here,  — 
plenty  of  powder  and  shooting. 

Friday,  July  8,  1864.  All  has  been  quiet  except 
cannonading  and  sharp  shooting  since  the  Fourth,  but 
today  there  has  been  heavy  fighting.  The  rebels 
charged  our  works  several  times  and  each  time  were 
repulsed.  Our  loss  not  heavy.  The  earthworks  of 
both  armies  are  practically  unassailable  and  cannot  be 
taken  by  direct  assault.  The  attacking  party  is  almost 
sure  to  fail  with  great  loss.  Everything  seems  parched 
up.  Have  had  no  rain  since  we  left  Hanover  C.  H., 
five  weeks  ago  today.  The  dust  is  ankle  deep,  and  the 
movement  of  troops  on  either  side  is  marked  by  long 
lines  of  dust.  We  have  not  entered  the  rifle-pits  yet, 
but  expect  orders  to  do  so  at  any  time. 

Sunday,  July  10,  1864.  The  ordinary  routine  goes 
on,  with 'perhaps  a  slight  increase  in  the  firing  for  the 
past  three  days.  About  7  p.  m.  received  orders  to  be 
ready  to  move,  which  we  did,  marching  ten  miles  to  our 
left  and  going  into  a  line  of  rifle-pits,  about  200  yards 
from  the  "Johnnies."  Bullets  and  shells  are  passing 
over  us  constantly.  One-half  of  each  company  is  to  be 
on  the  alert  all  the  time,  the  other  half  alternately  in 
the  "bomb  proofs." 

July  10,  1864.  Our  cooks  are  over  a  mile  from 
here,  out  of  range  of  rifle  fire.  They  do  their  cooking 
there,  and  carry  the  results  to  us  in  kettles  and  mess 
pans,  passing  through  "covered  ways"  to  keep  from  be 
ing  hit  by  rebel  sharp  shooters.  Even  as  it  is  men  are 
sometimes  hit  going  back  or  forth,  and  there  is  lots  of 


CAPTAIN  EDWARD  F.  COOPER, 

Company  B,   13th  O.  V.  C. 
Killed  at  Appomattox  C.  H,,  Va.,  April  9,  1865, 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions,       17 

dodging.  The  screaming  of  shells  and  whistling  of 
bullets  is  constant,  and  spat !  spat !  go  the  balls  against 
our  breastworks ;  and  at  night  it  sounds  very  much  like 
an  old-fashioned  wood-chopping.  A  whiskey  ration  is 
issued  to  us  twice  a  day. 

Tuesday,  July  12,  1864.  Considerable  shelling  to 
day,  some  of  the  shells  falling  a  little  too  close  for 
pleasure.  Heavy  cannonading  on  the  right.  A  large 
detail  of  men  went  from  Company  F  to  throw  up 
works  tonight.  We  have  two  thirteen-inch  mortars 
stationed  near  Companies  A  and  F,  in  the  rifle-pit,  and 
they  keep  up  active  practice  on  the  enemy's  lines,  being 
very  accurate  in  their  fire. 

Wednesday,  July  13,  1864.  The  "Johnnies"  have 
been  shelling  us  in  a  lively  way  today,  so  we  have  had 
to  hug  our  works  close.  A  "chuck-a-luck"  game  was 
broken  up  by  a  shell  falling  in  the  midst  of  the  players. 
None  of  them  badly  hurt,  but  it  spoiled  the  game  tem 
porarily.  One  killed  and  two  wounded  today  from 
regiment.  Detail  of  last  night  came  in  this  morning 
thoroughly  tired  out  from  hard  work  on  entrenchments. 

Friday,  July  15,  1864.  Heavy  cannonading  on  the 
right.  Sharp-shooting  brisk.  General  Burnside  dodg 
ing  through  the  entrenchments  today. 

Sunday,  July  17,  1864.  The  daily  routine  con 
tinues,  disturbed  only  by  an  increase  in  shelling  and 
picket  firing.  Last  night  very  sharp.  No  rain  yet. 
Water  scarce  and  bad.  "Graybacks"  very  familiar. 

Monday,  July  18,  1864.  "All  quiet  this  morning!" 
is  the  way  we  put  it,  but  it  means  the  usual  sharp- 
shooting,  shelling  and  dodging,  which  is  kept  up  con 
stantly  day  and  night,  and  the  whizz  of  balls  never 
ceases.  The  regiment  loses  some  men  killed  or 


18  History  and  Roster 

wounded  each  day.  George  Summers,  of  Company  F, 
was  killed  last  night  while  on  fatigue  duty  throwing 
up  a  fort  on  our  left.  We  expected  the  rebels  to  attack 
us  in  force  last  night,  but  we  are  glad  to  say  they  re 
frained. 

Tuesday,  July  19,  1864.  Five  p.  m.  At  last  rain  — • 
a  glorious  rain  —  a  steady  downpour  —  the  first  for 
nearly  seven  weeks.  On  our  right  the  earthworks  are 
washed  away  and  lively  firing  is  taking  p1?.ce  to  keep 
either  side  from  taking  advantage  of  the  break. 

Friday,  July  22,  1864.  The  usual  sharp-shooting 
and  shell  fire  has  been  kept  up  the  past  two  days.  Last 
night  a  heavy  detail  from  the  regiment  went  on  fatigue 
duty,  which  consisted  of  carrying  tree  tops  for  abattis, 
and  placing  them  outside  our  works.  This  being  done 
under  a  constant  fire  from  the  enemy.  Several  of  the 
boys  wounded. 

Monday,  July  25,  1864.  Rained  hard  last  night, 
and  the  boys  in  the  trenches  not  on  duty,  woke  up  to 
find  themselves  laying  in  water  over  an  inch  in  depth. 
They  sat  up  the  remainder  of  the  night  joking  each 
other  on  water  privileges  and  aquatic  sports  —  and  the 
"Johnnies"  have  to  take  it  the  same  as  we  "Yanks." 
The  bullets  keep  up  a  drumming  and  a  humming,  a 
zipping  and  a  whizzing,  and  the  shriek  of  the  "Peters 
burg  Express"  goes  by  with  prompt  regularity,  burst 
ing  well  over  into  Petersburg.  This  is  a  32-pounder 
rifle  gun  on  our  left. 

Tuesday,  July  26,  1864.  We  left  our  old  line  of 
works  and  relieved  the  very  front  line  last  night,  being 
now  not  over  100  yards  from  the  rebel  works,  and  we 
have  to  be  more  on  the  alert  than  bfeore  and  keep  up  a 
constant  fire  upon  them,  which  they  return  with  zest, 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       19 

and  woe  unto  the  one  who  exposes  himself  on  either 
side. 

Thursday,  July  28,  1864.  What  a  blessing  it  is  that 
we  can  adjust  ourselves  to  our  surroundings.  This 
work  is  not  only  killing  by  the  bullets,  but  more  so  by 
disease.  No  wonder ;  the  water  is  bad ;  the  ground  is 
alive  with  vermin;  maggots  washed  down  from  the 
hillsides  abound  in  the  runs  and  springs,  and  our  hard 
tack  contains  the  little  chaps.  Put  a  hard  tack  in  hot 
coffee  and  these  little  scamps  will  crawl  out  with  a 
smile  on  their  faces  as  if  saying  "how-de-do!"  Our 
meat  is  generally  tainted,  if  not  worse,  and  the  cooking 
cannot  be  anything  but  miserable  under  such  a  regime. 
Then  our  appearance  is  dirty  —  graybacks,  ragged 
clothes,  unkempt  hair,  etc.,  etc.,  and  yet  we  are  a  jolly 
set,  and  feel  equal  to  any  emergency. 

Friday,  July  29,  1864.  Captain  Roberts,  of  Com 
pany  F,  arrived  here  today.  Lieutenant  Clayton  G. 
Jewell  has  had  command  of  said  company  since  leaving 
home.  Picket  firing  lively  today.  Have  orders  to  leave 
these  works  tonight,  going  to  the  rear  to  clean  up,  so  it 
is  said.  The  Christian  Commission  have  sent  in  canned 
fruit,  red  herring,  tobacco  and  bandages.  That  does 
not  look  much  like  going  to  the  rear,  unless  these  things 
have  been  delayed  in  delivery.  Red  herring  will  give 
us  a  thirst  for  this  water  we  get.  Our  mail  carrier 
brought  in  a  heavy  mail  for  the  boys  today,  and  we 
have  been  busy  writing  between  shoots. 

Saturday,  July  30,  1864.  We  left  those  works  and 
have  seen  a  small  hell  since !  Nearly  two-thirds  of  the 
regiment  hors  de  combat.  The  writer  is  played  out, 
and  sick  at  heart,  slightly  wounded  three  times,  so  will 
try  and  write  a  description  of  what  he  saw  some  other 
day.  Lieutenants  Jewell  and  Short  killed. 


20  History  and  Roster 

Sunday,  July  31,  1864.  The  enemy  made  no  fur 
ther  demonstration  on  our  lines  last  night,  but  an  inces 
sant  picket  firing  was  kept  up,  and  the  groans  of  the 
wounded  could  be  heard  all  night  long.  Some  attempts 
were  made  during  the  night  to  rescue  those  nearest  our 
lines,  but  little  success  was  made  as  the  fire  was  too 
severe.  From  time  to  time  during  the  day  flags  of 
truce  have  appeared  on  both  sides  and  a  lull  would  take 
place  in  the  firing,  while  negotiations  were  going  on 
relative  to  succoring  our  wounded  and  burying  our 
dead,  but  nothing  came  of  it,  and  the  broiling  sun  has 
enhanced  the  sufferings  of  our  wounded. 

Monday,  August  i,  1864.  This  is  the  third  day 
that  our  dead  and  wounded  have  lain  between  the  lines. 
Very  few  of  the  latter  are  alive,  scores  of  them  having 
died  that  might  have  lived  if  they  could  have  received 
the  proper  care.  About  three  o'clock  p.  m.  the  Confed 
erates  granted  a  truce  to  bury  our  dead  and  relieve 
those  alive.  The  stench  is  horrible.  Four  long 
trenches  were  dug  beween  the  Confederate  lines  and 
ours,  and  the  bodies  of  our  brave  boys  were  thrown  in 
and  covered  up.  They  were  not  recognizable.  The 
members  of  the  I3th  O.  V.  C.  we  could  pick  out  by  their 
cavalry  jackets,  but  had  to  bury  them  without  marking 
their  graves.  Company  F  had  four  killed  and  fourteen 
wounded,  out  of  twenty-eight  who  went  into  the  battle. 
Other  companies  lost  in  like  proportion. 

Friday,  August  5,  1864.  Since  the  burial  of  our 
dead  last  Monday,  nothing  has  occurred  aside  from 
picket  firing,  or  rather  sharpshooting  on  our  front 
from  the  rifle  pits.  It  is  said  that  the  loss  of  the  9th 
corps  in  the  assault  was  8,540,  about  one-third  of 
which  were  colored  troops.  This  afternoon  the  rebels 
tried  to  blow  up  our  lines,  but  failed,  and  the  assault 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       21 

they  made  was  repulsed  with  serious  loss  to  them. 
We  are  now  back  near  our  cook  tents  resting  up,  but 
expecting  orders  to  go  into  the  trenches. 

Saturday,  August  6,  1864.  Ordered  to  move  at 
dusk.  Some  of  the  boys  say  they  won't  take  muskets 
any  more,  but  if  given  cavalry  equipments  they  are 
ready  to  do  their  duty  as  such,  according  to  their 
enlistment.  "Brave  boys  are  they,  who  come  at  their 
country's  call,"  etc. 

Sunday,  August  7,  1864.  Twenty-one  of  com 
pany  F  refused  to  take  arms  last  night,  so  the  bal 
ance —  nine,  a  lieutenant  and  sergeant,  moved  out 
with  the  rest  of  the  regiment  and  went  into  the  rifle 
pits  again.  The  21  were  put  under  arrest  and  are 
now  carrying  logs  in  front  of  brigade  headquarters, 
within  range  of  rebel  shells.  About  2  p.  m.  they 
begged  off,  got  a  little  fatherly  advice  from  General 
Hartrauft  and  have  just  arrived  in  the  pits,  real 
good  boys.  Weather  very  hot.  Continuous  firing 
day  and  night,  and  some  losses  each  day. 

Sunday,  August  21,  1864.  We  remained  in  the 
trenches  until  the  night  of  the  r&th  when  we  moved 
out,  and  about  3  o'clock  a.  m.  of  the  igth,  we  started 
towards  the  left  of  our  lines,  and  about  I  p.  m.  went 
into  line  of  battle  near  "Yellow  House,"  and  the 
fighting  since  has  been  severe  both  day  and  night, 
but  we  have  held  the  Weldon  R.  R.  that  we  started 
out  for;  and  though  the  Johnnies  have  made  twenty- 
two  grand  charges,  we  are  still  here,  and  will  stay. 
The  rain  has  made  the  roads  awful !  Much  of  the 
fighting  was  in  thick  woods,  and  we  never  knew 
which  was  our  front  or  rear  until  attacked,  as  the 
Johnnies  seemed  to  come  from  all  directions.  Losses 
on  both  sides  severe. 


22  History  and  Roster 

Thursday,  August  25.  Last  night  we  went  on 
picket.  Since  my  last  we  have  been  adjusting  our 
lines,  building  breastworks,  and  occasionally  doing  a 
little  shooting.  Heavy  firing  now  going  on  to  our 
left,  and  we  are  ordered  there. 

Friday,  August  26,  1864.  The  heavy  fighting  was 
at  Ream  Station  between  the  2nd  corps,  some  of  our 
cavalry  and  A.  F.  Hill's  rebel  corps.  Our  boys  had 
to  fall  back,  leaving  several  batteries,  the  horses  being 
all  killed.  We  got  out  there  about  sundown  and 
covered  the  retreat.  Are  now  back  in  our  works  and 
keeping  a  sharp  lookout  for  Mr.  Johnny. 

September  i,  1864.  Since  the  26th  ult.  have  been 
building  heavy  breastworks,  cutting  down  trees  in 
front  of  works,  doing  picket  duty,  with  an  occasional 
skirmish  with  the  enemy. 

Wednesday,  September  28,  1864.  Moved  camp  to 
day  about  a  mile  back  from  our  woods,  but  still  within 
shelling  distance.  This  has  been  a  month  of  hard 
work.  What  with  picketing,  throwing  up  works  and 
forts,  building  Grant's  Military  R.  R.,  building  cor 
duroy  roads  for  the  use  of  the  army  wagons  from  City 
Point  to  Yellow  Tavern,  getting  up  at  3  o'clock  every 
morning  and  forming  behind  our  works  and  standing 
there  until  after  daylight,  expecting  the  Johnnies  to 
attack,  dodging  shells  and  wrestling  with  graybacks, 
etc.,  has  used  up  many  a  good  boy;  but  no  general 
attack  has  been  made  on  us,  only  an  occasional  attack 
on  our  picket  line  to  feel  our  strength. 

Thursday,  September  29,  1864.  Broke  camp  and 
moved  to  the  left,  going  into  bivouac  near  Yellow 
House  on  Weldon  R.  R.  Looks  as  if  there  was  to 
be  a  general  advance  by  the  left  flank. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       23 

Friday,  September  30,  1864.  Broke  camp  early  on 
this  bright,  frosty  morning,  and  moved  out  in  line 
of  battle.  After  much  marching  and  countermarch 
ing,  supporting  troops  in  the  advance,  we  moved  up 
to  the  assistance  of  the  5th  corps  on  our  right,  they 
capturing  a  small  fort  and  line  of  rifle  pits.  Then 
we  charged  a  heavy  line  of  works  in  our  front,  going 
forward  under  a  rattling  fire  of  musketry  and  artil 
lery  until  we  reached  the  crest  of  a  hill,  when  we  laid 
down  to  get  our  breath.  For  some  reason  a  gap  was 
left  between  the  2d  brigade  and  our  own,  and  the 
Johnnies  pushed  through  it  sweeping  off  many  pris 
oners  from  said  brigade  and  working  around  to  our 
rear,  when  our  whole  brigade,  to  save  itself,  went 
back  in  a  hurry,  receiving  a  heavy  fire  on  the  flank 
as  well  as  from  the  front.  After  several  rallies  we 
made  a  final  stand,  and  being  re-enforced,  drove  the 
Johnnies  back  to  their  works. 

Saturday,  October  i,  1864.  We  held  the  most 
advanced  position,  keeping  up  a  desultory  fire  until 
after  midnight,  when  we  fell  back  to  a  new  position 
and  threw  up  works.  The  enemy  made  several  at 
tacks  on  those  works,  but  were  finally  repulsed  with 
considerable  loss,  ours  being  but  small,  as  we  were 
well  protected  by  the  breastworks  we  had  thrown  up. 
It  rained  constantly  all  last  night  and  today,  and  we 
are  thoroughly  soaked,  and  besmeared  with  mud  from 
the  clay  in  the  trenches.  Last  night  some  poor 
wounded  fellow  made  a  good  deal  of  noise  between 
our  lines  and  the  enemy's.  Two  of  our  boys  crawled 
out  to  him  and  found  him  to  be  a  Confederate  captain, 
but  whenjOiir  boys  offered  to  carry  him  back  to  oui 
lines,  "he'd  be  d — m — d  if  he  wouldn't  sooner  die 
there."  He  was  left  and  his  own  comrades  got  him 


24  History  and  Roster 

off  before  morning.  In  the  fight  yesterday  company 
F  had  one  killed  and  four  wounded.  Other  companies 
lost  in  the  same  proportion. 

Sunday,  October  2,  1864.  Moved  out  of  our  works 
to  the  left,  and  charged  a  heavy  line  of  works,  but 
the  line  was  only  held  by  skirmishers,  who  fell  back 
quickly  on  another  heavier  line,  which  we  found  too 
much  for  us,  and  we  retired,  moving  off  by  the  right 
flank  and  taking  up  a  position  in  heavy  timber. 

Monday,  October  3,  1864.  Worked  hard  all  night 
felling  trees  and  building  breastworks  by  the  light  of 
blazing  fires.  The  enemy  are  probably  strengthening 
their  lines  as  we  can  see  their  fires  burning  brightly. 
Some  shells  fell  about  us  today  without  much  damage. 
Also  some  picket  firing.  The  last  four  days'  fighting 
we  call  the  battles  of  Pegram  Farm,  and  Poplar  Spring 
Church.  We  now  have  a  splendid  line  of  breastworks 
in  front  of  us,  made  of  fine  logs  from  18  to  20  inches 
thick,  with  earth  six  feet  at  the  top  and  a  good  ditch 
outside.  We  found  most  of  our  dead  of  the  first  two 
days'  fighting  had  been  stripped  of  their  clothing  by 
the  enemy. 

October  7,  1864.  Company  I,  Captain  Wheeler, 
mustered  in.  We  now  have  nine  companies. 

Thursday,  October  27,  1864.  Since  the  3rd  instant 
have  been  "slashing"  timber,  cutting  and  carrying 
"abattis,"  skirmishing  and  strengthening  our  lines, 
building  forts,  having  battalion,  division,  and  company 
drill,  and  any  amount  of  picketing.  One  reconnoisance, 
fighting  thrown  in,  and  a  few  more  of  the  boys  have 
gone  to  their  "long  home."  We  are  up  every  morning 
at  three  o'clock  and  man  the  breastworks  to  guard 
against  a  surprise.  We  now  have  orders  to  be  ready 
to  move  at  a  moment's  notice.  This  will  probably  be 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       25 

interesting,  as  we  never  move  without  "jumping  from 
the  frying-pan  into  the  fire." 

Friday,  October  28,  1864.  Started  at  3  a.  m.  and 
moved  by  division  in  column  to  the  left,  our  objective 
said  to  be  the  South  Side  R.  R.  By  10  a.  m.  we  had 
gone  into  line  of  battle,  skirmishing  heavily  until  about 
3  p.  m.,  when  we  halted  within  three  hundred  yards  of 
a  heavy  line  of  works  held  by  the  enemy,  and  began 
throwing  up  works  ourselves.  Heavy  fighting  well  oft 
to  our  left. 

Saturday,  October  29,  1864.  The  rain  poured 
down  all  night.  At  daylight  received  orders  to  be  ready 
to.  assault  the  rebel  works,  and  were  forming  to  do  so, 
when  the  order  was  countermanded,  it  being  reported 
that  the  2nd  Corps  had  been  badly  handled  during  the 
night.  The  Confederate  works  in  our  front  are  very 
heavy,  and  protected  by  two  lines  of  abattis,  wire,  and 
ditch,  and  we  feel  very  glad  that  we  do  not  have  to  go 
up  against  them.  Soon  after  eight  o'clock  we  began  to 
fall  back,  followed  closely  by  the  enemy;  so  it  was 
skirmish  and  fall  back  all  day,  our  corps  seeming  to 
cover  the  movement,  reaching  our  own  lines  and  old 
camp  about  sunset,  "having  accomplished  all  that  was 
intended,"  so  the  newspapers  will  say. 

Thursday,  November  24,  1864.  Since  the  29th  ult, 
we  have  had  only  picket  fighting,  and  have  done  a  good 
deal  of  hard  work  building  earthworks  and  forts.  Hav 
ing  division,  brigade  and  company  drill,  with  lots  of 
inspections,  and  up  every  morning  at  four  o'clock  and 
man  the  breastworks  to  guard  against  surprises.  This 
is  Thanksgiving  day  but  the  dinner  that  was  expected 
from  the  North  has  not  put  in  an  appearance. 

Saturday,  November  26,  1864.  The  long  looked  for 
dinner  has  come.  The  good  people  of  the  North  have 


26  History  and  Roster 

sent  us  chickens,  turkey,  cakes,  onions,  apples,  pickles 
and  saur  kraut.  They  had  been  put  up  in  good  shape 
but  reached  us  very  mouldy,  but  the  boys  did  not  mind 
that,  they  have  been  eating  hard  tack  and  sow  belly  too 
long  to  mind  a  little  mould  on  such  delicacies  as  came  to 
them.  There  is  many  a  smiling  face  behind  a  turkey 
bone  today. 

Tuesday,  November  2.%  1864.  Moved  from  the  left 
to  the  Appomattox  river  below  Petersburg,  where  we 
are  to  do  picket  duty.  The  Johnnies  are  on  the  oppo 
site  side  within  talking  distance,  but  we  have  agreed 
not  to  fire  on  each  other  as  long  as  no  forward  move 
ment  is  made.  This  will  be  pleasant,  and  we  will  only 
have  to  look  out  for  the  shells  that  keep  passing  over 
head  in  the  duels  of  our  forts  and  theirs. 

Monday,  December  19,  1864.  For  over  two  weeks 
we  have  been  enjoying  the  picketing  of  the  river,  but 
-last  night  were  relieved  and  this  morning  marched 
about  ten  miles  to  "Dismounted  Camp,"  where  we  are 
to  draw  our  horses  and  turn  over  our  infantry  equip 
ments  and  become  cavalrymen  in  deed  as  well  as  name. 
We  are  now  out  of  range  of  both  musketry  and  artil 
lery,  and  it  is  good.  For  the  last  five  months  and  over 
we  have  been  under  fire,  and  the  zip !  zip !  whirr ! 
whirr !  of  bullets  and  shriek  of  shell  has  been  as  famil 
iar  to  our  ears  as  the  ordinary  conversation  of  our 
comrades.  The  peace  and  quiet  almost  seems  oppres 
sive  in  comparison. 

Sunday,  December  25,  1864.  Christmas  day,  and 
out  of  rations.  We  got  our  horses  the  evening  of  the 
nineteenth,  and  since  then  have  been  drilling  and  do 
ing  picket  duty,  in  the  rear.  Most  of  the  boys  busy 
writing  letters,  to  forget  the  goneness  of  their  stomachs. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       27 

Friday,  December  30,  1864.  Had  general  review 
on  our  horses,  making  a  very  creditable  appearance  con 
sidering  we  were  new  to  our  horses  and  equipments. 
There  is  talk  of  our  leaving  this  camp  and  joining 
Greggs'  Cavalry  Division,  which  is  scouting  and  picket- 
ing  south  of  Petersburg.  Weather  pleasant  for  the 
season. 

Monday,  January  2,  1865.  Yesterday  was  a  cold, 
dreary  New  Year.  We  broke  camp  early  and  after  a 
march  of  about  fifteen  miles,  made  camp  in  rear  of  Fort 
Stephenson,  a  large  14  gun  fort  that  protects  the  rear 
lines.  As  soon  as  we  picketed  our  horses  we  began  to 
move  ourselves  to  get  the  pine  trees  down  and  cut  up 
into  slabs  for  "sheds,"  as  it  is  said  we  are  to  go  into 
winter  quarters  here.  Before  night  we  had  about  four 
inches  of  snowfall,  making  work  very  uncomfortable 
and  the  night  without  shelter  unpleasant,  but  this  a.  m. 
the  sun  came  out  and  the  snow  is  rapidly  disappearing. 

February  4,  1865.  Since  my  last  we  have  been 
lying  in  camp,  drilling  and  doing  the  usual  routine  of 
camp  life,  with  now  and  then  a  scouting  party  pushing 
out  until  it  came  in  contact  with  the  enemy,  skirmish 
ing  a  bit  and  losing  a  man  or  two.  Weather  for  the 
most  part  has  been  pleasant.  We  belong  to  the  Third 
Brigade,  Second  Division  (Greggs)  Cavalry  Corps, 
Army  of  Potomac.  Have  orders  to  cook  five  days'  ra 
tions  and  be  ready  to  move  at  a  moment's  notice. 

February  5,  1865.  Broke  camp  about  2  a.  m.  and 
moved  to  the  left  towards  South  Side  R.  R.  On  reach 
ing  Stoney  Creek  we  found  the  enemy  in  position  be 
hind  breastworks.  Our  brigade  charged,  taking  bridge, 
works  and  about  twenty  prisoners.  The  main  body  of 
the  enemy  fell  back,  and  we  moved  off  to  Dinwiddie 
C.  H.,  and  after  passing  beyond  went  into  bivouac  to 


28  History  and  Roster 

feed  our  horses  in  a  pine  woods  in  sight  of  the  Boydton 
Plank  Road.  Before  we  were  ready  to  move  out  a  rebel 
wagon  train  of  thirty  wagons  appeared,  all  uncon 
scious  of  the  "Yank  Cavalry."  Some  of  the  teamsters 
and  guards  were  singing,  others  talking  and  laughing 
when  suddenly  bang!  bang!  went  our  skirmishers  and 
all  was  changed.  We  dashed  down  upon  them,  and 
after  a  slight  resistance,  they  surrendered.  We  scouted 
around  all  day  and  towards  evening  went  into  bivouac 
in  sight  of  the  same  bridge  over  Stoney  Creek  we  had 
charged  this  morning,  but  we  find  the  enemy  in  pos 
session  with  infantry. 

February  6,  1864.  About  one  a.  m.  we  were  or 
dered  to  move  with  the  least  possible  noise,  which  we 
did,  taking  the  back  track  into  the  enemy's  lines  for  two 
or  three  miles  or  more,  then  striking  across  the  country 
until  we  reached  another  road  leading  towards  our 
lines,  on  which  we  moved  until  daylight,  when  we  came 
in  sight  of  a  brigade  of  our  cavalry  and  troops  of  the 
5th  Corps.  Here  we  made  fires  and  warmed  ourselves, 
for  it  was  dreadfully  cold  and  frosty.  We  moved  about 
two  miles  further  and  halted  to  feed  our  horses  and 
make  coffee.  Had  barely  got  coffee  to  boiling  when 
pop !  pop !  was  heard  in  front  and  stw-i-t-ze !  biz !  biz  I 
came  the  bullets.  Our  pickets  were  attacked  and  falling 
back.  We  dropped  the  coffee,  bridled  up,  mounted, 
counted  "fours,"  dismounted,  number  four  taking 
horses  to  the  rear.  While  doing  all  this  several  men 
and  horses  were  hit,  and  the  "Johnnies"  were  pressing 
our  boys  lively.  When  the  2ist  Pennsylvania  Cavalry 
charged  dismounted  and  drove  them  back,  Company  F, 
of  the  1 3th  O.  V.  C,  having  got  into  line  a  little  sooner 
than  the  rest  of  the  regiment,  started  when  they  saw  the 
2  ist  Pennsylvania,  to  follow  them,  Captain  Roberts 


History  and  Roster  29 

leading,  waving  his  sword  and  a  certain  little  Orderly 
Sergeant  doing  likewise.  These  were  quickly  brought 
back  by  a  staff  officer  and  formed  line  with  the  regi 
ment  and  advanced  to  the  brow  of  the  hill  in  front,  and 
held  the  line  until  about  noon,  when  relieved  by  a 
brigade  of  5th  Corps,  when  we  formed  in  their  rear  and 
supported  them.  It  was  a  long,  hard  struggle  until 
night  closed  it,  but  our  forces  held  the  ground.  We  are 
too  close  to  the  enemy  to  build  fires,  so  will  have  to 
shiver  through  the  night  in  our  cavalry  jackets  as  our 
overcoats  are  with  our  horses,  strapped  to  the  saddles. 
Where  our  horses  are  we  do  not  know. 

February  7,  1865.  Spent  a  miserable  night;  cov 
ered  with  sleet  our  clothing  seems  like  a  coat  of  mail, 
and  though  we  would  spoon  up  to  one  another  on  the 
frozen  ground  we  got  no  comfort  out  of  the  manoeuver. 
"Johnnies"  attacked  this  morning  but  we  repulsed 
them.  In  yesterday's  fighting  the  preponderance  of 
wounded  over  killed  was  noticed.  About  noon-day  our 
horses  were  brought  up  and  we  mounted,  moving  out 
towards  our  old  camps  in  a  blinding  storm  of  rain  and 
sleet,  leaving  our  infantry  in  possession  of  the  field  and 
works  that  had  been  thrown  up  during  the  night.  En 
route  we  received  orders  to  push  on  to  Reams  Station 
and  intercept  Fitzhugh  Lee's  cavalry  that  was  said  to 
be  moving  on  our  infantry  camps  that  had  been  vacated 
during  this  movement  temporarily.  After  considerable 
reconnoitering  we  threw  out  our  pickets  and  went  into 
bivouac  at  Reams  Station.  The  sleet  still  falling,  was 
anything  but  pleasant,  but  owing  to  large  fires  we  built 
of  rails  and  brush  we  start  into  the  night  more  comfort 
able  than  last  night.  We  also  have  our  overcoats,  but 
are  short  on  rations,  both  for  ourselves  and  horses.  Yet, 
withal,  the  boys  are  merry  and  jolly,  though  it  does 


30  History  and  Roster 

take  a  good  deal  of  twisting  and  turning  to  get  the 
greatest  benefit  from  the  fires.  Roast  on  one  side, 
freeze  on  the  other,  is  the  rule. 

February  8,  1865.  Our  movements  this  morning 
only  developed  small  scouting  parties  of  the  enemy, 
and  after  a  cold  ride  of  about  seven  miles  we  reached 
our  old  camp  pretty  well  used  up  from  exposure  and 
loss  of  sleep.  The  losses  in  the  regiment  light.  A 
portion  of  the  regiment  was  not  with  us,  but  was  en 
gaged  on  picket  duty  in  the  rear  of  the  army,  a  very 
arduous  work,  by  the  way,  with  frequent  attacks  from 
roving  bodies  of  enemy's  cavalry. 

From  the  above  date  up  to  March  25th  the  regi 
ment  remained  in  camp,  drilling  and  getting  in  shape 
for  the  spring  campaign,  taking  regular  turns  with 
other  regiments  of  the  brigade  in  picketing  and  scout 
ing. 

On  March  23rd  Company  K,  Captain  Petard,  was 
mustered  in.  Now  have  ten  companies. 

On  the  morning  of  March  25,  1865,  a  terrible  racket 
was  heard  in  the  direction  of  Petersburg.  It  proved  to 
be  an  assault  by  the  enemy,  commanded  by  General  J. 
B.  Gordon.  Our  troops  were  surprised  and  lines 
broken,  and  Fort  Steadman  fell  into  the  hands  of  the 
enemy;  but  by  noon  we  had  recaptured  it  and  nearly 
4,000  of  the  enemy.  Our  regiment  was  hurried  down 
to  the  rear  of  the  Qth  Corps  lines,  dismounted  and 
moved  up  in  support  of  the  infantry,  where  we  lay  un 
der  an  artillery  fire  for  some  time,  but  did  not  get  close 
enough  to  use  our  Carbines.  Towards  night  we  moved 
back  to  our  old  camp. 

On  March  28,  1865,  the  regiment  under  command 
of  Colonel  S.  R.  Clark  was  ordered  to  report  to  Gen 
eral  Sheridan  and  took  part  in  the  rout  and  destruc- 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       31 

tion  of  Lee's  army,  fighting  almost  constantly  for  ten 
days,  taking  active  part  in  the  battles  of  Dinwiddie 
C.  H.,  Five  Forks,  Amelia  C.  H.,  Jetersville  ,Sailor 
Creek,  Farmville,  and  Appomattox  C.  H.  At  Jeters 
ville  the  regiment  made  a  mounted  charge,  in  which 
Sergeant  James  K.  Piersol  of  company  F  captured  the 
colors  of  the  2d  Alabama  cavalry.  Besides  the  above 
named  battles  there  was  constant  skirmishing  and 
assaults  on  the  guards  of  wagon  trains,  in  which  we 
captured  and  burned  many  wagons,  took  prisoners,  and 
lost  some  of  our  own  men.  At  both  Dinwiddie  C.  H. 
and  Sailor  Creek  the  fighting  was  fierce  and  long  sus 
tained,  the  regiment  losing  heavily,  among  the  killed 
being  Captain  Metcalf  of  company  H. 

On  the  night  of  the  8th  the  regiment  went  on 
picket  to  the  left  of  Appomattox  C.  H.  and  sat  in  their 
saddles  the  whole  night  through,  with  carbines  ad 
vanced,  expecting  the  enemy  to  attempt  to  break 
through  at  any  time.  About  daylight  the  Johnnies 
came  down  on  us  like  a  whirlwind.  We  fought  stub 
bornly,  but  finally  had  to  fall  back  to  the  edge  of  a 
wood,  where  we  re-formed  and  in  a  short  time  our 
infantry  supports  came  up  and  we  moved  off  to  the 
left,  and  as  the  advance  began  a  flag  of  truce  was 
displayed  from  the  enemy's  lines.  This  was  about  10 
o'clock,  Sunday,  April  9,  1865,  and  ended  the  fighting 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  Army  of  Northern 
Virginia  that  had  been  struggling  for  four  long  years 
with  each  other. 

The  I3th  O.  V.  C.  lost  a  number  of  men  on  this 
last  day,  among  them  Captain  Ed.  Cooper,  who  was 
the  last  officer  to  be  killed  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
he  falling  just  before  the  flag  of  truce  appeared.  But 
before  he  expired  he  learned  of  the  surrender  of  Lee. 


32  History  and  Roster 

April  14.  We  march  back  to  Nottoway  C.  H.  and 
bivouacked  there,  and  on  the  I5th,  in  the  afternoon, 
heard  of  the  death  of  President  Lincoln,  which  caused 
great  gloom  in  camp. 

After  leaving  Nottoway  C.  H.  we  moved  back  to 
Petersburg  and  occupied  an  old  camp  of  the  Con 
federates  near  the  waterworks. 

On  the  24th  of  April  we  broke  camp  and  moved 
out  the  Boydton  plank  road,  along  with  the  rest  of 
Sheridan's  cavalry,  and  the  5th,  6th  and  2nd  corps  of 
infantry,  enroute  to  help  Sherman  out  with  Johnston, 
in  North  Carolina.  After  five  days  of  riding  we 
crossed  the  Dan  river  and  went  into  bivouac  in  a  grove 
of  nice  pine  trees,  about  sundown  of  the  28th  of  April, 
and  were  told  to  get  ready  for  battle  on  the  morrow, 
as  it  was  expected  we  would  strike  Johnston's  outposts 
during  the  day.  The  boys  were  very  much  fatigued 
from  the  active  campaigns  of  the  month,  but  considered 
the  war  about  over,  and  were  jolly. 

April  29,  1865.  Yesterday  evening  a  courier  came 
through  from  General  Sherman,  announcing  the  sur 
render  of  General  Johnston's  army.  This  morning  we 
started  back  for  Petersburg,  crossing  the  Dan  and 
Roanoke  rivers  on  canvas  pontoons,  the  latter  during 
a  heavy  thunder  storm  accompanied  by  rain  and  hail, 
and  we  are  now  bivouacked  in  a  pine  wood  trying  to 
dry  out. 

On  May  3,  1865,  we  reached  Petersburg  and  were 
reviewed  by  General  Sheridan  as  we  passed  down  the 
principal  street  of  the  city,  thence  crossing  the  Appo- 
mattox  river  and  going  into  camp  on  the  Richmond 
road. 


CAPTAIN  FREDERICK  C.  DIETZ, 
Regimental  Quartermaster. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       33 

May  10,  1865.  The  ist  and  3rd  divisions  of  cav 
alry  have  left  for  Washington,  D.  C.  It  is  said  we  are 
to  go  to  Texas. 

May  15.  Had  general  inspection.  Continue  to 
drill  daily  which  the  boys  don't  like,  as  the  war  is  over. 

May  21.  Sherman's  army  has  been  passing  by  for 
several  days,  enroute  for  Washington.  We  are  or 
dered  to  Amelia  C.  H.  to  do  provost  duty.  Here  the 
regiment  was  separated  the  next  day,  part  going  to 
Powhattan  C.  H.,  and  another  part  to  Chesterfield 
C.  H.,  and  a  detail  from  Companies  A  and  F  to 
Weldon,  N.  C.  The  headquarters  of  the  regiment  are 
to  remain  at  Amelia  C.  H.  which  is  a  village  of  about 
twenty  houses,  a  court  house  and  jail.  Colonel  S.  R. 
Clark  has  command  as  provost  marshall  of  the  dis 
trict,  and  has  sent  out  details  to  bury  the  dead  left 
unburied  from  the  battles  of  April  by  order  of  General 
Grant. 

July  4,  1865.  Since  the  23d  of  May  we  have  been 
going  through  the  usual  routine  of  soldier's  life  in 
camp,  with  all  sorts  of  rumors  of  going  to  this  place 
and  that  place.  We  have  also  had  two  new  companies 
added  to  the  regiment,  companies  L  and  M,  making 
twelve  in  all.  They  were  mustered  in  the  latter  part 
of  May.  The  muster  rolls  of  the  dismounted  men 
have  been  made  out  several  days,  and  today  a  muster 
ing  officer  arrived  and  mustered  out  all  the  dismounted 
men,  and  they  go  to  Columbus,  Ohio,  for  pay  and  final 
discharge.  This  takes  nearly  half  of  the  regiment 
home.  The  rest  of  the  regiment  to  remain  indefinitely. 

August  10,  1865.  We  hear  that  the  dismounted 
men  were  finally  discharged  at  Columbus  July  18,  1865, 

3 


34  History  and  Roster 

and  today  the  remainder  of  the  regiment  was  mustered 
out  and  ordered  to  Columbus. 

August  1 8,  1865.  Paid  off  and  discharged.  All 
feeling  that  a  duty  has  been  well  performed,  and  that 
the  service  of  the  Thirteenth  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry 
has  been  a  creditable  service.  The  loss  of  the  regiment 
from  May  4,  1864,  to  April  9,  1865,  inclusive  —  being 
the  fighting  days  of  the  regiment  —  is  sixty-eight 
killed,  two  hundred  and  eighty-three  '28*0  wounded 
and  ninety-one  missing  and  captured ;  441  in  all.  The 
deaths  by  disease  have  also  been  heavy. 

HOWARD  ASTON, 

Orderly  Sergt.  and  1st  Lieut.  Co.  F,  ijth  O.  V.  C. 

Also  of  Co.  E.,  97th  O.  V.  I. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       35 


ENGAGEMENTS  IN  WHICH  THE  J3th  REGIMENT, 
(X  V.  C,  TOOK  PART. 


Name  of  Place. 


Date. 


Hanover  C.  H.,  Va 

Cold  Harbor,  Va    

White  House  Landing,  Va . . 

Ohicahominy,  Va 

Bottom  Bridge   

Charles  City  C.  H  

Siege  of  Petersburg,  Va 


Assault  on  Petersburg, 

Fight" 

Weldon  R.  R 

Ream  Station 

Poplar  Grove  Church  . 
Pegram  Farm 


'Center 


Boydton  Plank  Road 

Hatcher's  Run  and  Stony  Creek 

Hatcher's  Run 

Fort  Steadman 

Dinwiddie  C.  H 

Five  Forks .    

Amelia  C.  H 

Jetersville 

Sailor  Creek 

High  Bridge 

Farmuille 

Appomattox  C.  H 


June  2,  1864. 
3, 
19, 
23, 
24, 
24, 

From  June  28  to  August 
18,  1864. 

July  30,  1864. 

August  19,  20  and  21, 1864. 

August  25,  1864. 

Sept.  30,  (A.  M.,)  1864. 

Sept.  39  (P.  M  ,)  and  Oct. 

1, 1864. 

October  27,  1864. 
December  1,  1864. 
February  5,  6  and  7,  1865. 
March  25,  1865. 
31, 


April 


36 


History  and  Roster 


THIRTEENTH   REGIMENT   OHIO 
VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


FIELD  AND  STAFF. 

Mustered  in  May  6,  1864,  at  Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by  A.  F. 
Bond,  Captain  U.  S.  A.,  Mustering  Officer.  Mustered  out 
August  10,  1865,  at  Petersburg,  Va.,  by  L.  H.  Bowen,  First 
Lieutenant  and  Acting  Commissary  of  Musters. 

COLONEL. 
Stephen  R.  Clark. 

LIEUTENANT   COLONELS. 

Noah  H.  Hixon. 
Stephen  R.   Clark. 
Richard  H.  Wheeler 

MAJORS. 

John  N.  Cherry, 
Francis  C.  Russell 
William  Jarvis. 
Stephen  R.   Clark. 

SURGEONS. 

William  H.  Park, 
Nathan  S.  Richardson. 

ASS'T  SURGEONS. 

Robert  C.  Downey 
William  J.  Wilson, 
H.  W.  Carpenter. 

ADJUTANT. 

Hiram  G.  Brown. 
R.   Q.    MS. 

James  S.  Totten 
Fred'k  C.  Dietz. 


SERGEANT    MAJORS. 

Christopher  Figle, 
Prettyman  King 
Joseph  C.  Bender. 

Q.  M.  s. 

Lorenzo  C.  Downing, 
Charles  A.  Boak. 

COM.     SERGT. 

George  S.  Hill. 

HOSPITAL    STEWARD. 

John  T.  Chalmers. 

CHIEF  BUGLLERS. 

Daniel  O'Neal, 
Freeman  Hooper. 

CHIEF    FAR. 

Nicholas  Bellew. 

SAD.      SERGT. 

John  Gausman. 

VET.   SURGEON. 

Henry  Auerbach. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       37 


COMPANY  A. 


CAPTAINS. 

Francis  C.  Russell, 
Jos.  H.  Kirkhart. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANT. 

Fred.  C.  Dietz. 

*    SECOND  LIEUTENANT. 

Charles    Parker 
Robert  B.  Dailey. 

FIRST    SERGEANTS. 

Joseph  B.  Strahl, 
Russell  H.  True 
Henry  Stauferman. 

Q.  M.  s. 

Frank  Lancaster. 
Joseph  H.  Miller. 

SERGEANTS. 

Martin    Hare 
Seymour  G.  Hunt, 
Enos  D.  Hardin 
James  L.  Huff 
Mordica  Lancaster 
John  Shank, 
James  F.  Brackin, 
Christian  Geil, 
William  L.  Stouch. 

CORPORAL. 

James  E.  Ward, 
Horace  Hopkins, 
Erastus  McNeal, 
James  W.  Slider, 
Andrew  S.  Craig, 
John  M.  Lisle, 
George  Modern, 
John  Lother. 

BUGLER. 

Thomas   Brown. 

FARRIERS. 

Nicholas   Bellew, 
John  W.  Grinstead. 


SADDLER. 

William  Chapman. 
PRIVATES. 

Anderholt,  Jos., 
Baker,  David, 
Balis,  John, 
Banks,  Stephen  S., 
Barnes,  Edw.,  L., 
Barrett,  Alexander, 
Basore,  Charles  F., 
Blessing,  Samuel, 
Booher,  August, 
Brick,  David  N., 
Bridge,  Adam, 
Brown,  Henry  C., 
Brown,  Henry  C., 
Brown,  John, 
Brown,  John, 
Brown,  James, 
Brown,  James, 
Bryant,  John, 
Bushnell,  Samuel, 
Cameron,  Jos., 
Cassell,  Caleb  P., 
Caton,  Paul  D., 
Cedden,  James  F., 
Chamberlain,  Samuel, 
Chorpenning,  Frank  G., 
Clement,    Michael, 
Cook,  John, 
Cook,  William, 
Cook,  Wm.. 
Cotton,  William. 
Crane,   John, 
Crager,  Wm.  H., 
Curry,  Warren  J., 
Denner,  Leonard, 
Delano,  David, 
Demest,  Samuel  E., 
Dewan,  James, 
Dodd,  David  T., 
Dodd,  Henry. 
Doty,  Willace, 
Duncan,  Timmons, 
Dunkel,  Isaac  A., 
Dunning,  Jos., 
Echard,  Lewis, 
Farley  Pat'k, 


38 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY   A  — Concluded. 


Fist,  Henry  S. 
Frank,  John, 
Garrett,  John, 
Griffith,  Major  R., 
Hamilton,  Milton  J., 
Hammil,   Alfred, 
Hamson,  Henry, 
Hardner,  Leon, 
Harrison,  Henry, 
Hathaway.  Chas.  T., 
Hendrickson,  Richard, 
Hildebrand,   Henry, 
Hildebrand,  John  W., 
Hinkley,  Charles, 
Hizer,  Henry, 
Hoffman,   Henry, 
Holland,   John, 
Honey,  John, 
Hovey,  Franklin, 
Huth,  Jos., 
Jackson,  John, 
Jackson,  Zaninglius, 
Johnson,  Jacob, 
Kahel,  Jos.  J., 
Kline,  Leonard, 
Louise,  Herbert, 
McKeller,  Eller, 
Martin,  August, 
Marquart,  Geo., 
Meden,  John, 
Megerth,  John  H., 
Megerth,  Richard, 


Meyers,  Henry, 
Mulford,  Chas.  W., 
Musgrave,  James, 
Palmer,  Peter  A., 
Pastor,  John, 
Pess,  John, 
Pond,  James  H., 
Resner,   Peter, 
Ricklet,  John  J., 
Roach,  Levi, 
Rodd,  Samuel  S., 
Rogers,   Hiram, 
Ross,  James, 
Russell,  Granville, 
Russell,  Michael, 
Shelly,  Julius, 
Short,  John, 
Snider,  Henry, 
Stiner,  Geo., 
Stone,  Wm.  H., 
Strickland,  Henry  G., 
Teichman,  Herman, 
Tounley,  Eugene  G., 
Welch,  Charles  A., 
Wertz,  Geo., 
West,  Jos., 
Wethebv,  Philip, 
Wilson,  Hiram  T., 
Wilson,  Hugh, 
Winer,  James  S., 
Young,  Peter, 


COMPANY  B. 


CAPTAINS. 


Stephen  R.  Clark, 
Benjamin  F.  Kling. 

FIRST   LIEUTENANTS. 

Edward  F.  Cooper, 
Charles  T.  Young, 
James  K.  Piersol. 

SECOND   LIEUTENANTS. 

Clement  L.  Park, 
Richard   Taggart. 


FIRST    SERGEANTS. 

John  A.  Bogan, 
Henry  J.  Van  Orman. 

Q.  M.  s. 
Robert  A.  Smith. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

Nelson  Bradshaw. 

SERGEANTS. 

Elias  Klinefelter, 
Jacob  Seiter, 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       39 


COMPANY  B  —  Continued. 


Sergeants  —  Concluded. 

Peter  Crowall, 
Sam'l  C.  Haverfield, 
Geo.  W.  Woodburn, 
Alfred  Goetchins. 

CORPORAL. 

George  Yeagley, 
Henry  Carpenter, 
Jos.  Schneckerberger, 
Jos.  Walters, 
John  Parrish, 
Calvin   Parrott, 
Amos  Hoss, 
Wilbert  Granger, 
Albert  Claypool, 
Sam'l  McFadden. 

BUGLER. 
Joshua  D.  Breyfogle. 

FARRIERS. 

Richard  L.  Richardson. 

SADDLER. 

Chirstian  Niedhart. 

WAGONER. 

Peter  Joseph. 

PRIVATES. 

Altman,  Chas.  F., 
Altman,  Henry  R., 
Alwood,  Simon, 
Amspoker,  Albert, 
Bayless,  Geo.  B., 
Bolander  Henry  J., 
Bond,  Albert,  " 
Bowers,  George  W., 
Boyer,  James  W., 
Boyd^  Stephen  C, 
Bromison,  Alex., 
Burkhart,  Jacob, 
Burnett,  Wm.  J., 
Cahill,  Geo.  W., 
Canaga,  Orlando,  L., 
Canaga,  Silas  W., 


Cooper,  Chas.  P., 
Cooper,  James  C., 
Crawford,   Elder, 
Cummins,  Wm.  A., 
Deswalt,  John, 
Enterline,  John, 
Fate,  Samuel  B., 
Gatchell,  Aaron  M., 
Geekley,  Jacob, 
Gleason,  Chas.  A., 
Goodlin,  Ambrose  W., 
Goodlin,  Lemuel  J., 
Gray,  Clinton  J., 
Hall,  John  K, 
Hedding,  David, 
Henry,  Jesse, 
Herin,  Philip, 
Hicks,  Eli, 
Hines,  Jos., 
Hood,  Robert, 
Johnson,  Peter  S., 
Jones,  Oliver, 
Kane,  Michael, 
Kelley,  Mahlon,  A., 
King,  Prettyman, 
Kirby.  James  M., 
McDonald,  Alex.  F., 
McDowell,  Mordecai, 
McFadden,  Albert, 
McKelby,  Eli, 
Mansfield,  Wm.  W., 
Miller,  Henry  V., 
Mitchell,  Milton  W., 
Moore,  McClung, 
Munson,  Benj., 
Munson,  Hessell 
Nichols  Chas. 
Nichols  John  W., 
Page,  Geo.  B., 
Pappet,    Richard   N.   W., 
Parish,  Albert, 
Plant,  Stephen, 
Plummer,  Amzi  S., 
Poland,  Andrew  X. 
Rose,  Alonzo, 
Ross,  Aaron  M., 
Robinson.  Andrew  J., 
Shadwich,  Reynolds, 
Shafer,  Albert, 


40 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY 

Shaw,  Chas.  C, 
Shaw,  Win., 
Sheets,  Jonathan, 
Shepherd,  Chas.  E., 
Stinebaugh,  Newton, 
Stone,  Henry, 
Suitor,  Xavier, 
Torrey,  Geo.  W., 
Tuttle,  Zebedee, 
Underbill,  John  W., 
Van  Orman,  Oliver  O., 
Vorhees,  Wm., 
Waers,  Wm.  H., 


B  —  Concluded. 

Waters,  Jerome  B., 

Watts,  Wm., 
Westervelt,  Howard  B. 
Wickliff,  Geo.  H., 
Wilkinson,  Benjamin. 
Wingate,  Wm.  C., 
Withrow,  Thos.  J., 
Wolf,  Wm., 
Wood,  Wm.  J., 
Wooley,  Theodore, 
Worley,  Samuel  A., 
Wooster,  Jas. 


COMPANY  C. 


CAPTAINS 

Joshua  Gore, 
Frank   Wright. 

FIRST   LIEUTENANTS. 

Paul   V.   Petard, 
Arthur  M.  Houghton. 

SECOND    LIEUTENANTS 

Fred'k  C.  Dietz. 

FIRST  SERGEAN; 

John  H.  Clark, 
Cyrus  E.  Hoskins. 

Q.  M.  s. 

John  M.  L.  Gore, 
John  Fletcher. 

SERGEANTS. 

Fairfax  West, 
Samuel  A.  Cree, 
John  Davis, 
Roswell  Raymond, 
Wm.  T.  Spickard, 
Wm.  A.  Bird, 
Josiah  H.  Hoskins. 

CORPORALS. 

Newton  Hamilton, 
John  T.  Chaney, 


James  Hunter, 
Jefferson  Black, 
Jas.  Babb, 
Geo.  Berner, 
Thos.  Butterfield, 
Alonzo  Leedy, 
John  W.  Wilkins, 
Jos.  L.  Pearson. 
Howard  L.  Ross, 

BUGLERS. 

Asa  Grant, 
Frank  Pendry. 

FARRIERS. 

Henry  Babb, 
Wm.  G.  Wright. 

SADDLER. 

Jas.  Wershey. 

WAGONER. 

Frank  Conkle. 

PRIVATES. 

Alden,  Leonard  B., 
Allen,  James, 
Anderson,  Wm., 
Andrews,  Jacob, 
Baker,  Geo., 
Bangs,  Eli  A., 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       41 


COMPANY   C  — Concluded. 


Barr,  Fred'k, 
Barrer,   Peter, 
Beamish,  James.  * 
Been,  Snider. 
Bennet,  John 
Bowen,  Hy.  P., 
Bridgeman,  Fred'k, 
Brown,  Daniel, 
Carrol,  Benton, 
Chalmers,  John  T., 
Chaney,  Samuel  J., 
Clark,  Daniel  W., 
Cook,  Wm., 
Cornelius,  Wm.  F., 
Cotton,  Jos., 
Cree,  Jacob  C., 
Davis,  John, 
Driskill,  Wm., 
East,  James  T., 
Feirstein,  Matthew, 
Felters,  Jacob. 
Fesler,  Mark  D., 
Fogle,  Christopher, 
Friend,  Adams, 
Gier,  Thos., 
Golchlister,  Chas., 
Graham,  James, 
Haltis,  John, 
Hamilton,  Joseph, 
Hauber,  Christian, 
Haefries,  John, 
Hembree,  Lewis, 
Holmes,  Jos., 
Husseman,  Wm., 
Jobson,  Wm., 
Johnson,  Newton, 
Johnson,  Wm.  J., 
Kellis,  Chas., 
Kline,  Henry, 
Lamberts,  Chas.  P., 
Lawler,  Pat'k. 
Logan,  Wm.  W., 
McCartv,  Thos., 
McChale,  Michael, 
McClure,  Warren, 
McDonald,  James, 


McNulty,  John, 
Merryman,  Wm., 
Miller,  Charles, 
Miller,  James, 
Miller,   John, 
Miller,  Wm., 
Monelon,  Chas., 
Morey,  Daniel  BM 
Morgan,  Thos., 
Morris,  John, 
Murphy,  John, 
Nash,  John  W., 
Neifer,  George, 
Newton,  James, 
Nuss,  David  H., 
O'Connor,  Wm., 
Ohl,  John, 
Polchon,  Theodore, 
Porter.  Hv.  D., 
Reed,  Frank, 
Rhomiller,  Adam, 
Rhonimus,  Wm.  D., 
Robinson.  Robert, 
Sadlick,  Frank, 
Sanders,  George, 
Schultz,  John, 
Schwartz,  Wm,, 
Scott,  Ernest, 
Seevers,  David, 
Shue,  Reuben  H., 
Siler,  Christ, 
Spencer,  Nathan  B., 
Stratton,  John, 
Sturgis,  Isaac  H., 
Thompson,  Jas.  W., 
Tigh,  Jas., 
Tritsch,  Jos., 

Vanpelt,  Bartholomew  H., 
Wagoner,    Allison, 
Walkup,  Wm.  W., 
Walter,  Chas., 
Warren,  John  M., 
Watson,  Chas., 
Way,  Francis  E., 
Wilfret,  John, 
Wilson,  Nathan  W. 


42 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY  D. 


CAPTAINS. 


BUGLERS. 


Samuel  Wydman, 
Robert  C.  Campbell. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANTS. 

Isaac  W.  Short, 
Jas.  A.  Childress. 

SECOND   LIEUTENANTS. 

Thos.  P.  Doughty. 

FIRST    SERGEANTS. 

Geo.  B.  Stevenson. 

Q.  M.  S. 

Adolphus  Brehme. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

James  E.  Crist, 
Jos.  J.  Kelpley. 

SERGEANTS. 

Louis  Smith, 
Arthur  Hertsch, 
Martin  Meehan, 
Patr'k  H.  Herley, 
Daniel  R.  Wisel, 
Wm.  McGee, 
John  Gore, 
George  Cotton, 
Amos  D.  Dixon, 
James  Simpson. 

CORPORALS. 

Thos.  Herron, 
Charles  Frank, 
Wm.  H.  Davis, 
James  Gray, 
Chas.  Meyer, 
Samuel  Gustin, 
Thos.    Otto, 
Sebastian  Gimbol, 
Terrence  Garrotty, 
John  D.  Wallis, 
Jefferson  Hale. 


Philetus  Wintersteen, 
John  H.  Oliver. 

FARRIERS. 

James  Farrell, 
Nicholas  Klein. 

SADDLER. 

Marion  Francis. 

PRIVATES. 

Albert,  John  P., 
Algeo,  Wm., 
Askins,   Wm., 
Berkley,  Benj.  F., 
Biner,  Geo., 
Blackburn,  Robert,    , 
Brand,  Philip, 
Brenan,  Thos., 
Byrne,  Thos., 
Coats,   Chas., 
Coats,  Richard, 
Conkle,  Stephen, 
Crain,  Louis, 
Dieffenback,  Fred'k., 
Dresch,  Anthony, 
Edwards,  Moses, 
Faulkner,  Jas.  N., 
Fenner,  Collier 
Ferrand,  Henry, 
Foil,  Alfred, 
Fort,  Frank, 
Frazier,  Jos., 
Frep,  Chas., 
Fromiller,  Philip, 
Garfield,  Wm., 
Geoghegan,  Ambrose, 
Golchlister,    Chas., 
Gordon,  John, 
Gray,  Bushrod, 
Gustin,  John, 
Harwood,  John  C., 
Hayes,  Nicholas, 
Hoover,  Michael, 
Inskeep,  John  C., 
Jackson,  Daniel, 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       43 


COMPANY   D  — Concluded. 


Kalis,  Thos., 
Kerne,  John, 
Kirkendall,  Benj.  G., 
Kirkendall,  Geo.  D., 
Kirkendall,  Wm.  H.  H. 
Kretzer,  Geo.  W., 
Kretzer,  James, 
Leedy,  Levi  B., 
McConnel,  Simpson, 
McCouley    John, 
McDonald,  Wm., 
McMunn,  David  H., 
Maynard,  Sumner  C., 
Morton,  George  W., 
Mowry,  Tony, 
Mulligan,  Thos., 
Northrup,  Chas., 
O'Connor,  Michael, 
O'Neal,  Daniel, 
Parks,  James  W., 
Polchon,  Theodore, 
Reiger,   John, 


Rickerts,  Christian, 
Robins,  James, 
Robinson,  Jas.  H., 
Schenck,  Samuel, 
Scott  Moses, 
Southall,  Alex.  F., 
Stemmler,  John, 
Stone,    Solomon, 
Vincent,  Geo.  M., 
Wadig,  Charles, 
Walker,  Wm.  W., 
Walter,  Lewis, 
Ward,  Charles, 
Welch,  James, 
Whitcomb,  Edw.  E., 
White,  Franklin, 
Wilcox,  Daniel  A., 
Wilson,  James, 
Wilson,  John  M., 
Wilson,  Thomas, 
Wilson,  Wm., 
Wise,  Louis. 


COMPANY  E. 


CAPTAINS. 


Wm.  C.  Taylor, 
David  Thomas. 

FIRST   LIEUTENANTS. 

Fred'k  A.  Waldo. 

SECOND    LIEUTENANTS. 

Jos.  S.  Strahl, 
Jonathan  Wadeley. 

FIRST    SERGEANTS. 

Robert  B.  Daley, 
Thomas  J.  Laws. 

COM.     SERGEANT. 

Jos.  H.  Simpson. 

SERGEANTS. 

David  Smith. 
James  Reed. 


Lorenzo  C.  Downing. 
Marion  Leasure. 
Thos.  C.  Legg. 

CORPORALS. 

Joshua  Moore. 
John  Brady. 
Jos.  T.  Leinelen. 
Michael  Felix. 

BUGLERS. 

Freeman  Hopper. 
John  W.  Morgan. 

FARRIER. 

Sydney  C.  Miller. 

SADDLER. 

John  Hollihan. 

WAGONER. 

Jesse  Benson. 


44 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY    E  — Continued. 


PRIVATES. 

Adams,  Albert. 
Adams,  James. 
Andrews,  Jos. 
Arnold,  Henry  M. 
Ashton,  James. 
Baash,  Barnhart. 
Bachter,  Daniel  W. 
Baldwin,  John  S. 
Barnhart,  Wm. 
Beatty,  James. 
Bodine,  Wilson. 
Bonner,  James  A. 
Brady,  James. 
Bright,  Jacob  L. 
Brown,  Geo.  H. 
Brown,  Morris. 
Carney,  John. 
Carr,  Thos. 
Chapman,  James. 
Cobb,  Wm.  R. 
Collison,  James. 
Cook,  Frederick. 
Cooper,  Geo.  W. 
Cowen,  Peter. 
Cullins,  Benj.  F. 
Davis,  Erastus  R. 
Domm,  Frederick  S. 
Donalson,  Thos. 
Fisher,  John  J. 
Freiss,  Chas. 
Gardner,  Chas.  W. 
Garrison,  Eli. 
Gibant,  Jos  A. 
Gillmore    Michael. 
Gore,  John  M.  L. 
Graham,  Geo. 
Graham,  Riley. 
Greer,  Chas. 
Halligan,  James. 
Hammer,  Gordon. 
Hard,  Henry  C. 
Hardy,  James. 
Hart,  Chas. 
Hart,  Michael. 
Henry,  Thos. 
Hoffman,  John. 
Howard,  Geo. 


Howell,  Jos. 
Johnston,  Wm.  H. 
Jones,  Jas.  A. 
Kelley,  John. 
King,  Wesley. 
Kirkendal,  Austin. 
Kiser,  Chas. 
Lanton,  Wm. 
Larmore,  Jos.  D. 
Lee,  Martin. 
Leedom,  James  M. 
Lever,  Cornelius  W. 
Liles,  Robert  F. 
Lloyd,  Edward. 
Longnecker,  Marion. 
Louis,  Joseph. 
McCarty,  Florence. 
McCormick,  James. 
McDonald,  Wm. 
Macken,  B.  W. 
Mayo,  Harrison. 
Meek,  Morganza  M. 
Miksell,  Samuel. 
Nicholes,  Benj. 
Noe,  Bernard. 
Paine,  Allen. 
Penrode,  Geo.  W. 
Phillips,  Nathan. 
Pond,  Wm.  P. 
Porterfield,  Geo.  A. 
Richmond,  Samuel. 
Rister,  John. 
Ryerson,  James. 
Sallen,  Henry. 
Semon,  Thos.  B. 
Simpson,  James. 
Sivers,  Wilson. 
Sloat,  Geo.  A. 
Snitker,  Hy. 
Stillman,  Henry. 
Taylor,  Wm. 
Tharp,  William. 
Thomas,  John. 
Tillon,  James. 
Tom,  W.  F. 
Vanpelt,  Isaac. 
Van  Sides,  Peter. 
Watkins,  Samuel  L. 
Wells,  John. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       45 


COMPANY   E  — Concluded. 


White,  Albert  W. 
Williams,  Alexander. 
Williams,  Samuel. 


Withroe,  Allen. 
Wyatt,  Benjamin. 
Zoller,  John  C. 


COMPANY  F. 


CAPTAIN. 

Thomas  E.  Roberts. 

FIRST   LIEUTENANTS. 

Clayton  G.  Jewell. 
John  B.  Conaway. 
Howard  Ashton. 

SECOND    LIEUTENANT. 

William  A.  Fenner. 

FIRST  SERGEANT. 

William  Hicks. 

Q.  M.  S. 

John  W.  Roberts. 
Oliver  A.  Stine. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

James  F.  Taylor. 

SERGEANTS. 

Charles  A.  Green. 
Hamilton   McFarland. 
John  McGlade. 
James  Gittings. 
Jesse  Waters. 
JamesK.  Pierson. 

CORPORALS. 

George  F.  Smith. 
Alva  James. 
Peter  Bader. 
James  L.  Bell. 
John  H.  Kauffelt. 
Charles  N.  Hafer. 
Isaac  Roshon. 
William  Halfhill. 


BUGLERS. 


James  De  Wees. 
Francis  Cummings. 
Charles  Offord. 

FARRIERS. 

James  H.  Sherman. 
Samuel  Basinger. 

SADDLER. 

George  S  .Warner. 

PRIVATES. 

Antram,  Samuel  E. 
Baily,  William  P. 
Beddinger.  Louis. 
Blenker,  George. 
Bloomfield,  Frank. 
Brereton,  Alexander. 
Broughall,  Walter. 
Brown,  William  F. 
Burley,  William  L. 
Burns,  William  C. 
Caldwell,  Charles. 
Campbell,  Jacob. 
Cavendish,  John. 
Clark,  John  W. 
Clendenen,  Daniel. 
Coke,  William  N. 
Connof,  Micheal. 
Cooley,  Lester. 
Courtney,  William. 
DeWees,  JamesA. 
Dickerson.  Lawson. 
Dickey,  George  S. 
Donley,  Hugh. 
Downham,  Thomas  J. 
Dutoit,  Charles  L. 
Dutoit,  Francis  E. 


46 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY    F  — Concluded. 


Ehrman,  Samuel  F. 
Farris,  Louis  H. 
Fisher,  Frederick. 
Fluke,  Edward  J. 
Fravel,  Samuel  S. 
Gray,  James   S. 
Grieves,  George  S. 
Gunion,  James  H. 
Halfhill,  Reason. 
Harvey,  Marshall. 
Hickey,  Francis  L. 
Horr,  Josiah  T. 
Hunter,  Thomas  W. 
Ingles,    Cornelius. 
Johns,  Adam. 
Karr,  Robert. 
Keys,  James. 
Lee,  William  H. 
Loder,  Thomas. 
Long,  Elias. 
Long,  John. 
Loudenslager,  Philip. 
Loudenslager,  William. 
Lumper,  Christopher. 
McGlade,  William  J. 
McClain,  John  R. 
Martin,  Adam. 
Matthews,  Charles  W. 
Matthews,  James  H. 
Miller,  Henry. 
Miller,  John  H. 
Myers,  Charles. 
Newhouse,  William  H. 


Park,  Clement  T. 
Peck,  John. 

Buigley,  George  W. 
uigley,  Harrison. 
Ratcliff,   William. 
Ritter,  Barnhart. 
Sherwood,  William. 
Shinnick,  Charles  C. 
Siegle,  William. 
Simpson,  William  A. 
Singleton,  William. 
Smith,  Charles  F. 
Smith,  Jacob. 
Sparks,  John  V. 
Stewart,  John. 
Stotts,  Ephriam. 
Stotts,  Stillman. 
Sumners  ,  George  W. 
Tanner,  Albert. 
Tanner,  James. 
Thatcher,  James. 
Toland,  William  E. 
Turner,  George. 
Weatherington,  Wilson  S. 
Whissen,  James  C. 
Williams,  Benoni  A. 
Williams,   Henry. 
Williams,  John. 
Williams,  John  H. 
Wills,  John  H.  _ 
Woodard,  Edwin. 
Woods,  Sylvester. 


COMPANY  G. 

CAPTAINS.  FIRST  SERGEANT. 

William  L.  Clear. 
Q.  M.  s. 
Homer  J.  Lee. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

Theodore  Dunn. 


William  Jarvis. 
Charles  T.  Young. 

FIRST   LIEUTENANTS. 

John  W.  Emmick. 
Clement  T.  Park. 


SECOND    LIEUTENANTS. 

Robert  Montgomery. 
Josiah  E.  Cory. 


SERGEANTS. 

Byron  W.  Ware. 
Newton  B.  Anderson. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.        47 


COMPANY    G  — Continued. 


Mordecai  M.  McDowell. 
George  Bair. 
Oliver  Evans. 

CORPORALS. 

Albert  Zook. 
Sophary  Keller. 
John  D.  Roberts. 
Samuel  Davidson. 
Joseph  H.  Woodruff. 
Francis  D.  Thompson. 
Henry  Sunday. 
Lewis  Logan. 
Elder  Crawford. 

BUGLERS. 

Micheal  D.  Waters. 
George  W.  Cahill. 

FARRIERS. 

Henry  M.  Auerback. 
Asa  Queen. 
Francis  Meir. 

SADDLER. 

Isaac  L.  Moore. 

PRIVATES. 

Anderson,  Enos,  Jr. 
Anderson,  George  A. 
Askins,  William. 
Seller,  Isaiah  V. 
Berringer,  Abraham. 
Blinn,  Charles. 
Bobo,  Lemuel  E. 
Brake,  James. 
Broomb'ack,  William. 
Burbage,  Handy  C 
Burnes,  Martin. 
Burnett.  John. 
Caldwell,  Edward. 
Campbell,  Lewis. 
Cauttle,  William  F. 
Caves,  Wesley. 
Chapin.  Charles. 
Christian,  Henry. 
Corey,  Charles  L. 
Cormick,  James. 


Crawford,  Elder. 
Dixon,  Charles. 
Donohue,  John. 
Down,  James. 
Ecker,  James. 
Fairman,  Abraham  1C 
Fauscett,  John. 
Gabel,  Herman. 
Gay,   Benjamin. 
Green,  John. 
Griffith,  George  A. 
Haffey,  John  E. 
Haynes,  William. 
Hays,  Nicholas. 
Hebron,  Charles  R. 
Herin,  Philip. 
Hixon,  Cassius  C. 
Hotz,  Henry. 
Howard,  William. 
Huges,  John. 
James,  Edward. 
Jones,  Edward  A. 
Karr,  Robert. 
Kind,  William. 
Kilpatrick,  James. 
Krag,  Bartholmew. 
Liday,  William. 
Linn,  John  H. 
Lohman,  Henry. 
Long,  Joseph. 
McCarty,  John. 
McCarty,  Joseph. 
McClellan,  Silas  W. 
Maynard,  Sumner  C. 
Miller,  Adam. 
Mills,  Isaac. 
Moore,  William  M. 
Morgan,  William. 
Morris,  James. 
Morrow,  William  M. 
Mullen,  Bartley. 
Murphy,  John. 
Murrow,  John  A. 
Mushrush,  George. 
Myers,  Frank. 
Myers,  William  W. 
Nedley,  John. 
Neiohardt,    Frederick. 
Neihoff,  Henry. 


48 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY   G— Concluded. 


Otway,  Robert. 
Pelo,  Joseph. 
Plant,  Stephen. 
Powers,  James. 
Pugh,  John  W. 
Putnan,  John  W. 
Resner,  Peter. 
Rodger,  Thomas. 
Rowe,  Samuel. 
Russel,  Martin. 
Ryan,  John. 
Shaffer,  Winchester. 
Smith,  John. 
Springer,  Peter  V. 
Steel,  Albert. 
Stephens,  James  F. 
Stephenson,  Samuel. 
Stine,  Oliver  P. 


Sunday,  John. 
Thompson,  George. 
Thomson,  William  M. 
Tothaker,  Lucian. 
Trobridge,   Cyrenious. 
Turner,  George. 
Vincent,  George  M. 
Wade,  Charles. 
Warren,  Newton. 
Welch,  James. 
Wheeler,  Frank. 
Williams,   Charles  J. 
Williams,  George  E. 
Winship,  John  H. 
Wolf,  Frank. 
Wright,  James. 
Zinkand,  Jacob. 


COMPANY  H. 


CAPTAINS. 


Benjamin  F.  Metcalf. 
William  Mark. 

SECOND    LIEUTENANT. 

Josiah  S.  Dean. 

FIRST    SERGEANTS. 

Prettyman  King. 
Milton  J.  Hamilton. 

Q.  M.  s. 

Joseph  S.  Patterson. 
William  Winters. 

COM.     SERGEANT. 

Joseph  Cline. 

SERGEANTS. 

Thomas  Jones. 
Josiah  V.  Morris. 
John  W.  Crisman. 
Arthur  M.  Houghton. 
Oliver  P.  Mullen. 
William  Berry. 


William  Canny. 
Lucian  Guy. 

CORPORALS. 

William  Jones. 
Joshua  Hardesty. 
George  Crosbis. 
James  W.  McDonald. 
John  W.  Bowen. 
Perry  Whitacre. 
Isadore  Flehler. 
Michael  Clement. 
William  H.  Watkins. 
John  Thompson. 
Uriah  Miesell. 

BUGLERS. 

William  Montgomery. 
Nathaniel  Gwynne. 

FARRIERS. 

Joseph  H.  Porter. 
David  W.  Jones. 

SADDLERS. 

George  Shmidt. 
John  D.  McGeath. 


HON.  ADAM  BRIDGE, 
Company  A,  13th  O.  V.  C. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       49 


COMPANY   H  —  Concluded. 

WAGONER. 

John  S.  Cook. 


PRIVATES. 

Adkinson,  James. 
Barker,  Thomas. 
Bender,  Joseph  G. 
Bowlen,  Millard  F. 
Brown,  Ezekiel  A. 
Broyles,  George  W. 
Buck,  David  W. 
Carter,  John  P. 
Ceigla,  John  P. 
Cochran,  George  M. 
Cook,  William  S. 
Grain,  John. 
Davis,  Henry  J. 
Davis,  Hiram  A. 
Dugent,  William. 
Dunn,  John. 
Enlow,  James. 
Espacher,  Joseph. 
Fanning,  Henry  J. 
Farrel,  James. 
Finnerty,  Thomas. 
Gallagher,  William  B. 

Galler,  Thomas. 

Gardner,   John. 

Geldon,  Micheal. 

Glisner,  Asa. 

Graham,  William. 

Guist,  Isaiah. 

Hawn,  James  W. 

Hoard,  Isaac  C. 

Kean,  John. 

Kester,  Daniel. 

Kilfoil,  Thomas. 

Kime,  Fous. 

McBride,  Edward. 

McGlaughlin,   William  H. 

McKerahan,  Thomas. 


Mays,  John  W. 
Mercer,  James  M. 
Miller,  Stephen  O. 
Miller,  William. 
Murphy,  Thomas. 
Myers,  Micheal. 
Ohl,  John. 
Parrot,  Henry  S. 
Pegram,  John  T. 
Penwell,  George  T. 
Penwell,  Joseph  J. 
Pond,  William. 
Rozelle,  Charles. 
Roush,  John. 
St.  Clair,  David. 
Saucer,  Willis. 
Scott,  Walter  P. 
Shaffer,  John. 
Shanahan,  Michael. 
Shepard,  Benjamin  F. 
Shields,  John. 
Spence,  Robert  F. 
Spence,  Thomas  N. 
Steedman,  Joseph. 
Steward,  Francis  A. 
Stewart,  James. 
Stryker,  Peter. 
Sweare,  Andrew  S. 
Taylor,  Harry. 
Thompson,  George. 
Tremp,  John  D.  A. 
Tritch,  Joseph. 
Van  Renseler,  Fredrick. 
Wallace,  John  M. 
Walter,  Fredrick. 
Wau,  John  E. 
Wharton,  James. 
Whitacre,  Caleb. 
Williams,  James. 
Wilson,  Leslie. 
Wright,  Joseph  K. 


50 


History  and  Roster 


CAPTAIN. 
Richard  H.  Wheeler. 


COMPANY  L 

SADDLER. 

John  Motheringham. 


FIRST    LIEUTENANT. 

N.  Warren  Pulsilfer. 

SECOND    LIEUTENANT. 

Frank  Wright. 

FIRST  SERGEANT. 

John  H.  Gaskill. 

Q.  M.  S. 

Robert  Y.  Mason. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

Robert  T.  Hazard. 

SERGEANTS. 

George  A.  Moody. 
Norman  Jones. 
Meritt  L.  Hodges. 
Thomas  Carson. 
Albert  W.  Sayles. 
William  L.  Dunn. 
George  N.  Anderson. 
Noah  B.  Dennis. 

CORPORALS. 

William  Casey. 
Richard  Harbottle. 
Joseph  B.  Carson. 
Henry  Snyder. 
Jesse  Bronson. 
John  Cheesman. 
William  Bagley. 
Thomas  B.  Whaley. 

BUGLERS. 

Lawrence  Callihan. 
James  B.  Gentry. 
William  J.  Oliver. 
James  Carson. 

FARRIERS. 

Thomas  Carroll. 
William  C.  Waterman. 


WAGONERS. 

Francis  Cook. 
Joseph  W.  Cook. 

PRIVATES. 

Alexander,  William. 
Ashley,  Gerard  W. 
Bard,  Job". 
Barder,  Henry  S. 
Barr,   Stephen. 
Bedgood,  George  W. 
Lehymer,  Nelson. 
Bell,  James  P. 
Bell,  John  W. 
Black,  Leander  W. 
Brannan,  Hubert. 
Buckley,  Michael. 
Butts,  Jdtnes. 
r.heesman,  George  W. 
Clerk   Henry  A. 
Clark,  Thomas  C. 
Colvin,  Charles. 
Cook,  Frr-cLrick. 
Crockett,  Thomas  D. 
DeFord,  William. 
DeLaney,  John. 
Dick,  Philip. 
Dooley,  Richard. 
Dougherty,  Theodore. 
Dunlap,  Andrew  A. 
Early,  Samuel. 
Ellis,  William  F. 
Gardner,  Jackson. 
Gessie,  Charles  A. 
Green,  Isaiah  M. 
Hall,  Henry. 
Harber,  James  S. 
Harvey,  John. 
Hinton,  John. 
Howard,  James  A. 
Howell,  George  W. 
Howell,  James  A. 
Hurtt,  Dallas  L.  R. 
Jacobs,  William  H. 
Jacoby,   Peter. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       51 


COMPANY   I  — Concluded. 


Johnson,  Jesse. 
Jones,  George  E. 
Koch,  Edward. 
Kramige,  Peter. 
Landers,  William. 
Locey,  Abiel. 
McCullough,  Thomas. 
McWilliams,  Daniel. 
Manning,  Samuel. 
Moore,  Benjamin. 
Morril,  Lewis.  * 
Mott,  Alois. 
Mussman,  Henry. 
Mussman,  John  H. 
Newkirk,  George  W. 
Phillips,  John  M. 
Pollard,  William  M. 
Power,  Levi. 
Powers,  Joseph  B. 


Reese,  Thomas  J. 
Reinhold,  George  H. 
Richardson,  Frank  D. 
Robson,  John  K. 
Rodney,  John  H. 
Russel,  William. 
Sanders,  Lucius  F. 
Sarver,    George. 
Shepley,  James  E. 
Smith,  William  H. 
Smith,  William  T. 
Sprague,  Alfred  D. 
Taylor,  Jonathan  S. 
Walker,  George. 
Wayland.  James. 
Wentworth,   Clark. 
Williams,  Enis. 
Williams,  Henry. 
Zeis,  Victor. 


COMPANY  K. 


CAPTAIN. 

Paul  V.  Petard. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANT. 

Joseph  S.  Strahl. 

SECOND    LIEUTENANT. 

Prettyman  King. 

FIRST    SERGEANTS. 

Martin  Hare. 
William  Davis. 

Q.  M.  S. 

Joseph  C.  Bender. 
William  H.  Nelson. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

George  Mcllvain. 
Patrick  J.  Murphy. 


SERGEANTS. 


Albert  Simpson. 
Herman  Wernsing. 
Thomas  H.  Sabine. 
William  T.  Glassford. 
Hugh  McDivitt. 
Thomas  Winston. 
John  Cutler. 

CORPORALS. 

Levi  Carter. 
William  Morris. 
Philip  Welchler. 
Raymont  Hefter. 
Edward  West. 
John  McNulty. 
James  M.  Doughtery. 

BUGLER. 

Philip  Harrier. 

FARRIER. 

William  Rothenbush. 


52 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY 

SADDLERS. 


John  Gausman. 
James  E.  Shipler. 

PRIVATES. 

Adams,  Charles  L. 
Adams,  John. 
Archer,  Charles. 
Baynum,  James  E. 
Bode,  Henry. 
Bonner,  William. 
Boyde,  George  W. 
Brannon,  Timothy. 
Brown,  Levi. 
Brown,  Zoeth. 
Burke,  James. 
Cahoe,  Charles  H. 
Collins,  Amos  M. 
Collins,  George  W. 
Creig,  Edward. 
Crumney,  John. 
Cunningham,  James. 
Davis,  Henry. 
Dixon,  Norman. 
Dixon,  Thomas. 
Doyle,  Torrence. 
Ducheman,  James. 
Englebert,    Joseph. 
Fennel,  William. 
Fletcher,  Thomas. 
Foster,  Charles. 
Graff,  Henry  F. 


K  —  Concluded. 

Green,  George  W. 
Herman,  Stephen. 
Hiesig,  John. 
Hockridge,  John. 
Hutzler,  Antinie. 
Irwin,  Stephen. 
Jackson,  John. 
Johnstone,  William. 
Jordan,  David. 
Kirk,  Charles  L. 
Larkin,  Patrick. 
Lewis,  James. 
Link,  Joseph. 
Marsh,  Matthias. 
Monce,  Isaac. 
Morris,  William. 
Myers,  William. 
Nicholson,  Albert  M. 
Pale,  Max. 
Porter,  James  H. 
Reese,  Thomas  H. 
Rilea,  Thomas  H. 
Shuggett,  John. 
Stanley,  William. 
Stemple,  Julius, 
Story,  Walter. 
Told,  Philip. 
Truitt,  Eli. 
Wagner,  John. 
Wilson,  Francis. 
Wood,  George  H. 
Wright,  George  W. 
Wrieht.  Josiah  S. 


COMPANY  L. 


CAPTAIN. 

Arthur  M.  Houghten. 

FIRST  LIEUTENANT. 

Milton  J.  Hamilton. 

SECOND  LIEUTENANT. 

Josiah  V.  Morris. 

FIRST  SERGEANT. 

George  S.  Hayden. 


Q.  M.  s. 
John  W.  Brownell. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

John  L.  Eblen. 

SERGEANTS. 

Nathan  Wood. 
David  Johnson. 
John  V.  Perrigo. 
Albert  Smith. 
Wesley  Clark. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       53 


COMPANY 

CORPORALS. 

Michael  Gish. 
Joseph  Jacobs. 
Robert  M.  Bruce. 
Milton  St.  John. 
Charles  Snvder. 
Henry  Reisenberg. 
Charles  E.  Harbenson. 
Joseph  Myers. 
John  L.  Park. 

PRIVATES. 

Bechtel,  Daniel  W. 
Bingham,  Thomas. 
Boak,  Charles  A. 
Brawley,  William  R. 
Browning,  Charles  H. 
Brumaugh,  John. 
Cameron,  Thomas  F. 
Campbell,  John. 
Caselow,  Thomas. 
Coon,  John  G. 
Corral,  Edward. 
Devroon,  John. 
Drein,  William. 
Edwards,  Howard  M. 
Fehring,  Henry. 
Fiss,  William. 
Foster,  Charles. 
Gable,  Herman. 
Gallagher,   Samuel. 
Godleman,  Henry. 
Green,  William  H. 
Gridley,  Albert. 
Harras,  Thomas  A. 
Heim,  Jacob. 
Helker,  Jacob. 
Hubert,  Joseph. 
Irwin,  Stephen. 


L  —  Concluded. 
Jones,  John  H. 
Judson,  Francis  H. 
Kleim,  John. 
Klein,  Nicholas. 
Kilburn,  Elijah. 
Landfrit,  George. 
Lever,  Theodore. 
Lochren,  Charles  J.  B. 
McDaniels,  Walter. 
MaHoney,  Patrick. 
Marsh,  Mathias. 
Martin,  Edward. 
Martin,   Mannassa. 
Martin,  William  W. 
Miller,    William   A. 
Misselbaugh,   Ludwig. 
Moore,  William  S. 
Moran,  James  T. 
Mullaly,  Patrick. 
Murray,  John. 
Noult,  Martin. 
O'Rouke.  Thomas. 
Owens,  Edward  F. 
Pell,  Nicholas. 
Quim,  John. 
Redd,  Smith. 
Roark,  George. 
Royse,  Owen  D. 
Schulenberg,  Herman. 
Schwagman,  Herman. 
Short,  James. 
Smith,  John. 
Stewart.  John  C. 
Stone,   George  W. 
Stuffle,  John  R. 
Sullivan,  Cornelius. 
Wacher,  George. 
Wood,  John  W. 
Yates,  Wyatt  O. 


COMPANY  M. 


CAPTAIN. 

Joseph  S.  Strahl. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANT. 

Frank  D.  Richardson. 

SECOND    LIEUTENANT. 

Perry  P.  Maxwell. 


FIRST   SERGEANT. 

Charles  H.  Morris. 

Q.  M.  s. 
Joseph  H.  Taylor. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

John  W.  Snyder. 


54 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY   M  — Concluded. 


SERGEANTS. 

George  A.  Griffith. 
Benjamin  C.  Crawford. 
George  Currier. 
William  Skeen. 
Henry  Roberts. 

CORPORALS. 

William  Schultz. 
Oscar  J.  Booth. 
James  Black. 
Jacob  Cablish. 
William  B.  Libcape. 
James  S.  Sagers. 

PRIVATES. 

Abraham,  Henrick. 
Adams,  Lewis. 
Alderman,  Hartwell  A. 
Auld,  John  H. 
Brown,  Levi. 
Brown,  Michael. 
Burton,  Richard  E. 
Carr,  Thomas  W. 
Cassidy,  John. 
Collin,  Niel  M. 
Cournan,  John. 
Crane,  William  H. 
Craft,  John. 
Curtis,  Alonzo. 
Curtis,  Lucius. 
Dameron,  Eliphus. 
Davidson,  John. 
Davis,  John. 
Davison,  Charles  B. 
Dillen,  James. 
Dinger,  Philip. 
Dolan,  Michael. 
Donohue,  Michael. 
Dowling,  Thomas  E. 
Eastwood.  James  W. 
Evans,  James. 
Fisho,  Alexander. 
Frank,  Andrew. 
Gleshorn,  Henry. 
Gorman,  Henry. 


Groah,  Jacob. 
Hefferman,  Mark. 
Held,  Charles  G. 
Hendrick,  Henry. 
Hill,  George  S. 
Hill,  Jonas  M. 
Keller,  Frank. 
Kemper,  Frank. 
Laughlin,  Thomas. 
Lohman,  Henry. 
McGuire,  John. 
Miller,  John. 
Murphy,  Philip. 
Nehamiah,  Cornelius. 
Nelson,  William. 
Norby,  Peter. 
Olds,  James. 
Olds,  James  L. 
Quinn,  Lewis  W. 
Quinn,  Peter. 
Reiddle,  Max. 
Roth,  Cooney. 
Ryan,  John. 
Sagers,  Philip. 
Saleers,  Thomas. 
Sanborn,  Josiah  F. 
Saul,  Charles. 
Seiler,  Conrad. 
Simmons,  George. 
Slone,  John  M. 
Smith,  Henry. 
Smith,  James. 
Smith,  John. 
Smith,  Patrick. 
Steel,  Samuel. 
Stiles,  Ira  S. 
Stortz,  Marcus. 
Tafe,  Patrick  T. 
Taylor,  Isaac  P. 
Thompson,  Robert  M. 
Tilley,  Joel. 
Tuttle,  John  G. 
Vischer,  August. 
Webb,  Thomas. 
White,  Lewis. 
Wilhelm,   August. 
Williams,  John  W. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       55 


UNASSIGNED  RECRUITS. 


Adams,  John. 
Ashley,  William. 
Ashmore,  Joseph. 
Beaumont,  Charles. 
Bieller,  John  J. 
Bohmiller,  Philip. 
Brady,  William. 
Brown,  John  B. 
Brown,  John  H. 
Buckley,  Henry. 
Burnes,  James. 
Camron,  Thomas. 
Carl,   Patrick. 
Casson,  William  Y. 
Clark,  John. 
Clinton,  John. 
Cole,  George  J. 
Cole,  George  M. 
Conly,  Patrick. 
Conner,  Charles  G. 
Courts,  Newton  L. 
Crawford,  Thomas. 
Crewsaw,  George. 
Cunningham,  James. 
Curtis,  Lucius. 
Daily,  Samuel  H. 
Dalton,  Daniel. 
Darron,  William. 
Davis,  Samuel. 
De  Hass,  Milton. 
Dodd,  Leroy  S. 
Dolan,  Thomas. 
Donovan,  William. 
Donnahoe,  Thomas. 
Edwards,  James. 
Ewing,  John  S. 
Ferguson,  William. 
Finch,   Gustavus  H. 
Fitz    Patrick,   William. 
Foster,  George  W. 
Greenwood,  James. 
Gyson,  John  W. 
Hain,  John  C. 
Hamilton,  John. 
Harding,  John  C. 
Harman,  Webster. 
Hasord,  John. 
Herrington,  Charles. 
Higgins,  Theodore. 


Holden,  John. 
Howard,  Thomas  A. 
Ingersall,  Justin. 
Johnson,  James. 
Karcy,  Pierce. 
Kelley,  Daniel. 
Keller,  Henry. 
Kiley,  Garland. 
King,  Ethan  Allen. 
King,  Fons. 
Koch,  Edward. 
Lansing.  James. 
Leahliterer.  Joseph. 
Lechleitner,  Nicholas. 
Lees,  Victor. 
McCann,  Daniel. 
McCroppin,  Joseph. 
McKee,  Joseph. 
McKennev,  Newton. 
McKinney,  George. 
McLain,  Francis. 
McManawav,  Allen. 
McManus,  William. 
Malone,  Perry. 
Martin,  James  F. 
Martin,  John  F. 
Matthew  son,  Robert. 
Meadows,  John. 
Mertins,  John. 
Miller,  Fredrick. 
Miller,  Samuel  L. 
Miller,  William  A. 
Mills,  Charles  H. 

MUSICIAN. 

Mills,  Isaac. 

PRIVATES. 

Milson,  Thomas  J. 
Monks,  James. 
Monott,  Anton. 
Moody,  George  A. 
Mullen,  John. 
Murphy,  John. 
Nest,  George. 
Niefer,  George. 
Ocelen,  William. 
O'Grady,  Philip. 
Orr,  Joseph  C. 


56 


History  and  Roster 


UNASSIGNED   RECRUITS  —  Concluded. 


Porter,  William. 
Power,  John. 
Quigley,  Michael. 
Reiley,    James. 
Richardson,  Madison. 
Richardson,   William  S. 
Riley,  Louis. 
Roe,  Samuel. 
Ryan,  John. 
St.  Glair,  George  W. 
Schwartz,  Jacob. 
Scratch,  Alfred  A. 
Shaffer,  Henry. 
Shay,  John. 
Shultz,  John. 
Simmons,  Charles  L. 
Sims,  William  B. 
Smith,  Gustavus. 
Smith,  Harvey  A. 
Smith,  John  C. 
Sommers,  Cyrus. 
Sonday,  Henry. 
Stephens,  James  W. 
Stevens,  Thomas. 


Stewart,  John. 
Stewart,  John  C. 
Striegle,  Thomas. 
Tennett,  William. 
Trunnell,  Albert 
Tuttle,  Zebedee. 
Tyson,  John  W. 
Van  Slake,  George. 
Vinton,  Harry. 
Vorys,  Reuben. 
Walker,  Henry. 
Warren,  Newton. 
Watson,  James. 
Weeks,  Oscar. 
Wells,  Thomas. 
Williams,  George  R. 
Willoby,  James. 
Wilson,  James  H. 
Wilson,  Thomas. 
Wilson,  Harvey  C. 
Wilson,  John. 
Wright,  Daniel. 
Wright,  James. 
Zelsliechter,  Charles. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       57 


FOURTH  INDEPENDENT  BATTALION  OHIO 
VOLUNLEER  CAVALRY. 


FIELD  AND  STAFF. 

MAJOR. 

Joseph  T.  Wheeler. 


COMPANY  A. 


CAPTAINS. 


Joseph  T.  Wheeler. 
Joseph  C.  Grannan. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANT.. 

William  C.  Taylor. 

SECOND    LIEUTENANT. 

Isaac  W.  Short. 

FIRST  SERGEANT. 

William  Preston. 

Q.    M.    S. 

Fredrick  Waldo. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

Charles  Parker. 

SERGEANTS. 

Thomas  Donaldson. 
Joseph  L.  Simpson. 
Joseph  A.  Sterrett. 
William  M.  Mullen. 

CORPORALS. 

Josiah  S.  Clark. 
Alonzo  Noble. 
Joseph  Carder. 
Paul  Caton. 
Adam  Bartle. 
John  Reiger. 
Charles  Myers. 
Norwood  Chamberland. 


BUGLERS. 

Frank  Appederis. 
John  Sayers. 
Lewis  Walter. 

FARRIERS. 

Joseph  H.   Porter. 
Robert  Adams. 

SADDLER. 

George  W.  McCoy. 

WAGONER. 

William  Burt. 

PRIVATES. 

Ayers,  William. 
Babbitt,  Thomas  H. 
Bangs,  Eli  A. 
Bardo,  Peter. 
Barron,  George  A. 
Bates,  William  J. 
Benson,  Jesse. 
Berrie,  William. 
Bicklev   William  M. 
Blackburn,  Robert. 
Brown,  George. 
Burnett,  William  R. 
Cook,  Charles  W. 
Coons,  James  F. 
Crawford,  John  . 
Creatares,  Milton. 
Crows,  Orlando. 
Dixon,  Homer. 
Doer,  Herman. 


58 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY  A  — Concluded. 


Domm,  Freeman  S. 
Doughty,  William  L. 
Eckert,  Thomas. 
Forest,  Charles. 
Fort,  Frank. 
Gardiner,  John. 
Geibe,  Charles. 
Graham,  Alfred  H. 
Gray,  John. 
Hard,  Henry. 
Hartsock,  William. 
Hathaway,  John. 
Hauber,  Christian. 
Heath,  Benjamin. 
Hugle,  James. 
Kean,  John. 
Keith,  James  H. 
Laws,  Thomas  J. 
Lentz,  George. 
Lyons,  John. 
Martin,  Jacob. 
Merk,  Andrew. 
Moore,  Isaac  L. 
Mulford,  Charles  C. 
Murphy,  Jeremiah. 
Mvers,  Joseph. 
Neifer,  George. 
Newport  Jerry. 
Noble,  Thomas. 
Noe,  Bernard. 
Otway,  Robert  W. 


Parshall,  William. 
Pfaff,  Charles. 
Pierson,  Joseph. 
Posner,  Henry. 
Raw,  John. 
Reed,  James. 
Reichell,  William. 
Rodgers,  George. 
Schenck,  Samuel. 
Schneider,  Lewis. 
Schwab,  Charles. 
Serger,  Theodore. 
Shaw,  William  H. 
Sherman.  Charles. 
Simpson,  Edward. 
Smith,  Milton  A. 
Smith,  William. 
Speath,  Samuel. 
Stetler,  John. 
Sullivan,  Timothy. 
Thompson,  William  M. 
Thornbery,  Barney. 
Vanweiler,  Jacob. 
Wadig,  Charles. 
Wheeler,  Frank. 
Whitney.  James. 
Wild,  Edward  N. 
Wilder,  Fritz. 
Woodruff,  Newton. 
Zumbush,  Joseph. 


CAPTAIN. 
John  H.  Winder. 


COMPANY  B. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

John  E.  Winder. 


FIRST    LIEUTENANT. 

Thomas  W.  Cook. 

SECOND   LIEUTENANT. 

James  Watters. 

FIRST  SERGEANT. 

James  H.  Brownell. 

Q.  M.  s. 
Samuel  J.  Henderson. 


SERGEANTS. 

Samuel  Johnson. 
John  H.  Bidleman. 
Albert  E.  Boone. 
Gordon  Hammer. 
Benjamin  F.  Arnold. 

CORPORALS. 

William  E.  E.  Kates. 
Charles  C.  Morrison. 
William  Warren. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       59 


COMPANY    B  — Continued. 


Samuel  B.  Williams. 
Samuel  A.  Ambrose. 
Samuel  Wilson,  Jr. 
Alfred  Emmery. 
William  Peters. 
Henry  T,  Swalem. 

BUGLERS. 

Charles  F.  Basore. 
Henry  T.  Patten. 

FARRIERS. 

Jonothan  R.  Crispin. 
Edward  E.  Whitcomb. 

SADDLER. 

Edward  B.  Knapp. 

WAGONERS. 

Frank  Kunkell. 
Samuel  Tobias. 

PRIVATES. 

Ambrose,  James  A. 
Anderson,  Aaron. 
Baker,  Fredrick. 
Ball,  Joseph  S. 
Booher,  William  O. 
Bosteot,  August. 
Brelsford,  Joshua  W. 
Brentwall,  William  J. 
Brosher,  William  N. 
Brown,  John  M. 
Budd,  Peter  R. 
Buringer,  Edward. 
Buringer,  George  W. 
Burns,  Robert. 
Carman,  William  L.  P. 
Carpenter,  Charles  W. 
Collins,  James  A. 
Conover,  Samuel  D. 
Covert,  John,  Jr. 
Cox,  William  T. 
Crisman,  John  W. 
Dear,  Joseph  N. 
Devitt,  John. 
Doughty,  Thomas  P. 


Dunning,  Joseph. 
Edwards,  Mahlon  D. 
Eichelberger,  Benton. 
Eichelberger,  Lewis. 
Emmeluth,  Charles. 
Evans,  Oliver  C. 
Floyd,  Albert  T. 
Fulmer,  Leander  A. 
Gantzs,  William  O. 
Garst,  Agustus. 
Gebhart,  William  H. 
Gregory,  Nehemiah,  Jr. 
Hagler,  John  B. 
Hamill,  William. 
Hasch,  Jacob. 
Heiges,  William  D. 
Herchelrode,  Henry. 
Herrman,  Isaac  J. 
Hughes,   Joseph. 
James,  Alexander. 
Kates,  George  W. 
Kirby,  George  W. 
Larew,  Redford  S. 
Layton,  Oliver. 
Longworth,  Archibald. 
Lydenberg,  Wesley  B. 
McKinney,  George. 
Marshall,  William  R. 
Mathewson,  James. 
Meader,  Benjamin. 
Morgan,  Andrew  P. 
Morris,  Charles  W. 
Pardowner,  John  H. 
Parker,  Edgar  W. 
Patton,  John  B. 
Pease,  Franklin  D. 
Pendry,  Frank  S. 
Powell,  Ira  J. 
Roberts,  Jabez  H. 
Sachs,  William. 
Scull,   Ira  T. 
Snyder,   John  W. 
Steward,  Oliver  P. 
Strife,  George. 
Sullivan,  John  V. 
Thomas,  Alfred  A. 
Toban,  William. 
Fritch,  Joseph. 


60 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY   B  — Concluded. 
Vanamringe,  Benjamin  F.       Wise,  Lewis  W. 


Wight,  Calmes  T. 
Williams,  John  W. 


Wroe,  William. 
Zerman,  Charles  E. 


COMPANY  C 


CAPTAIN. 

Francis  C.  Russell. 


FARRIERS. 


FIRST    LIEUTENANT. 

Paul  V.  Petard. 

SECOND   LIEUTENANT. 

David  Thomas. 

FIRST  SERGEANT. 

Fredrick  Dietz. 

Q.  M.  s. 
Russell  H.  True. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

Josiah  S.  Dean. 

SERGEANTS. 

David  M.  B.  Criss. 
Joseph   S.   Strahl. 
Milton  J.  Hamilton. 
Charles  D.  Russell. 
Joseph  Cline. 

CORPORALS. 

Theodore  F.  Lancaster. 
Alden  Flanders. 
Gabriel  Staneart. 
James  C.  Gray. 
Vance  J.  Cross. 
David  Williams. 
Daniel  E.  Clay. 
Jasper  M.  Whaley. 

BUGLERS. 

Erwin  D.  Hill. 
Benjamin  F.  Sheppard. 


Samuel  S.  Stevens. 
John  S.  Lee. 

SADDLER. 

Octavius  A.  Hamilton. 

WAGONER. 

Jackson  Stanley. 

PRIVATES. 

Aleshire,  \Villiam  A. 
Armstrong,  Henry. 
Atkinson.  Hezekiah. 
Earnhardt,  Jasper. 
Barnhart.  William. 
Bell,  William. 
Blackwell,  Isaac. 
Blackwood,  Marion. 
Blake,  William  H. 
Boye,  August. 
Brake,  Perry  C. 
Calvert,  Pulaski.^ 
Carmichael,  David  L. 
Cassingham,  Oren. 
Cline,  Marion. 
Cottrill,  Henry.. 
Craig,  Andrew. 
Cross,  Lewis. 
Elliott,  John  P. 
Farley,  Jason. 
Gray,  Joseph  P. 
Hall,  David. 
Haning,  Ezra. 
Hayes,  Levi. 
Hoff,  James  L. 
Hovey,  Franklin. 
Hysell,  Perry. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       61 


COMPANY   C  — Concluded. 


Julien,  William. 
Kelly,  Lot  H. 
Kirkman,  William. 
Knorr,  John. 
Lancaster,  Mordica  T. 
Mark,  William. 
Marsh,  John. 
Martin,  Marion. 
Masheter,  James  H. 
Matthews,  James  G. 
Miller,  Stephen  O. 
Monroe,  George  A. 
Morrison,  John  R. 
Myers,  William. 
Nesselroads,  James. 
Miner,  Aaron  F. 
Phetteplace,  Anson. 
Porter,  Hosea. 
Rickey,  Benjamin  F. 
Riggs,  George  W. 
Romine,  Thomas  J. 
Rupe,  James  M. 


Shamel,  Benjamin  F. 
Spencer,  Thomas  N. 
Sprague,  William  B. 
Steelman,   Charles. 
Stewart,  James  E. 
Strickrod,  Paul. 
Vining,  Elijah  F. 
Ward,  Aaron  N. 
Ward,  James  E. 
Ward,  Thomas  S. 
Weeden,  Isaac. 
Weeden,  Winfield. 
Whetstone,  Joseph. 
Wiley,  James  W. 
Wilson,  Austin. 
Wilson,  John  F. 
Wilson,  John  H. 
Wilson,  Oscar. 
Winget,  Harvey. 
Worthen,  Jackson. 
Zollars,  Nathan. 


COMPANY  D. 


CAPTAIN. 


Joshua  Gore. 


FIRST   LIEUTENANTS. 

Samuel  Wydman. 
James  E.  Holbrook. 

SECOND   LIEUTENANT. 

Joseph  F.  Kirkhart. 

FIRST  SERGEANT. 

John  M.  L.  Gore. 

Q.    M.    S. 

Jacob  F.  Wickerham. 

COM.   SERGEANT. 

Peter  F.  loute. 


SERGEANTS. 

Thomas  D.  Herron. 
George  W.  Brown. 
Theodore  Pepple. 
Closson  Newman. 
William  H.  Higgins. 

CORPORALS. 

George  J.  Blake. 
Charles  Platter. 
John  Britton. 
Samuel   Stone. 
John  F.  Brewer. 
Carey  Michael. 
William  M.  R.obinson. 
David  McDaniel. 
Samuel  A.  Cree. 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY  D  — Continued. 


BUGLERS. 

John  Oldaker. 
John  C.  Harwood. 

FARRIERS. 

Samuel  Thompson. 
William  E.  Hughes. 

SADDLER. 

David  H.  McMann. 

WAGONER. 

John  Mohler. 

PRIVATES. 

Acton,  Henry. 
Alexander,  William. 
Ambrose,  James  A. 
Arrasmith,  Charles. 
Arrasmith,  John  W. 
Auld,  John. 
Baker,  Charles  C. 
Barnes,  William. 
Bickham,  George. 
Boerger,  Joseph. 
Bowman,  John  M. 
Brewer,  Elias. 
Brewer,  James. 
Briggs,  Joseph  M. 
Brown,  John  M. 
Brutche,  Edward. 
Bush,  Clemens. 
Bush,  Allen. 
Campbell,  Samuel  P. 
Carey,  Joseph. 
Carpenter,  William  T. 
Cashatt,  William. 
Casper,  Nicholas. 
Clark,  George  M. 
Cling,  Joseph. 
Cluck,  John  W. 
Conkle,  Stephen. 
Crawford,  James. 
Crum,  Jacob  W. 
Devine,  John. 
Dill,  Robert  R. 
Doughty,  Thomas  P. 


Eichelberger,  Benton. 
Fairchild,  Frank. 
Francis,   Marion. 
Haines,  John. 
Hanley,  William. 
Haynes,  Carey  T. 
Higgins,  Stephen  H. 
Hirn,  Francis. 
Holloway,  Jonothan  C. 
Hughes,    Joseph. 
Hugle,  James. 
Ismael,  George. 
Kerr,  Jeremiah. 
King,  Martin  V. 
Kirby,  George  W. 
Lawrence,  Sylvester. 
Leever,  John. 
Lisle,  John  M. 
Longworth,   Archibald. 
Losey,  John. 
Lovens,  John. 
Ludwick,  Jackson. 
Lynn,  Isaac  H. 
McCord,  John  N. 
McGreath,  John  D. 
McNeill,  Arthur  G. 
Michael,  Joseph. 
Miller,  Marcus. 
Miller,  William  G. 
Moss,  William. 
Morris,  Charles  W. 
Murphy,  Oscar  Y. 
Nickerson,    Benjamin. 
Owens,  Isaac  M. 
Pease,  Franklin  D. 
Penwell  Joseph  D., 
Pardowner,  John  H. 
Peters,  William. 
Pommel,   William. 
Ralston,  Milton. 
Reeder  Seneca. 
Reiger,  Jacob. 
Robinson,  Samuel. 
Ruse,  Ezekiel. 
Scull,  Ira  T. 
Smith,  Theodore. 
Steadman,  Joseph. 
Steelman,  Charles. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       63 


COMPANY   D  — Concluded. 


Stevens,  George  W. 
Strauss,  David. 
Stroup,  Michael. 
Sturgis,  William. 
Swalem,  Henry  T. 
Traphagen,  Isaac. 
Walter,  Lewis. 


Welch,  Edward. 
Wilbur,  James  R. 
Williams,  William  W. 
Willis,  William  A. 
Wing,  James  H. 
Wroten,  James  T. 


COMPANY  E. 


CAPTAIN. 

Samuel  Wydman. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANT. 

Andrew  P.  Morgan. 

SECOND   LIEUTENANT. 

Alexander  M.  Guthrie. 

FIRST  SERGEANT. 

Lewis  C.  Miller. 

Q.  M.  s. 
Philip  D.  Howell. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

John  D.  Adamson. 

SERGEANTS. 

Oliver  P.  Mullen. 
Joseph  Haines. 
Abraham  Butler. 
John  Wallace. 
Robert  W.  Dunsmore. 

CORPORALS. 

Henry  J.  Thomas. 
Joseph  Keach. 
Joseph  H.  Woodruff. 
John  Brody. 
James  H.  White. 
Michael  Farley. 
William  J.  B.  Downing. 
Thomas  P.  Foster. 


BUGLERS. 

Henry  M.  O'Brien. 
Jacob  Reiger. 

FARRIERS. 

Abner  W.  Dill. 
Jonathan  Riley. 

SADDLER. 

Lorenzo  C.  Downing. 

WAGONER. 

Frank  Kunkell. 

PRIVATES. 

Anderson,  William. 
Archer,  Harvey. 
Barnhart,  William. 
Bradley,  Carey  B. 
Brawlin,   Prestley  T. 
Brehan,  Adolphus. 
Brutche,  Edward. 
Burbage,  Theodore  C. 
Bush,  Clemens. 
Charpenning,  Frank  G. 
Clark,  James  M. 
Cluck,  John  W. 
Cobb,  William  R. 
Conkle,  Stephen. 
Cook,   Fredrick. 
Cook,  Nelson. 
Cooper,  George  W. 
Cree,  Samuel  A. 
Curtis,  Alonzo. 
Dill,  Robert  R. 


64 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY  E  —  Concluded. 


Dixon,  William. 
Dodd,  David  T. 
Edington,  Abraham  N. 
Hamilton,  Octavus  A. 
Hawk,  George. 
Herrman,  Isaac  J. 
Higgins,  Stephen  H. 
Higgins,  William  H. 
Hopkins,  Horace. 
Howard,  George  W. 
Ismael,  George. 
Julien,  William. 
Keach,  Samuel. 
Kind,  William. 
Klinger,  Francis  M. 
Lawrence,   Sylvester. 
Leedam,  James  M. 
Legge,  Thomas. 
Lewell,  John. 
Lisle,  John  M. 
McDonald,  John. 
Madden,  Thomas. 
Mark,  William. 
Marsheter,  James  H. 
Mosier,  Jacob  C. 
Mowery,  Francis  N. 
Mumma,  John  R. 
Nickerson,  Benjamin. 
Pence,  George. 
Ralston,  Milton. 
Reister,  John. 


Rehs,  John. 
Robinson,  Robert  W. 
Robuck,  William. 
Ruse,  Ezekiel. 
Semon,  Thomas. 
Shaller,  Michael. 
Sheppard,  Benjamin  F. 
Smith,  George  W. 
Smith  Theodore. 
Spence,  Robert  F. 
St.  Clair,  William. 
Steadman,    Joseph. 
Stevens,  George  W. 
Stewart,  James  E. 
Stripes,  James. 
Swank,  Guilford. 
Tharp,  William. 
Thomas,  Alfred  A. 
Thompson,  Thomas. 
Tomassk,  Joseph. 
Watkins,    Samuel. 
Watkins,  William  H. 
Welch,  Edward. 
White,  Albert. 
White,  Henry  P. 
Wiley,  James  W. 
Willis,  William  A. 
Wing,  James  H. 
Woodruff,  Newton. 
Wroten,  James  T. 
Zollars,  Nathan. 


UNASSIGNED  RECRUITS. 


Baley,  Jonothan. 
Burns,  Robert. 
Clark,  Edwin. 
Sommers,  Francis  E. 
Stone,  Thomas  A. 
Bagley,  Jefferson. 
Baker,  Fredrick. 
Booker,  William. 
Brewer,  Edmund. 
Bussa,  Henry. 
Caley,  John  McC. 
Carter,  George  H. 


Ceither,   Conrad. 
Clark,  John. 
Collins,  George. 
Collins,  James. 
Cotriel,  David  W. 
Crows,  Orlando. 
Downey,  Michael. 
Farmer,  Michael. 
Ferley,  Michael. 
Findley,  James. 
Gilbert,  John  P. 
Ginockio,  Lewis, 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       65 


UNASSIGNED    RECRUITS  —  Concluded. 


Glasco,  Davis. 
Greenwood,  Charles  H. 
Greenwood,  William. 
Hardin,  Agustus. 
Hart,  Alfred. 
Henderson,  Samuel. 
Hobson,  Thomas. 
Holland,  John. 
Holmes,  Joseph. 
Horseman,  Henry  H. 
Howard,  John. 
Hoew,  Charles  E. 
Kendrick,  Calvin  R. 
Lewis,  Henry. 
Lewis,  John. 
Lewis,  William. 
McDaniel,  Charles. 
Mack,  John. 
Mahoney,  Jerry. 
Manning,  Patrick. 
Martin,  Jacob. 
Miller,  Peter. 
Monden,   Charles. 
Moore,  Thomas  E. 


Myers,  Charles. 
Parker,  Henry  H. 
Pell,  John. 
Palgge,  Julius. 
Reiger,  John. 
Riggs,  Charles. 
Russel,  William. 
Sannitkear,  Henry. 
Schwartz,  William. 
Scott,  Isaac  E. 
Sherwood,  George  E. 
Shields,  James  W. 
Steelman,   Charles. 
Smith,  George  L. 
Smith,  Henry  H. 
Smith,  Samuel. 
Snow,  Robert. 
Summerfield,  George. 
Thorp,  William. 
Tobin,  James. 
Underbill,  Joseph. 
Welch,  Martin  L. 
Williams,  John  A. 


66 


History  and  Roster 


FIFTH  INDEPENDENT  BATTALION  OHIO 
VOLUNTEER  VAVALRY. 


FIELD  AND  STAFF. 

MAJOR. 

John  F.  I  jams. 


COMPANY  A. 


CAPTAINS. 


John  F.  Ijams. 
Michael  Halm. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANT. 

John  W.   Cox. 

SECOND   LIEUTENANT. 

Richard  H.  Osgood. 

FIRST    SERGEANTS. 

John  Nelson. 
James  C.  Millis. 

Q.    M.    S. 

Charles  /\.  Poland. 
Grafton  Pierce. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

Emery  McDermith. 

SERGEANTS. 

Jacob  C.  Matheny. 
Robert  M.  Lilley. 
Joseph  H.  Cloud. 
William  Gault. 
Thomas  W.  Hedges. 

CORPORALS. 

Mortimer  E.  Kerr. 
Aaron  Spencer. 
Augustine  Star. 


Thomas  A.  Stone. 
'Luther  S.  Wood. 
Martin  V.  Niesley. 
Samuel  L.  Kirk. 
Thomas  F.  Jones. 

"  BUGLERS. 

Homer  J.  Budd. 
"David  L.   Slaughter. 

FARRIERS. 

Godfrey  Byerley. 
James  Beggs. 

.3  SADDLER. 

Isaac  Huffman. 
<j 

WAGONER. 

Robert  Chadwick. 

ft  PRIVATES. 

Alexander,  James. 
Altman,  David  A. 
Altman,  Fredrick. 
Andrews,  George. 
Baker,  Henry. 
Banner,   Samuel  H. 
Basinger,  Jacob. 
Beecher,  Mordica. 
Behr,  John. 
Bell,  Robert. 
Bennett,   Sheldon. 
Benns,  Robert. 


JOHN  F.  IJAMS,  MICHAEL 

Major  5th  Battalion.     Captain  Co.  A,  5th  Battalion. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       67 


COMPANY  A  —  Concluded. 


Bidle,  John. 
Blankner,  Fredrick. 
Bowen,  Jacob. 
Brooks,  James  A. 
Butler,  George  J. 
Clark,  Edwin  E. 
Cloud,  John. 
Cox,  Horatio,  Jr. 
Dean,   Charles  A. 
Derrick,  Jacob. 
Dewitt,  Lewis. 
Dixon,  Norman. 
Dougherty  Harrison  R. 
Fairman,  Abraham. 
Flack,  William  H. 
Flickaker,  John. 
Fought,  Simon. 
Garling,  John  J. 
Gillen,  James. 
Ginder,  William. 
Hafer,  Charles  N. 
Hinzman,  Charles. 
Hoover,  Homer  J. 
Hopper,  George. 
Houck,  John. 
Howell,  Charles  A. 
Howell,  Robert. 
Innis,  Jacob. 
Johns,  David  W. 
Kaufelt,  Henry. 
Kellv,  Oliver. 
Latham,  Willard  S. 
Leonard,  Francis  N. 


Little,  William. 
Lott,  George  V. 
McEwen,  Boston  M. 
Merrion,  George. 
Merril,  George. 
McTeer,  David. 
Moccabee,  Henry. 
Morris,  Perrin. 
Ogden,  Nelson. 
Peters,  Samuel  S. 
Peters,  William  H. 
Richards,  Joseph  B. 
Robins,  Charles. 
Robins,  John. 
Rurdan,  Robert. 
Rusk,  James  B. 
Sager,  John  W. 
Sammins,  Francis  E. 
Sammins,  Marsden  H. 
Scott,  Hamilton  L. 
Seltzer,  George  B. 
Sharp,  Wi\lf 
Shorm,  William. 
Simmons,  Isaac. 
Slade,  John  B. 
Smith,  George  F. 
Stewart,  Joseph  B. 
Thompson,  Henry. 
Timmons,  Solomon. 
Westervelt,  William  H. 
Weyer,  Philip. 
Wire,  Alfred  D. 
Wolf,  Frank. 


CAPTAIN. 

William  H.  Garrett. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANT. 

John  J.  Kade. 

SECOND   LIEUTENANT. 

John  W.  Emmick. 


COMPANY  B. 

FIRST    SERGEANTS. 

Benjamin  J.  King. 
Winfield  S.  Merrill. 

Q.    M.   S. 

Robert  T.   Moss. 

COM.    SERGEANT. 

David  S.  Jones. 


68 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY 

SERGEANTS. 

William  H.  Criswell. 
John  H.  Morrison. 
Alva  C.  Shaw. 
Robert  E.  Murrey. 

CORPORALS. 

John  A.  Bogan. 
Robert  Steward. 
Newton  B.  Anderson. 
George  Heckerd. 
Nelson  Bradshaw. 
Constantine  Davidson. 
William  L.  Wood. 
Adolpuhs  Shebble. 

BUGLER. 
Joshua  D.  Breyfogle. 

SADDLER. 

Christian  Neidhart. 

WAGONER. 

John  C.  Beymer. 

PRIVATES. 

Alwood,  Simon. 
Arnold,  James  E. 
Ayers,  Grosvenor  P. 
Baringer,  Samuel. 
Bater,  Peter. 
Betts,  Hubbard  M. 
Bogan,  Sylvester. 
Boyer,  Abraham. 
Boyer,  Adam. 
Boyer,  Madison. 
Bratton,  David. 
Carpenter,  Henry. 
Chapman,  James. 
Christian,  George  B. 
Claypool,  Albert. 
Cleveland,  Oliver. 
Commager,  David  H. 
Cooper,  Charles  P. 
Cooper,  Edward  F. 
Cummins,  William  A. 


B  —  Continued. 

Davidson,  James  R. 
Ditsler,  Cornelius. 
Elliott,  Rigdon  P. 
Fies,  Christopher. 
Foust,  Charles  W. 
Foust,  Madison. 
Furgeson,  William  P. 
Gordon,    Eli. 
Granger,  Wilbert. 
Greer,  Aaron  R. 
Halfhill,  Reason. 
Hecker,  Fredrick. 
Hedding,  David. 
Hill,  Josiah  W. 
Hines,  George  W. 
Hockins,  Edgar  A. 
Hulin,  Charles. 
Jones,  Oliver. 
Jones,  Theodore. 
Joseph,  Peter. 
Kane,  Michael. 
Kaufman,  Simon  H. 
Kelly,  John  C. 
Klinefelter,  Elias. 
Koach,  William. 
Leodrach,  Godfred. 
McBride,  William  H. 
McCrum,  James  C. 
McKitrick,  James  M. 
McNemer,  Jacob. 
Mack,  Solomon. 
Manix,  Michael. 
Martin,  George  C. 
Mattix,  Simon. 
May,  James  W. 
Mills,  Zenas. 
Munson,  Benjamin. 
Nichols,  John  W. 
Nickle,  Thomas  M. 
Patterson,  John  D. 
Richardson,  Omer  S. 
Rock,  Peter. 
Rose,  Alonzo. 
Seiter,  Jacob. 
Sexton,  William. 
Shaffer,  John  C. 
Shuster,  George. 
Smith,  Robert  A. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       69 


COMPANY    B  — Concluded. 


Smith,  Reuben  J. 
Stinbaugh,  Newton. 
Strawbridge,  James. 
Studebaker,  Alpheus. 
Thompson,  William. 
Torrey,  George. 
Towner,  Eugene  W. 
Troutman,  Henry. 
True,  Edward  L. 


Turney,  Clark. 
Wares,  William  H. 
Wells,  William  W. 
West,  William  S. 
Wheeler,  Charles. 
Wilt,  Jacob. 
Wooster,  James. 
Worley,  Samuel  A. 
Yorrey,  William  F. 


COMPANY  C 


CAPTAIN. 

John  H.  Cherry. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANT. 

Stephen  R.  Clark. 

SECOND    LIEUTENANT. 

William  Jarvis. 

FIRST   SERGEANT. 

George  B.  Kealhofer. 

Q.  M.  s. 
John  B.  Coma  way. 

COM.     SERGEANT. 

Archibald  Sampson. 

SERGEANTS. 

John  R.   Stimmel. 
Manfred  Selby. 
Horace  Watts. 
Charles  T.  Young. 
Thomas  T.  Winthrow. 
Edwin  D.  Cook. 

CORPORALS. 

Dwight  Frost. 
Reuben  Barber. 
Charles  W.  Murphy. 
Herman  J.  Clark. 
Henry  C.  Johnson. 


David  S.  Strain. 
Josiah  E.  Cory. 
Byron  M.  Ware. 
Amzi  S.  Plummer. 
James  C.  McLain. 

BUGLER. 

Aaron  M.  Ross. 

SADDLER. 

Samuel  Stephenson. 

WAGONER. 

Singler,  Davis. 

PRIVATES. 

Altman,  Henry  R. 
Bitler,  Samuel  S. 
Blinn.  Charles. 
Bromagem,  John  M. 
Brown,  James  F. 
Brown,  Lorenzo  D. 
Bucy,  Alexander. 
Cahill,  George  W. 
Canaga,  Silas  W. 
Carver,  Joseph  M. 
Chancy,  Joseph. 
Chancy,  Nathan. 
Cherry,  Rolland  D. 
Clark,  John  W. 
Cole,  John. 
Cooper,  James  C. 
Concklin,  John. 


70 


History  and  Roster 


COMPANY    C  — Concluded. 


Concklin,  Martin. 
Crain.  Jacob. 
Crawfis,  John  A. 
Crawford,  Elder. 
Cummins,  John. 
Curtis,  Dwight. 
Dean,  James. 
Duff,  Adam  C. 
Evans,  James. 
Everheart,  Theodore. 
Fowler,  Garrett. 
Gailey,  David. 
Gallaher,  Albert. 
George  Ford  D. 
Gleason,  Charles  A. 
Goetschins,  Alfred. 
Goodbar,  Newton. 
Griffith.  Elijah  C. 
Hall,  John  K. 
Haverfield,  C.  Clifford. 
Hayes,  Joseph  L. 
Hines,  James  M. 
Host,  Amos. 
Jenks,   Smith. 
Johnson,  David  L. 
Johnson,  John  T. 
Johnson,  Joseph  F. 
Johnson,  Samuel. 
Kahn,  John. 
King,  Prettyman. 
Kyle,  Joseph. 
Litten,  Abraham  L. 
McLain,  Philip. 


McFadden,  Samuel. 
McKelvy,  Eli. 
Maley,  John  M. 
Minderman,  Christ. 
Mitchell,  Albert. 
Moore,  Frank  E. 
Newton,  Henry. 
Page,  Wesley. 
Parrish,  Albert. 
Parrish,  John. 
Patterson,  John. 
Patterson,  William  F. 
Quaintance,  George  W. 
Richardon,  Richard  L. 
Rose,  Curtis. 
Sayre,    David. 
Sheets,  Jonothan. 
Stephens,  James  F. 
Stone,  Henry. 
Taggart,  Richard. 
Tate,  Joseph  C. 
Turner,  Joshua. 
Underbill,  John  W. 
Waters,  Mitchell  D. 
Watts,  Albert. 
Westervelt,  Howard  B. 
White,  John  C. 
White,  Milton  H. 
Wilkinson,  Benjamin. 
Willison,  John. 
Woodburn,  George  W. 
Yeagley,  George  J. 


COMPANY  D. 


CAPTAIN. 

James  B.  Rusk. 

FIRST    LIEUTENANT. 

John   Nelson. 

SECOND    LIEUTENANT. 

Thomas  E.  Roberts. 

FIRST   SERGEANT. 

James  I.  Oharra. 


Q.  M.  s. 
James  M.  Taylor. 

COM.     SERGEANT. 

Frank  M.  Sterrett. 

SERGEANTS. 

Lewis  M.  Smith. 
Clayton  G.  Jewell. 
Josiah  V.  Morris. 
George  Colfroth. 
James  A.  Clark. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       71 


COMPANY   D  —  Continued. 


CORPORALS. 

Howard  Aston. 
John  Van  Voohes. 
Aaron  W.  Medford. 
Charles  A.  Green. 
Frank  Bloomfield. 
Jacob  Marker. 
Lucius  Horr. 
John  H.  Wilcox. 

BUGLER. 

Theodore  Faulhaber. 

WAGONER. 

Abraham  Smock. 

PRIVATES. 

Alkier,  George. 
Bader,  Peter. 
I^asicar,  Samuel. 
Bell,  La  Fayette. 
Bennet,  Sheldon. 
Bobo,  Lenrjel  E. 
Boyd,  Isaac  P. 
Boyd,  Jesse  T. 
Boylan,  Harrison. 
Clark,  Addison. 
Clark,  Howard. 
Clark,  James. 
Cooley,  Lester. 
Davidson,  Levi. 
Davis,  David. 
Davis,  John  E. 
Day,  Isaac. 
Dutoit,  Frank. 
Eppley,  Lewis. 
Ferry,  David  E. 
Field,  Presley. 
Fouts,  Samuel. 
Francis,  Samuel. 
Frankenberg,  William  H. 
Fravel,  Samuel. 
Gales,  William  H. 
Gillen,  James. 
Gittings,  James. 
Gjaul,  Fredrick. 


Guerin,  Lovett  T. 
Holmes,  James  A. 
Hunter,  Thomas  W. 
Innis,  Jacob. 
Keitswater,  Fredrick. 
Leaper,  Jacob. 
Lee,  William  H. 
Lehman,  Daniel. 
Lehman,  John. 
Long,  John. 

Loudenslager,  William. 
McClung,  John. 
McFarland,  Hamilton. 
McGlade,  John. 
Martin,  Renseller. 
Miller,  Daniel. 
Miller,  George  N. 
Miller,  John  Henry. 
Miller,  Newberry  F. 
Nelson  Robert. 
Newhouse,  William  H. 
Offord,  Charles. 
Payton,  Torrence. 
Peck,  John. 
Quigley,  George  W. 
Ranney,  John  H. 
Reese,  Joseph  A. 
Ritter,    Barnhart. 
Roberts,  Wesley. 
Rumor,  George  W. 
Sands,  Lvman. 
Sherwood,  William  H. 
Showers.  Isaac. 
Smith,  Daniel  O. 
Smock,  Philip. 
Sperry,  Ambrose. 
Taylor,  Furgeson. 
Taylor,  James  F. 
Trautman,  Henry 
Iruitt,  John  Theodore. 
Vance,  George  W. 
Wallace,  Hamilton. 
Waters,  Jesse. 
Watson,  Edward. 
Weatherington  Wm.  S. 
Westervelt,  William  M. 
Whissen,  James. 
Whited,  John 


72  History  and  Roster 

COMPANY    D  — Concluded. 

Wilcox,  Henry  L.  Wing.  Henry. 

Williamson     George.  Worthington,   Joel  H. 


UNASSIGNED  RECRUITS. 

Archer,  Henry.  Johns,  Wyatt  R. 

Blockman,  Woodbury.  McCarty,  Simon. 

Fouts,  Samuel.  McGrovan,  Patrick. 

Hains,  Wm   C.  Moore,  John. 

Hains,  Wm    C.  Rainey,  James. 

Haverlow.  Henry.  Sidle,  David  M. 


CHARLES  A.   POLAND, 

Quartermaster  Sergeant  Company  A,  5th  Ind.  Batallion  O.  V.  C.,   First 
Lieutenant  Company  B  and  A.  A.  Q.  M.  178th  O.  V.  I. 


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Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       91 


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History  and  Roster 


DEATHS  REPORTED  SINCE  MUSTER  OUT   OF 
REGIMENT  AND  BATTALIONS. 


Names. 

Company. 

°  c 

-M     O 

11 

'§>« 
& 

Ambrose,  Samuel  A  

B 

4th 

Beitel,  John  

A 

5th 

K 

13th 

Bigstaff,  William  

c 

5th 

A 

5th 

Coke,  William  

F 

13th 

Cooper   Charles  P 

B 

13th 

Clark   E   E 

A 

5th 

Cherry  John  N    (Major) 

13th 

Cullurnber   \Vm 

D 

13th 

Crowell   Peter 

B 

13th 

Collins   G  W 

K 

13th 

Dunn   \Vm    L                                       . 

I 

13th 

Dickerson  Lawson          .           .                 ... 

F 

13th 

Fairman   A   K                     .          ....... 

G 

13th 

Fenner   Collier              

D 

13th 

France    Samuel     

D 

5th 

Fletcher   J   F  

13th 

Grove   Joshua  (Captain)   

C 

13th 

Heiser    Henry  

A 

13th 

A 

5th 

John   Henry  C  

A 

5th 

A 

5th 

Kean  John 

13th 

Lee   John  H 

G 

13th 

Little  William 

A 

5th 

Loudenslager   \Vm 

F 

13th 

McGlade  James'                          .    . 

F 

13th 

Mcllyaine  George      ....         

K 

13th 

Miller   John  H          

F 

13th 

Parrish   Al    

B 

13th 

Quigley  George  

F 

13th 

Rush   James  B  (Captain) 

D 

5th 

Ritter    Barnhart 

F 

13th 

Richardson  N   S    (Surgeon) 

13th 

Ross   Howard  (Bugler)    .  .               .... 

13th 

Smith    Henry                  .  .                 

M 

13th 

Slaughter.  L.  D..  . 

A 

5th 

Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       93 

DEATHS  REPORTED  SINCE  MUSTER  OUT   OF 
REGIMENT  AND  BATTALIONS  —  Concluded. 


Names. 


0  c 

4->     O 


St.  Clair,  George  W K  13th 

Starr,  Augustus  A  5th 

Steil,  A G  13th 

Sample,  John 

Strahl,  Joseph  S.  (Captain) M  3th 

Sherman,  James  H 13th 

Steinbaugh,  Newton B  13th 

Timmons,  Sol A  5th 

Todd,  David  T A  13th 

Vance,  George D  5th 

Ward,  Edward A  13th 

Woods,  Sylvester  F  13th 

Wooley,  Theodore  B B  3th 

Wyatte,  Benjamin K  13th 

Wilson,  Samuel  C B  4th 

Whissen,  James  C 5th 

Young,  Thomas' F  13th 


94  History  and  Roster 


CRATER  FIGHT  REMINISCENSES. 


Story  told  by  one  of  the  boys  who  was  in  it.  A  survivor 
of  the  13th  O.  V.  C.  graphically  portrays  it.  The  order 
to  the  rear  which  was  countermanded ;  instead  the  com 
mand  advanced  to  the  hottest  of  the  conflict  and  into 
the  very  Crater  itself. 

The  writer  has  been  asked  by  comrades  to  give  his 
recollections  of  the  "Crater  fight."  But  before  doing 
so,  I  will  say  that  I  will  confine  myself  as  much  as 
possible  to  what  I  saw  with  my  own  eyes,  and  what 
I  heard  directly  from  others  at  my  side  when  the  occur 
rences  noted  took  place.  Having  stated  this,  the  reader 
will  pardon  the  frequent  use  of  the  pronoun  I. 

The  Thirteenth  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry  was  dis 
mounted  and  performing  infantry  duty  with  the 
First  Brigade  (General  John  F.  Hartranft),  Third 
Division  (General  O.  B.  Wilcox),  Ninth  Corps 
(General  Burnside).  Said  regiment  had  been  in 
various  positions  about  and  in  the  breastworks  in 
front  of  Petersburg,  Va.,  from  July  1st,  1864.  On 
July  1 8th  or  2Oth,  the  regiment  was  put  in  the  front 
line  of  works,  immediately  facing  the  Confederate  fort 
called  "Elliott's  Salient."  The  Union  position  here 
had  been  pushed  forward  on  rising  ground  to  within 
less  than  200  yards  of  the  enemy's  line.  In  the  rear  of 
our  line  at  this  point  was  a  slight  bluff  which  bordered 
the  west  bank  of  a  small  run.  Here,  Colonel  Pleasants, 
of  the  Forty-eighth  Pennsylvania  Regiment,  which 
was  composed  of  miners  from  the  coal  regions  of  that 
state,  had  excavated  a  mine,  carrying  it  forward  until 
it  was  directly  under  the  Confederate  Fort  Elliott.  Two 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       95 

or  three  rooms  were  made  and  about  8,000  pounds  of 
powder  tamped  in. 

I,  at  this  time,  was  a  sergeant  in  Company  F,  Thir 
teenth  O.  V.  C.  The  left  of  said  company  was  close  to 
the  Baxter  Road,  and  was  the  left  of  the  Ninth  Corps 
position  in  the  front  line,  the  Fifth  Corps  connecting 
and  continuing  the  line  to  the  left.  In  the  small  valley 
in  our  rear,  the  Norfolk  &  Petersburg  railroad  ran 
from  north  to  south  and  near  our  left  turned  east. 
North  of  the  railroad  was  a  deep  traverse  or  covered 
way  for  the  troops  to  get  from  the  front  line  to  the 
lines  on  the  rising  ground  of  the  valley  spoken  of,  and 
thence  to  the  rear  of  the  army.  Some  distance  from 
our  regimental  right  and  still  further  to  the  right  from 
where  the  entry  to  the  mine  was,  another  covered  way 
led  from  the  valley  to  the  rear.  From  the  time  of  the 
occupation  of  the  position  held  by  the  Ninth  Corps,  a 
constant  musketry  firing  was  kept  up  day  and  night  by 
the  opposing  forces,  and  woe  betide  the  soldier,  be  he 
"Yank"  or  "Johnny,"  who  exposed  any  part  of  his 
body,  for  sharp-shooters  were  always  on  the  lookout 
for  such  a  mark.  Many  a  poor  fellow  was  sent  to  his 
long  home  or  was  crippled  for  life  during  the  holding 
of  these  works. 

The  bluff  and  the  west  bank  of  the  run  was  well 
covered  with  small  timber  and  underbrush.  This 
kept  the  workers  in  the  mine  from  view  any  distance 
off,  so  it  was  not  generally  known  we  were  mining  the 
enemy's  line.  The  dirt  was  carried  out  in  cracker  boxes 
and  jute  bags  which  had  contained  grain  for  the  com 
missary  department.  The  men  working  in  the  mine 
had  only  shirts  and  drawers  on,  and  some  were  minus 
shirt  even.  I  used  to  watch  them  popping  in  and  out 
of  the  hole  like  so  many  brown  gophers.  On  the  night 


96  History  and  Roster 

of  July  29th,  we  got  word  from  some  one  that  we  were 
to  be  relieved  from  our  exposed  position,  and  sent  to 
the  rear  to  rest  and  clean  up.  This  news  put  the  boys 
in  fine  spirits,  for  most  of  us  had  not  washed  our  shirts 
for  a  month,  consequently  our  little  friend,  the  "gray- 
back,"  was  pestiferous  and  numerous,  and  our  ablutions 
were  generally  confined  to  a  comrade  pouring  water 
from  canteens  on  our  hands  and  thence  sluiced  over 
our  faces.  Soon  after  the  arrival  of  this  report,  "sani 
tary  stores"  were  issued  to  the  company,  but  were  not 
distributed  to  the  boys,  except  a  large  jug  of  black 
berries,  which  was  doled  out  with  a  tin  spoon.  The 
tobacco  and  red  herring  and  rolls  of  bandages  received, 
I  gave,  half  and  half,  to  my  bunk  mates,  Sergeant 
Charles  A.  Green  and  Private  Charles  C.  Smith,  to  put 
in  their  haversacks  until  next  morning,  when  I  would 
divide  them  up.  Alas !  the  boys  never  got  them,  as  poor 
Smith  was  killed  and  Green  wounded  before  twelve 
hours. 

About  two  o'clock  the  next  morning,  Saturday, 
July  30,  1864,  we  heard  the  troops  that  were  to  relieve 
us  approaching,  but  to  our  surprise  they  had  bayonets 
on  their  guns.  "What's  up  ?"  asked  our  boys.  "Don't 
know,  but  guess  we're  going  to  make  a  charge,"  replied 
some  of  the  relieving  troops.  We  filed  out  of  the 
works,  formed  in  column,  and  moved  to  the  rear  to 
ward  the  entrances  of  first  covered  way,  but  before 
reaching  it  the  head  of  the  command  turned  to  the  left. 
"Ah!"  said  the  boys;  "we  are  going  the  other  way.n 
After  marching  about  three  hundred  yards,  we  halted 
and  let  some  other  troops  pass  us,  then  again  the  order 
came,  "Forward !"  but  instead  of  going  on  to  the  second 
covered  way,  we  turned  to  the  left,  and  jumping  the 
run,  filed  up  through  a  depression  in  the  bluff  to  an 


HON.  OLIVER   M.   EVANS, 

Sergeant  Company  G,  13th  O.  V.  C. 

Wounded  July  30,  1864,  in  Battle  of  Petersburg,  Va. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       97 

open  space  that  sloped  from  the  run  and  bluff  up  to 
wards  and  to  our  outer  line  of  works.  Here  in  the 
darkness  just  before  dawn,  I  could  distinguish  a  large 
body  of  troops  closed  en  masse.  It  was  now  evident 
that  we  were  to  make  an  assault,  and  the  boys  began 
talking  in  low  tones  to  each  other,  among  other  things 
discussing  the  probability  of  their  not  coming  out  of  it 
alive.  Rifle  balls  kept  zipping  in  close  proximity,  and 
several  of  the  boys  were  hit.  I  remember  Cy  Hore, 
while  joking  with  some  one  near  me,  suddenly  clapped 
his  hand  to  his  hip  and  said,  "Gemini,  I'm  hit !" 

It  proved  to  be  but  a  slight  wound,  his  oil  cloth, 
doubled  up  in  his  belt,  having  stopped  the  force  of 
the  bullet.  While  waiting  for  the  ball  to  open,  I  learned 
that  our  troops  in  front  of  us  were  Ledlie's  First  Di 
vision  and  Potter's  Second  Division,  Ninth  Corps,  and 
that  Ledlie  was  to  lead  the  assault,  followed  and  sup 
ported  by  Potter  on  the  right  and  Willcox  (our)  Di 
vision  on  the  left.  Just  after  sunrise,  a  trembling  of 
the  earth  was  felt  and  a  dull  roar  was  heard.  I  looked 
to  the  front,  and  saw  a  huge  column  of  dirt,  dust,  smoke 
and  flame  of  fire  apparently  200  feet  high,  which,  on 
reaching  its  highest  point,  curled  over  like  a  plume, 
and  then  came  down  with  a  dull  thud  to  the  earth. 
While  in  air,  I  could  see  in  the  column  of  fire  and 
smoke,  the  bodies  of  men,  arms  and  legs,  pieces  of 
timber,  and  a  gun  carriage.  I  felt  very  weak  and  pale, 
and  the  faces  of  ray  comrades  never  looked  more 
blanched,  while  the  troops  in  front  of  us  broke  back 
and  became  intermingled.  They  were  soon  rallied,  but 
it  seemed  to  me  that  it  was  fully  ten  minutes  before 
I  saw  the  advance  go  over  our  earthworks  toward  the 
enemy.  In  the  meantime,  our  forts  all  along  the  line 

7* 


98  History  and  Roster 

opened  out,  with  every  gun,  apparently,  from  the  sound, 
and  they  were  almost  immediately  answered  by  the 
Confederates.  The  solid  shot  and  shell  howled  and 
shrieked  over  our  heads,  and  balls  could  be  seen 
ricocheting  along  the  front  line  of  works  from  an  en 
filade  fire  on  our  right  front.  Men  were  dropping  here 
and  there,  the  wounded  began  to  come  back,  and  soon 
the  order  came  for  us  to  go  forward.  I  think  it  must 
have  been  one-half  an  hour  after  the  explosion  before 
we  got  over  our  works.  The  musketry  was  crashing  in 
the  front,  and  the  air  seemed  to  be  full  of  flying  mis 
siles. 

We  went  out  of  our  lines  in  column  of  fours  right 
in  front.  I  was  ordered  to  see  that  every  man  of 
company  F  went  over  before  I  did.  There  being  no 
laggards,  all  were  soon  across.  When  near  half  way 
between  our  lines  and  the  fort  that  was  disrupted, 
we  were  ordered  to  lie  down.  I  went  down  with  the 
rest  of  the  command,  and  was  glad  to  hug  the  ground 
closely.  Shells,  solid  shot,  grape  and  shrapnel  were 
skipping  over  the  ground  in  showers.  We  may  have 
remained  here  ten  minutes,  but  it  seemed  to  me  an 
hour.  Quite  a  number  of  the  regiment  were  killed 
and  wounded  at  this  point.  A  shell  went  close  over 
me,  and  exploded  over  James  Gunion,  of  company 
F,  wounding  him  in  the  back.  He  jumped  up  and 
cried,  "O  Howard!  I'm  killed,  I'm  killed!"  I 
turned  with  my  face  toward  him  and  said, 

Lie     down,  you     f 1,     or    you     will    be."       I 

asked  a  man  who  wore  a  long,  red  beard  to 
help  Gunion  back  to  our  lines,  but  he  replied, 
"D — mn  you,  help  your  own  men  off."  Gunion  got 
off,  but  the  poor  fellow  with  the  red  beard  was  killed 
a  few  minutes  after.  At  every  discharge  of  grape,  I 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.       99 

could  feel  the  wind  from  the  missiles,  and  I'd  flatten 
myself  out  and  dig  my  nose  deeper  in  the  ground.  I 
thought  I  would  be  a  happy  boy  if  I  could  get  off  with 
but  the  loss  of  a  leg  or  arm.  At  last  came  the  order, 
"Forward !"  I  jumped  up  and  said,  "Come  on,  boys !" 
and  seeing  Charles  Smith,  one  of  my  bunk  mates, 
still  lying  on  the  ground,  I  said,  "Pretty  rough,  but 
come  on,  Charlie."  He  did  not  answer,  but  grimly 
smiled.  Two  days  afterward  he  was  found  in  the 
same  place  with  a  grape  shot  through  the  body.  I 
have  always  thought  he  was  hit  at  the  time  I  spoke 
to  him,  as  a  very  heavy  charge  passed  over  the  field 
just  then  and  I  saw  several  boys  go  down. 

I  was  in  the  "crater"  in  short  order,  and  such  a 
sight  as  met  my  eyes  I  pray  may  never  be  seen  again. 
The  crater  was  about  150  feet  long,  6c  feet  wide,  and 
30  to  40  feet  deep,  large  blocks  of  clay,  timber,  guns, 
bodies  of  men  in  various  positions,  arms  and  legs  pro 
truding  from  the  loose  earth.  Some  of  the  poor 
Confederates  were  still  alive  and  squirming  and  crawl 
ing  on  hands  and  knees.  One  buried  to  the  arm  pits 
said,  "My  good  Yanks,  help  a  feller  out;  'you  alls 
ain't  going  to  let  me  be  buried  alive.' ':  Some  of  the 
boys  pulled  him  out.  To  the  right  of  where  I  entered 
the  crater,  I  saw  a  Union  officer  lying  with  his  back 
against  a  lump  of  dirt,  both  legs  terribly  mangled, 
and  while  he  was  under  my  eye,  a  shell  burst  near 
and  tore  his  face  off.  There  must  have  been  fully 
2,000  of  our  troops  in  the  crater,  all  huddled  and 
mixed  together.  Close  up  around  the  crest  of  the 
crater,  probably  300  or  so  were  firing  at  the  enemy. 
The  remainder  seemed  to  be  bewildered  and  oblivious 
to  orders.  Two  or  three  brigade  commanders  I  saw, 
and  they  seemed  to  be  urging  the  men  to  go  forward. 


100  History  and  Roster 

Several  officers  of  different  ranks  had  colors  in  their 
hands,  and  mounted  the  crest,  calling  their  comrades 
to  follow.  General  Hartranft,  our  brigade  com 
mander,  directed  us  to  the  left,  and  our  regiment  went 
over  the  crest  toward  the  enemy,  and  advanced  fifteen 
or  twenty  yards,  but  we  soon  fell  back,  as  the  fire  from 
the  traverses  and  works  on  our  left  was  very  severe. 
I  went  back  into  a  line  of  entrenchments  to  the  left  of 
the  crater,  looking  toward  the  enemy. 

On  my  right,  were  some  men  mounting  a  piece  of 
artillery,  and  I  think  they  fired  two  shots  from  it.  All 
this  time  the  air  seemed  thick  with  missiles,  and  men 
were  dropping  all  around.  The  position  I  was  in 
became  too  hot  for  me,  on  account  of  sharp  shooters 
on  the  left  plugging  their  balls  in  and  about,  while 
the  "Johnnies"  manned  the  works  but  a  few  yards 
away  and  made  it  lively  for  us.  Not  seeing  any  of  my 
regiment  here,  I  went  over  into  the  crater  and  found 
a  number  of  them,  including  a  dozen  or  so  of  company 
F,  among  them  Captain  Roberts,  who  had  but  arrived 
at  the  front  the  evening  before,  and  who  was  not 
obliged  to  be  with  the  company,  as  the  order  assigning 
him  had  not  arrived,  he  having  been  kept  back  on 
account  of  some  "red  tape"  or  other. 

It  was  probably  seven  o'clock,  when  I  heard  the 
boys  near  the  crest  say,  "Here  they  come  —  give  'em 
h — 11 !"  Those  of  us  who  were  nearest  jumped  up 
and  were  ready  to  receive  them.  I  saw  a  scattering 
line  of  the  enemy  charging  from  the  direction  of  a 
wagon  road  to  the  left.  They  appeared  to  me  to  be 
about  300  yards  off,  and  they  probably  had  400  or 
500  men  in  line.  They  advanced  with  a  yell  to  within 
fifty  yards  of  us,  but  our  fire  was  too  much  for  them, 
and  they  broke  back  and  off  to  their  right,  leaving 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.     101 

some  killed  and  wounded  on  the  ground.  A  few 
brave  fellows  reached  the  rim  of  the  crater  and  were 
taken  in. 

At  this  time  the  crater  was  full  and  running  over 
with  the  troops  of  our  white  divisions.  They  also 
occupied  the  works  to  our  left  and  right  from  100 
to  200  yards.  The  enemy  concentrated  his  fire  of  all 
arms  on  us,  and  made  it  very  perilous  for  anyone  to 
expose  himself.  The  shells  constantly  burst  above  and 
about  us,  and  discharges  of  grape  and  musketry  swept 
the  crest.  Every  few  minutes  some  one  would  throw 
up  his  hands  and  tumble  over,  some  never  to  get  up 
again.  About  7:30  o'clock,  I_heard  cheering,  and 
looking  in  the  direction  of  our  lines,  saw  the  colored 
troops  coming.  They  composed  the  largest  division 
of  our  corps,  and  must  have  been  about  4,000  strong, 
and  I  think  they  were  all  there.  The  Johnnies  opened 
out  on  them  before  they  reached  the  crater,  and  I  saw 
many  of  them  fall.  The  left  of  the  division  struck 
about  midway  of  the  crater.  The  right  extended 
several  hundred  yards  off  into  the  smoke.  They 
came,  a  surging  mass  of  black  humanity,  pushing  and 
crowding  each  other.  Their  bayonets  were  fixed,  and 
as  they  reached  the  crest  of  the  crater  nearest  our 
lines,  they  came  tumbling  over  each  other  down  upon 
the  troops  already  there,  crushing  and  wounding  many, 
both  by  trampling  and  with  their  bayonets.  Their 
officers  were  as  brave  a  set  of  men  as  I  ever  saw. 
They  pushed  on  through,  grasping  the  colors  in  several 
instances,  leaping  on  the  crest,  calling  their  men  to  fol 
low,  waving  the  flags  and  their  swords.  All  this  un 
der  a  heavy  fire,  and  went  down.  Finally  they  got 
most  of  their  commands  out  beyond  the  crater  and 
formed  in  excellent  order,  considering  their  exposure. 


102  History  and  Roster 

I  could  not  see  their  right   flank  on   account   of   the 
smoke. 

The  line  advanced  toward  what  we  called  Cemetery 
Ridge,  going  forward  probably  150  yards  under  a 
galling  fire,  when  suddenly  they  broke  back,  and 
though  their  officers  used  every  effort  to  rally  them,  it 
was  in  vain.  The  majority  of  those  under  my  obser 
vation  were  panic-stricken,  and  came  back  through 
the  crater  like  a^  flock  of  sheep,  and  sweeping  on 
toward  our  lines  carried  a  majority  of  the  white  troops 
with  them.  I  do  not  think  there  were  more  than  800 
white  troops  and  200  colored,  that  were  not  killed  or 
wounded,  left  in  the  crater  proper  after  this  episode. 
However,  I  was  a  good  deal  excited  about  this  time 
(9  o'clock)  and  may  not  have  made  a  fair  estimate, 
for  emerging  from  a  ravine  on  our  right  front,  came 
a  brigade  of  Confederate  troops,  about  1,000  strong 
apparently.  They  charged  gallantly,  but  we  managed 
to  get  500  or  600  of  our  men  up  to  the  crest  and  works, 
and  among  them  about  100  of  the  colored  troops,  and 
we  poured  a  destructive  fire  into  the  advancing  line, 
our  batteries  helping  us  by  a  rapid  fire  of  shot  and 
shell  over  our  heads.  The  line  wavered  and  broke, 
many  going  to  our  right,  and  occupied  the  traverses 
and  ditches  that  abounded.  From  here,  they  kept  up 
a  constant  fire  upon  us,  which  was  answered  effect 
ively.  About  this  time,  the  Johnnies  had  planted  a 
mortar  battery  on  our  right  front,  from  which  they 
got  our  range  beautifully,  and  every  few  minutes 
dropped  shells  into  the  crater.  Near  ten  o'clock 
another  charge  was  made  on  us  by  a  brigade  of  Con 
federates  that  came  from  about  the  same  point  the 
first  had.  We  repulsed  it,  and  they  also  took  refuge 
in  the  line  on  our  right. 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.     103 

This  force,  added  to  the  one  already  there,  had  an 
enfilading  fire  into  the  crater,  and  they  made  it  very 
lively  for  us.  Our  situation  was  becoming  desperate. 
The  mortar  battery  was  dropping  shells  among  us  every 
few  minutes.  Some  burst  over  our  heads,  and  the 
fragments  would  fly  in  every  direction.  Others  would 
bury  themselves  in  the  loose  earth,  then,  perhaps, 
burst,  carrying  with  them  the  body  of  some  poor  fel 
low  into  the  air,  or  shattering  an  arm  or  a  leg.  It  was 
no  unusual  thing  during  the  last  two  hours  I  was  in 
the  crater  to  see  the  body  of  a  man  blown  to  pieces.  I 
know  that  I  saw  arms  and  legs  twenty  feet  in  air.  At 
other  times,  a  shell  would  come  crashing  down  among 
us,  there  would  be  a  crash,  a  cloud  of  smoke  and  dust 
and  the  flesh  and  blood  of  some  comrade  would  spatter 
over  those  near  by.  Shell,  grape  and  musket  balls 
swept  the  crest  and  the  field  between  the  crater  and  our 
breastworks,  so  that  three  out  of  every  four  who  tried 
to  run  the  gauntlet  to  our  lines  were  struck  down.  Not 
withstanding  this,  I  saw  two  brave  fellows  come  in 
safe  with  ammunition  tied  up  in  shelter  tents.  I  also 
saw  two  men  (I  wish  I  knew  their  names  and  regi 
ment)  take  a  lot  of  canteens  and  start  back  to  our  lines 
for  water.  In  about  half  an  hour,  one  of  them  appeared 
on  the  crest  of  the  crater  waving  his  hand  at  us.  At 
this  moment  a  ball  struck  him  in  the  forehead  and  he 
rolled  down  among  the  dead  and  dying.  Some  of  the 
boys  rushed  for  the  canteens  and  began  passing  them 
around,  saying,  "Brave  fellow !  brave  fellow !"  In  a 
moment  or  two,  up  rose  the  hero,  looked  around,  rubbed 
his  eyes,  and  said,  "Where  am  I  ?"  Some  officer  went 
to  him,  and  found  that  he  had  been  struck  with  a  spent 
ball  and  only  stunned.  General  Bartlett,  who  com 
manded  one  of  the  brigades,  was  lying  close  by  with 


104  History  and  Roster 

his  cork  leg  shattered,  and  I  heard  him  ask  his  name 
and  regiment,  and  then  say,  "You  shall  have  a  com 
mission  if  we  get  out  of  this."  Between  10  and  n 
word  reached  us  that  further  efforts  to  relieve  us  were 
abandoned,  and  for  us  to  withdraw  our  lines.  Some  one 
projected  to  cut  through  the  crest  of  crater  towards 
our  lines,  but  after  several  men  had  been  hit  it  was 
given  up,  as  the  enemy  concentrated  such  a  hot  fire  on 
the  point  it  was  folly  to  keep  at  the  work.  On  the  right 
side  of  the  crater,  looking  towards  the  enemy,  a  traverse 
entered,  the  north  end  of  which  was  held  by  the  Con 
federates,  from  which  they  kept  a  hot  fire  through 
the  opening.  Our  men  nearest  the  point  built  a  barri 
cade  of  lumps  of  clay,  guns,  and  dead  bodies  of  Union 
and  Rebel  soldiers.  On  this  side  of  the  crater,  two  of 
our  flags  were  flying,  the  staffs  being  stuck  in  the  earth 
on  the  crest.  Here  I  saw  and  counted  twenty-one  ne 
groes  shot  within  an  hour.  They  would  crawl  up  under 
the  flags  and  barely  get  their  heads  above  the  crest 
when  they  would  come  tumbling  back  and  roll  down 
among  the  heaps  of  dead  and  wounded  below.  We 
suffered  intensely  from  heat  and  lack  of  water. 

The  cry  of  the  wounded  was  heart-rending.  They 
would  call,  "Water!"  "Water!"  then  they  seemed  to 
hold  their  breath  for  a  few  minutes,  then  all  shriek  to 
gether.  Blood  was  everywhere,  trickling  down  the 
sides  of  the  crater  in  streamlets,  and  in  many  places 
ponds  of  it  as  large  as  an  ordinary  wash  basin.  The 
works  at  our  right,  held  by  the  enemy,  had  a  dozen  or 
so  of  battle  flags  flying  on  top  of  them.  Around  each 
the  Confederates  were  grouped  more  thickly  than  at 
other  points.  They  were  a  brave  lot  of  troops,  and 
did  not  hesitate  to  expose  themselves  when  they  saw  a 
chance  to  do  us  an  injury;  but  I  say,  without  fear  of 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.     105 

contradiction,  that  the  Union  boys  who  held  the  crest 
of  the  crater  with  all  its  horrors,  at  their  feet,  were 
equally  as  brave,  for  did  they  not  repulse  two  charges  on 
them  after  their  position  was  pronounced  hopeless,  and 
officers  had  repeatedly  said,  "Boys,  you  must  look  out 
for  yourselves,  and  get  back  to  your  lines  if  you  can  ?" 
Yet  these  brave  fellows  would  say,  "We'll  whip  'em 
yet,"  and  go  among  the  dead  for  more  cartridges,  then 
resume  positions  where  they  could  do  the  most  effective 
firing  on  the  enemy. 

I  distinctly  remember  a  tall,  handsome  young  man, 
close  on  my  left,  who  was  as  deliberate  in  his  shooting 
as  if  he  were  firing  at  a  mark,  and  I  don't  think  he 
missed  many  shots,  as  we  were  firing  point  blank  into 
the  enemy,  congregated  about  their  flags.  Another  was 
a  light  haired  boy,  apparently  under  18.  He  stood  close 
to  me  for  an  hour  or  more,  firing  frequently.  There 
seemed  to  me  more  commotion  than  usual  in  the  Con* 
federate  lines,  and  they  were  increasing  the  musketry 
fire.  This  caused  us  to  urge  our  boys  who  were  seeking 
protection  below,  and  those  of  us  at  the  crest  fired  more 
rapidly.  Every  time  the  fair-haired  boy  fired  his  gun 
barrel  was  over  my  right  shoulder.  I  had  just  fired, 
when  I  saw  his  gun  barrel  close  to  my  head,  and  at  the 
same  instant  I  felt  the  wind  of  a  bullet  and  the  burn 
ing  of  my  ear,  heard  a  dull  thud,  and  the  poor  boy  fell 
with  his  head  against  my  feet,  his  blood  gushing  over 
them  from  a  death  wound  in  his  forehead.  The  troops 
were  so  mixed  that  no  one  was  near  who  knew  him.  I 
pulled  his  cap  over  his  face,  and  turned  my  attention  to 
the  enemy.  It  was  after  1 1  o'clock,  and  again  the  Con 
federates  came  at  us,  charging  and  yelling.  Again  we 
repulsed  them  and  they  oblique  to  their  left,  and  take 
shelter  in  the  intricate  works  on  my  right.  As  the  day 


106  History  and  Roster 

advances  the  heat  becomes  more  oppressive,  and  some 
men  are  sun-struck.  My  tongue  is  swollen  and  lips 
cracked,  from  the  powder  in  biting  cartridges.  My 
gun  at  times  gets  so  hot  that  I  have  to  stop  firing ;  once 
it  went  off  prematurely  just  as  I  had  loaded  it.  The 
discharge  burnt  my  eyelashes  and  brows.  Earlier  in 
the  day  a  shell  burst  close  to  my  head  and  I  was  tumbled 
over  unconscious  for  a  few  seconds.  At  another  time, 
my  ramrod  was  shot  from  my  hand,  and  twice  I  was  hit 
on  the  hand. 

Between  n  and  12  o'clock  the  firing  became  desul 
tory,  except  that  the  mortar  battery  continues  regular 
dropping  of  shells  in  our  midst.  A  few  of  us  keep  our 
position  on  the  crest  and  fire  at  the  Confederate  lines, 
to  keep  their  heads  down.  In  looking  around  among 
the  troops  left,  I  find  only  two  members  of  my  com 
pany  —  Sergeant  John  L.  McGlade  and  Private  Sam 
uel  Ehrman.  I  also  noticed  a  few  still  unhurt  from 
other  companies  of  the  regiment.  McGlade,  Ehrman 
and  I  hold  a  conference,  and  conclude  the  case  is  hope 
less,  and  I  propose  that  we  try  to  get  back  to  our  lines. 
They  demur  to  lead  out,  not  wanting  to  be  the  first  to 
run.  I  find  that  I  am  the  ranking  sergeant  and  my 
duty  is  in  being  the  last  out.  We  cannot  agree,  so  the 
matter  is  dropped  and  we  begin  firing  again ;  the  ene 
my's  fire  increasing  until  nearly  2  o'clock,  when  the 
shot,  shell,  grape,  and  musketry  pour  in  upon  us,  and 
even  guns  with  bayonets  fixed  are  tossed  in  harpoon 
style  over  the  short  space  between  us  and  the  Confed 
erates.  We  rise  up  and  cheer,  and  give  them  as  hot  a 
fire  as  we  can.  They  start  for  us.  I  say  to  McGlade 
and  Ehrman,  "They'll  get  us  this  time  if  we  don't  get 
out.  Let's  start  together."  They  reply,  "All  right." 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.     107 

We  fire  our  guns  at  the  enemy ;  a  shell  bursts  over 
us;  Ehrman  throws  up  his  hands  and  falls;  we  pick 
him  up  and  ask  if  he  is  badly  hurt;  he  responds,  "I 
don't  know,  but  help  me  off."  He  leans  on  McGlade's 
shoulder,  the  climax  is  reached,  the  "rebel  yell"  sounds 
above  the  roar  of  the  guns.  I  say,  "Help  him  off,  Mc- 
Glade,  and  I'll  give  them  another  shot."  I  turn,  fire, 
load  again,  and  jump  over  into  a  breastwork  on  the 
left  as  the  heads  of  the  enemy  appear  over  the  works  ; 
fire,  grasp  my  gun  at  a  trail,  jump  out  of  the  ditch, 
and  stooping  down,  start  for  our  lines.  I  know  noth 
ing  further  until  I  am  brought  to  my  senses  by  some 
one  pulling  me  by  the  foot,  and  I  find  myself  astride 
of  our  own  front  line  of  works.  I  had  my  gun  it* 
my  right  hand  and  was  looking  back.  The  party  who 

had  me  by  the  foot  said,  "Get  over  here,  you  d n 

fool,  or  you  will  be  killed."  I  am  dragged  over  and 
asked  if  I  am  badly  hurt.  I  reply,  "I  guess  not. 
Water!"  For  an  hour,  I  lay  half  stupefied  in  the 
trench  among  the  killed  and  wounded,  then  go  down 
to  the  little  run  that  we  crossed  in  the  morning. 
Here  I  saw  a  dozen  or  more  of  dead  swollen  beyond 
recognition  and  covered  with  flies.  Some  were  par 
tially  in  the  water,  probably  having  crawled  there  for 
a  drink  and  died.  A  crimson  stream  followed  the 
meanderings  of  the  current.  I  washed  my  slight 
wounds,  bathed  my  head  and  face,  and  started  for 
our  "cook  shanty,"  which  was  about  one-half  mile  to 
the  rear.  The  firing  had  ceased,  except  an  occasional 
shell  from  either  side,  and  the  pattering  shots  of  sharp 
shooting.  In  going  up  the  covered  way,  I  found  it 
full  of  troops,  and  the  two  lines  of  earthworks  and' 
the  strip  of  timber  I  passed  through  were  also  full 
of  troops,  belonging  to  the  Second  and  Eighteenth 


108  History  and  Roster 

corps.  I  was  frequently  stopped  and  asked  how 
things  were  at  the  front,  and  if  I  was  badly  wounded. 
I  was  splattered  with  blood  all  over,  and  one  leg  of 
my  pants  was  saturated  from  the  fair  haired  boy's 
life  blood,  and,  being  dizzy,  I  could  not  walk  straight, 
so  they  surmised  I  was  badly  hurt. 

I  saw  a  thermometer  at  division  headquarters, 
where  I  passed,  hanging  in  the  shade  of  a  bower  made 
of  pine  boughs.  It  registered  110°.  About  four  o'clock 
I  reached  our  haven  of  rest  —  the  cook  shanty,  which 
was  a  tent,  or  rather  a  series  of  shelter  tents.  Several 
of  the  company  had  arrived,  and  I  learned  that  Lieu 
tenant  Clayton  G.  Jewell,  of  company  F,  was  killed, 
his  bowels  being  torn  out  with  shell  just  before  reach 
ing  our  lines.  Lieut.  Isaac  W.  Short,  company  D, 
was  also  killed  in  the  advance.  Some  of  the  company 
with  him  brought  him  in,  and  he  died  as  he  was  laid 
in  the  grass.  Sergeant  McGlade  got  safely  to  our 
lines  with  Samuel  Ehrman,  who  was  wounded  with 
a  fragment  of  shell  which  broke  his  collar  bone  and 
went  down  in  his  chest.  He  died  four  days  after. 
George  Blenkner,  of  company  F,  was  killed,  and  my 
tmnk-mate,  Sergt.  Green,  wounded  in  the  leg,  and 
Charles  C.  Smith  killed.  In  the  evening  I  went  over 
to  the  front  line,  where  negotiations  were  pending  for 
a  flag  of  truce  to  succor  our  wounded  and  bury  our 
dead,  who  could  be  seen  thick  in  the  intervening 
ground  between  lines.  Many  of  the  wounded  would 
wave  their  hands,  but  we  were  not  allowed  by  the 
enemy  to  remove  them.  The  sun  was  boiling  hot, 
and  a  number  of  wounded  stuck  up  pieces  of  tent  and 
blankets  on  guns,  to  shelter  themselves. 

Off  and  on,  during  the  day  (Sunday,  July  31), 
the  flag  of  truce  was  flying.  At  such  times,  our  works 


Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.     109 

and  those  of  the  Confederates  would  swarm  with  the 
opposing  armies,  and  on  one  or  two  occasions  I  saw 
a  number  of  women  and  children  dressed  in  white 
among  the  Confederates.  They  probably  came  out 
from  Petersburg,  to  see  the  dead  Yankees.  As  soon 
as  the  flags  would  be  withdrawn  to  respective  lines, 
one  side  would  call  "Hunt  your  hole,  Johnnies,"  and 
the  other,  "Hunt  your  holes,  Yanks,"  and  in  a  moment 
every  head  would  disappear  and  sharp  shooting  begin. 
I  do  not  want  to  condone  the  inhumanity  of  the  Con 
federates  in  not  allowing  us  to  remove  our  wounded, 
who  were  suffering  the  tortures  of  hell,  but  we  must 
remember  that,  from  childhood  up,  they  were  taught 
that  the  black  man  was  only  fit  to  be  a  slave,  and  when 
they  found  he  was  pitted  against  the  flower  of  their 
army,  they  were  enraged,  indeed,  and  the  heart 
rending  appeals  of  our  wounded  fell  upon  the  callous 
natures  in  authority.  Yet  during  the  flying  of  the 
flag  of  truce,  many  Confederates  of  true  hearts  went 
among  the  wounded  with  canteens  of  water,  and  at 
times  when  the  flag  was  not  flying,  some  brave  soldier 
would  jump  on  their  works,  wave  his  canteen  and 
creep  down  to  some  poor  Union  soldier,  crying  out  in 
agony.  At  such  times,  all  firing  of  sharp  shooters  in 
that  direction  would  cease. 

On  the  morning  of  Monday,  August  first,  I  went 
out  to  the  front  line  again,  being  anxious  to  find  the 
body  of  my  bunk-mate,  Charles  Smith,  but  before  the 
truce  was  arranged,  I  was  so  sick  with  a  high  fever 
that  I  went  back  to  our  cook  shanty.  That  evening  I 
learned  that  we  had  been  allowed  to  bury  our  dead 
and  succor  the  wounded  who  had  still  a  little  life  left 
in  them.  Our  dead  were  buried  in  long  trenches 
between  the  lines.  At  this  time  it  was  stated  that  the 


110  History  and  Roster 

9th  corps  lost  5,840  men,  killed,  wounded  and  missing. 
The  correct  losses  of  the  i3th  O.  V.  C.  in  the  fight  I 
have  been  unable  to  learn,  but  understand  we  went  in 
with  303  and  mustered  96  the  next  morning.  Company 
F  went  in  with  less  than  thirty,  and  lost  three  killed, 
one  mortally  wounded,  and  fourteen  more  or  less 
wounded.  It  took  me  fully  two  months  to  recover 
from  the  effects  of  the  fight,  but  I  stuck  with  my 
company  through  it  all  and  performed  duty  daily 
except  two  days. 

I  have  learned,  since  the  close  of  the  war,  that  Gen 
eral  Burnside's  plans  for  the  assault  did  not  meet  the 
approval  of  General  Meade  and  were  changed  by 
Meade's  orders,  about  midnight  before  the  assault. 

A  court  of  inquiry  passed  upon  the  matter,  and  Gen 
eral  Burnside  testified,  in  part:  "The  regimental  or 
ganizations,  after  reaching  the  enemy's  lines,  were 
completely  broken  up  in  getting  over  the  great  obsta 
cles  in  both  our  lines  and  the  enemy's;  one  regiment 
mingled  with  another,  and  the  officers  undertook  to  re 
form  them  before  advancing.  One  regiment,  the  Sec 
ond  Pennsylvania  Provisional  H.  A.,  immediately  ad 
vanced  some  100  yards  beyond  the  crater,  but  the  cross 
fire  from  the  enemy  in  the  pits  to  the  right  and  left  of 
the  crater  was  very  severe,  and  this  regiment  not  being 
supported,  it  fell  back.  The  colonel  of  the  regiment, 
Barney,  was  severely  wounded." 

Burnside's  testimony  evidently  was  to  show  that  if 
his  plans  had  been  carried  out,  the  result  would  have 
been  different.  He  would  have  put  the  colored  troops 
in  first  and  cleared  the  enemy's  lines  both  right  and  left 
of  the  crater,  so  that  the  white  troops  could  have  formed 
on  the  plains  beyond  the  crater  and  made  the  assault 
on  the  second  line  of  forts  and  works.  The  brigades 


Fourth  and'  Fifth  Independent  Battalions.     Ill 

and  divisions  that  charged  into  the  crater  had  done 
good  fighting  on  many  battle  fields  before  this,  and  al 
though  charged  by  some  writers  (who  were  not  there) 
that  they  did  not  show  good  fighting  qualities  in  this 
affair,  I  say  emphatically  they  did,  and  that  no  troops 
would  have  done  better  under  the  existing  conditions. 
They  were  badly  handled  from  the  start. 

General  Meade,  in  his  testimony  before  the  court  ot 
inquiry,  says :  "There  was  a  high  parapet  in  front  of 
our  lines,  and  abattis,  and  other  obstacles  to  keep  the 
enemy  from  us.  These  obstacles  should  have  been  re 
moved,  to  enable  our  troops  to  move  out  promptly. 
The  charging  regiments  became  mixed  up.  There  was 
but  a  small  opening  made,  by  which  the  Ninth  Corps, 
1,500  men,  moved  out  by  the  flank."  Another  import 
ant  factor  in  the  case  was  the  indomitable  pluck  of  the 
Confederates  under  General  Elliott,  who  rallied  so  soon 
after  the  explosion  and  held  on  until  reinforcements 
came  in  the  form  of  Mahone's  division,  than  whom 
no  better  fighters  ever  held  a  gun.  The  intricate  works 
spoken  of  gave  them  every  advantage  over  our  troops, 
who  tried  to  get  beyond  the  crater,  by  subjecting  them 
to  such  a  severe  enfilading  fire  on  both  flanks  that  no 
troops  could  possibly  endure,  as  it  meant  annihilation 
to  remain  under  it. 

Your  late  comrade  in  arms, 

HOWARD  ASTON, 
Zanesville,  Ohio. 


APPENDIX 


WITH  SHERIDAN  FROM  PETERSBURG  TO 
APPOMATTOX. 

BY   COL.  S.  R.  CLARK. 
&    £    & 

The  Thirteenth  Ohio  Cavalry  the  last  year  of  the 
war  formed  a  part  of  the  Third  Brigade,  Second 
Division,  Cavalry  Corps,  Army  Potomac.  This  division 
was  under  the  command  of  Gen.  M.  D.  Gregg  up  to 
the  last  campaign  when  General  Crook  assumed  com 
mand,  but  always  remained  with  the  Potomac  Army. 

The  winter  preceding  the  last  campaign  was  spent 
in  winter  quarters  in  the  rear  of  the  works  occupied 
by  the  Ninth  Corps  ;  an  occasional  raid  and  picket  duty 
occupied  most  of  our  time  ;  more  than  usual  attention 
was  given  to  the  health  of  the  men;  inspections  were 
frequent  and  rigid;  considerable  rivalry  was  evoked, 
and  no  regiment  escaped.  One  morning  the  inspection 
officer  stated  in  his  report  that  he  found  a  dead  horse 
lying  in  the  stables  of  the  Thirteenth  Ohio,  and  com 
mented  at  some  length  on  what  must  be  the  general 
condition  of  a  command  where  such  a  thing  could 


The  report  was  immediately  referred  to  me,  with 
endorsement,  asking  for  an  explanation  ;  I  looked  the 
matter  up  and  returned  the  following  :  —  "General,  I 
have  the  honor  to  report  that  the  horse  referred  to  in 
enclosed  report  died  between  feed  call  and  breakfast, 
and  that  a  proper  respect  for  the  dead  demanded  that 
sufficient  time  be  allowed  for  the  removal  of  the  re 
mains.  Very  Respectfully,  S.  R.  Clark,  Col.  Com./' 
while  much  contained  in  these  reports  were  simply 
(1) 


2        4th  and  5*h  Battalions,  and  i^th  O.  V.  C. 

pleasantries  they  called  attention  to  the  little  details 
of  camp  life  which  might  affect  the  health  of  the  men ; 
and  at  the  same  time  kept  them  employed,  so  that 
when  spring  came,  both  officers  and  men  were  in  good 
spirits  and  as  a  rule  in  perfect  health. 

Our  base  of  supplies,  City  Point,  only  a  few  miles 
distant,  made  it  easy  to  obtain  supplies  of  all  kinds, 
and  the  final  inspection  a  week  before  the  start  found 
each  man  with  a  new  suit  of  clothes,  and  a  perfect 
equipment,  from  the  letter  and  cross  sabres  on  cap  to 
the  spurs  on  boots.  The  Quartermaster's  Department, 
in  charge  of  our  very  efficient  quartermaster,  Captain 
Fred  C.  Dietz,  was  in  equally  good  condition. 

For  two  days  before  the  final  move,  infantry  from 
the  Army  of  the  James  filed  through  camp  to  our  left, 
and  Lee's  right;  this  was  the  only  intimation  we  had 
of  what  was  coming,  or  what  direction  we  were  to 
take,  for  we  concluded  that  if  the  infantry  were  going 
to  the  left  we  would  go  in  the  same  direction,  only 
further. 

In  the  meantime  Sheridan  with  his  two  divisions 
had  arrived  from  the  valley  and  McKenzie's  brigade 
had  come  over  from  the  Army  of  the  James. 

On  the  evening  of  the  28th  of  March  we  received 
orders  to  move  on  the  following  morning;  were  in 
formed  that  all  cavalry  under  immediate  command  of 
General  Sheridan  would  move  at  the  same  time.  The 
First  and  Third  Divisions  under  Major  General  Merritt 
would  move  to,  or  near  Stony  Creek  and  then  turn 
west.  The  Second  division  was  to  take  the  Jerusalem 
plank  road  and  then  turn  west  by  the  first  road,  not 
interfering  with  the  infantry,  and  with  as  little  delay 
as  possible  reach,  take,  and  hold  Dinwiddie  Court 
House. 


CAPT.   B.   F.   METCALF, 

Company  H,   13th  O.  V.  C.     Killed  at  Dinwiddie  Court  House,   March 
31,  1865. 


B.   F.   SHEPHERD, 
Company  H,   13th  O.   V.    C. 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i^th  O.  V.  C.        3 

We  were  informed  that  the  infantry  were  moving 
at  the  same  time,  and  in  the  same  direction,  and  that 
the  object  was  to  turn  Lee's  right,  force  him  out  of  his 
entrenched  line  into  the  open  where  he  might  be 
attacked.  The  roads  over  which  we  moved  were  poor 
at  any  time,  but  late  rains  had  made  them  almost  im 
passable.  We  moved  out  in  the  following  order: 
First  Maine,  Sixth  Ohio,  Thirteenth  Ohio,  Twenty- 
Second  New  York.  We  went  forward  rapidly  and 
without  a  halt  till  we  reached  Rowanty  Creek  where 
we  struck  Confederate  pickets  guarding  the  road  and 
the  remains  of  a  bridge.  The  First  Maine  began  a 
lively  skirmish,  in  which  a  few  were  wounded,  but  as 
soon  as  they  saw  we  were  present  in  force  they  re 
treated. 

The  bridge  was  quickly  made  passable  by  covering 
of  rails,  then  some  hay,  another  layer  of  rails  and  more 
hay ;  over  this  rickety  structure  the  brigade  was  passed 
and  we're  off  for  Dinwiddie  Court  House  as  fast  as  our 
horses  could  run ;  it  was  a  wild  chase.  The  Johnnies 
were  anxious  to  save  their  wagons  and  sutlers'  sup 
plies  ;  they  seemed  to  have  more  peanuts  than  anything 
else,  for  every  little  while  they  would  throw  out  a  bag 
full  or  two  and  I  have  never  been  able  to  determine 
whether  their  idea  was  to  lighten  their  load,  or  to  bait 
the  Yankees  whom  they  knew  were  very  fond  of  pea 
nuts.  They  were  so  closely  pressed  that  when  a  mule 
got  stuck  in  the  mud  they  cut  him  loose  and  went  on. 
We  went  into  Dinwiddie  Court  House  about  the  same 
time,  and  the  first  intimidation  the  Coonel  commanding 
had  of  our  coming  was  the  demand  made  for  surrender 
by  a  squad  of  cavalry  surrounding  his  tent,  and  with 
out  loss  or  delay  we  had  gained  the  first  objective 


4        4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  ijth  O.  V.  C. 

point  in  the  campaign,  and  as  it  proved  the  entering 
wedge  to  the  destruction  of  Lee's  army. 

There  was  no  town  that  I  saw;  nothing  but  an 
old  house  that  they  called  "the  Tavern" — it  was  nothing 
but  a  country  cross-road.  It  was  late  in  the  afternoorr 
when  we  reached  Dinwiddie  and  were  ordered  to  camp 
about  one-half  mile  from  the  tavern  or  town  on  the 
main  road  leading  in  the  direction  of  Petersburg,  with 
instructions  to  throw  out  strong  picket,  as  it  was  now  a 
question  whether  we  would  attack  or  be  attacked  by 
a  force  from  the  right  of  Lee's  line  not  far  distant ;  and 
as  we  were  without  tents  it  took  but  a  short  time  to 
piepare  coffee,  make  detail  for  picket,  and  lie  down  to 
sleep  with  the  assurance  that  the  morrow  would  bring 
us  into  conflict  with  the  men  we  had  so  often  before 
met,  but  this  time  on  ground  of  our  own  choosing. 

I  never  saw  the  men  in  better  spirits.  During  the 
winter  months  in  camp  and  on  reserve  picket  post, 
the  various  questions  as  to  what  could  or  should  be 
done  had  been  thoroughly  discussed;  we  had  tried 
direct  attack  often  enough ;  the  Thirteenth  had  been  in 
the  terrible  assault  on  Petersburg  on  the  3Oth  of  July, 
1864,  the  memory  of  which  was  still  fresh  in  the  minds 
of  the  boys,  and  the  many  unfilled  places  in  each  com 
pany  bore  testimony  to  the  bravery  of  our  men,  and 
they  had  had  no  opportunity  to  inflict  like  punishment 
on  their  enemies. 

The  turning  of  Lee's  right  had  always  been  the 
favorite  plan  of  campaign ;  this  had  not  been  left  un 
tried.  Twice  we  had  been  out  as  far  as  Stony  Creek 
and  came  back,  if  not  whipped,  at  least  without  accom 
plishing  anything  of  importance.  With  the  massing 
of  nine  brigades  of  cavalry,  with  five  batteries  of  light 
artillery  of  the  regular  army,  all  under  the  command 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  ijth  O.  V.  C.        5 

of  Gen.  P.  H.  Sheridan,  whose  very  name  was  a  tower 
of  strength  to  us,  and  a  terror  to  our  enemies,  we  were 
ready  with  unabated  zeal  to  follow  our  leader.  We 
did  not  know  then  that  our  trains  were  stuck  in  the 
mud  back  at  Rowanty  Creek  and  that  Custer  and  his 
gallant  brigade  were  working,  and  worked  all  night, 
to  get  them  out.  We  came  over  the  roads  with  but 
little  difficulty,  but  when  the  heavy  trains  of  ammuni 
tion  and  subsistence  got  on  them  they  soon  became 
almost  impassable — or  as  an  officer  said  to  me  two 
days  later,  "The  bottom  just  fell  out."  I  learned  after 
wards  that  our  position,  isolated  as  we  were  from  the 
infantry,  created  considerable  anxiety  at  headquarters, 
but  the  thought  of  any  danger  to  our  command  never 
entered  our  minds,  that  evening,  as  we  discussed  the 
situation  while  drinking  our  coffee  and  chewing  our 
hardtack.  The  necessity  of  watchfulness  had  been  so 
impressed  on  my  mind  in  the  orders  from  the  brigade 
headquarters  that  in  addition  to  the  usual  picket  out 
on  the  road  and  covering  the  country  for  some  distance, 
I  established  a  strong  reserve  post  a  short  distance 
from  camp,  that  we  might  have  time  to  get  out  without 
confusion  if  occasion  required.  I  had  just  lain  down 
when  an  orderly  awoke  me;  in  response  to  the  call  I 
found  that  they  had  halted  about  twenty  mounted  men, 
dressed  mostly  in  confederate  uniforms.  The  officer 
in  command  carried  an  order  from  General  Sheridan 
to  pass  them  through  the  lines,  but  the  officer  on  picket 
was  not  quite  sure  that  it  was  the  thing  to  do  with  such 
a  motley  crew,  so  concluded  to  throw  the  responsibility 
on  me.  I  soon  found  that  they  were  Sheridan's  scouts 
under  command  of  Major  Young  and  no  further  ques 
tions  were  asked.  Before  midnight  it  began  to  rain 
and  continued  to  pour  down  until  nearly  daylight,  and 


6        fth  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i^th  O.  V.  C. 

when  we  got  up  the  whole  country  was  covered  with 
water.  We  were  encamped  on  ground  considerably 
higher  than  the  country  north  and  west  toward  Cham 
berlain's  Creek,  and  as  I  looked  out  in  the  early  morn 
ing  all  was  quiet,  with  nothing  to  indicate  the  struggle 
of  contending  forces  that  was  to  take  place  later  in  the 
day  over  the  same  ground.  Early  in  the  morning  we 
were  informed  that  the  enemy  were  present  in  force 
in  our  immediate  front,  covered  by  the  woods.  About 
this  time  the  sounds  that  came  from  the  north-west 
told  us  that  the  fight  had  begun,  we  could  hear  the 
cheers  as  our  boys  charged,  and  for  a  time  the  fighting 
was  so  well  sustained  as  to  indicate  a  general  engage 
ment.  Our  speculations  as  to  what  was  going  on  over 
there  were  brought  to  a  sudden  end  by  an  order  to 
mount  up  and  move  to  the  woods  in  our  front,  some 
eighty  rods  distant.  We  were  in  our  saddles  and  off 
in  quick  time.  Arriving  at  the  woods  Gen.  Smith 
ordered  us  to  dismount  and  form  on  the  right  of  a 
narrow  road  that  ran  through  the  woods.  I  was  in 
formed  that  some  distance  ahead  I  would  come  to  a 
creek  where  we  would  form  with  left  resting  on  this 
road,  covering  as  much  ground  as  possible  to  the  right, 
which  would  be  the  extreme  right  of  our  line,  and  that 
the  First  Maine  cavalry  would  connect  with  our  left. 
We  moved  to  the  right  of  the  road,  lined  up  and 
started  forward.  We  had  gone  but  a  short  distance 
when  one  of  the  advance  guard  fired  and  shouted 
"Here  they  are."  Looking  forward  could  be  seen  a 
line  of  Jonnies  facing  toward  us.  The  command  "For 
ward,  double  quick"  was  given.  With  a  yell  the  boys 
started  off  on  a  run.  For  some  reason  the  Confeder 
ates  seemed  to  be  surprised,  and  after  firing  a  few 
shots  retreated  to  the  other  side  of  the  creek. 


»%  I 


JAMES   K.    PIERSOLL, 
First  Lieutenant  Company  B,  13th  O.   V.  C. 


O.   L.   CANAGA, 
Company  B,   13th  Regiment,    O.  V.   C. 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.   V.  C.        7 

We  soon  reached  the  edge  of  the  woods  near  the  creek 
and  halted.  On  our  side  of  the  water  was  a  narrow 
strip  of  cleared  land  grown  up  with  long  grass.  Along 
the  immediate  bank  was  a  dense  growth  of  willows 
that  completely  prevented  any  view  beyond;  further, 
we  could  see  that  the  woods  came  down  to  about 
as  near  the  creek  as  on  our  side ;  the  creek  itself  was 
an  insignificant  affair,  only  about  a  rod  wide,  but 
quite  deep,  for  in  the  evening  when  I  saw  the  rebels 
jump  into  it  on  their  final  charge  it  was  almost  up  to 
their  necks. 

I  have  been  thus  particular  in  describing  this  line 
from  the  fact  that  here  we  were  to  fight  the  whole  of 
that  memorable  afternoon,  and  here  some  of  our  best 
officers  and  men  were  to  die.  As  we  made  no  effort 
to  cross,  the  enemy  came  down  and  formed  opposite 
our  lines,  which  were  so  near  each  other  that  we 
could  hear  the  commands  given.  An  officer  of  Gen 
eral  Smith's  staff  said  he  was  directed  by  the  General 
to  say  that  we  were  to  stay  on  this  line  as  long  as  pos 
sible,  explaining  that  we  held  the  extreme  right  and  a 
break  here  might  endanger  the  whole  command  by  en 
abling  the  enemy  to  turn  our  right  and  drive  us  back 
to  Dinwiddie  Court  House.  I  replied,  "You  can  say 
to  General  Smith  for  me  that  we  will  be  here  as  long 
as  it  will  be  possible  for  us  to  hold  our  ground."  This 
was  the  last  we  saw  or  heard  from  brigade  headquar 
ters  until  after  dark. 

The  fight  really  began  with  an  attempt  to  charge 
over  the  bridge  in  our  front  with  rebel  cavalry.  Those 
near  the  road  could  hear  the  command  given,  "For 
ward,  Trot,  March,"  and  on  they  came.  As  soon  as 
they  came  around  the  turn  in  the  road  near  the  bridge 
a  squadron  of  the  First  Maine  opened  on  them  with 


8        qth  and  $th  Battalions,  and  ijth  O.  V.  C. 

their  repeating  rifles,  and  back  they  went.  Our  boys 
cheered  and  our  band  in  the  rear  began  to  play  "The 
Star  Spangled  Banner,"  and  almost  at  the  same  time  a 
band  on  the  other  side  began  playing  "Dixie ;"  they 
cheered  and  began  to  fire  which  we  promptly  answered 
and  the  fight  was  on  in  earnest,  and  continued  until 
near  sundown.  We  were  obliged  to  keep  up  the  firing, 
for  were  they  to  find  out  that  there  was  but  a  compara 
tively  small  force  of  cavalry  they  might,  by  charging, 
force  us  to  leave  all  we  had  captured.  As  long  as  our 
ammunition  held  out  we  got  along  finely ;  being  armed 
with  breech  loaders  we  could  fire  so  rapidly  that  it  was 
impossible  for  them  to  determine  our  number.  Early 
in  the  fight  I  sent  my  orderly,  Al  Bond,  to  crawl  through 
the  grass  to  the  creek  to  see  if  possible  what  force 
we  were  fighting.  He  returned  with  the  information 
that  there  was  a  line  of  infantry  about  as  far  from  the 
creek  on  the  other  side  as  we  were  from  it  on  this ; 
some,  he  said,  were  lying  on  the  ground,  others  stand 
ing  up  loading  and  firing.  As  the  fight  went  on  I  be 
came  anxious.  Men  were  dropping  out  here  and  there, 
and  what  was  still  more  alarming,  our  ammunition 
was  nearly  gone.  As  I  rode  along  the  line  I  found  here 
and  there  men  who  were  not  firing  and  learned  that 
the  cartridges  were  all  gone ;  and  knowing  what  would 
happen  when  the  firing  ceased,  I  at  once  notified  offi 
cers  that  when  the  order  was  given  to  fall  back  they 
should  lose  no  time  and  close  in  toward  the  road  on 
which  our  left  had  rested.  While  I  was  talking  to 
Captain  Metcalf  he  was  instantly  killed  by  a  ball 
through  the  heart.  I  ordered  Sergeant  Hamilton  of 
his  company  to  carry  their  captain  off  the  field,  look 
ing  up  I  saw  the  rebels  wading  through  the  creek  and 
the  order  to  fall  back  was  given;  just  then  our  ad- 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i^th  O.  V.  C.        9 

jutant,  Lieutenant  Brown,  was  shot  through  both  legs. 
The  boys  hastily  threw  him  up  behind  me.  My  horse 
had  been  shot  twice  and  died  a  few  hours  later,  but  was 
able  to  carry  us  both  safely  out.  The  rebels  stopped 
to  form  after  crossing  the  creek,  which  enabled  us  to 
materially  increase  the  distance  between  us  and  them. 
I  discovered  that  the  balance  of  the  brigade  was  gone, 
with  the  exception  of  a  few  of  the  First  Maine  who 
had  separated  from  their  command  and  had  fallen  in 
with  us. 

While  we  were  retreating  my  attention  was  called 
to  some  rebel  cavalry  coming  out  of  the  woods  on  our 
right,  with  the  evident  intention  of  charging  us.  The 
officer  in  command  was  making  every  effort  to  get  his 
command  into  line  as  they  came  into  the  open  field. 
I  felt  that  while  we  might  be  able  to  march  or  run  away 
from  the  fellows  behind  us  we  were  in  no  condition  to 
stand  a  cavalry  charge.  I  suggested  that  the  line  must 
not  be  allowed  to  form,  and  one  of  the  First  Maine  men 
who  was  with  us  stepped  into  a  fence  corner,  drew  up 
his  Henry  rifle,  and  fired  at  the  commanding  officer. 
As  three  or  four  immediately  rode  up  to  him  it  was  evi 
dent  that  he  was  hit,  and  in  the  confusion  created  their 
opportunity  was  lost. 

When  we  were  nearly  out  of  the  woods  a  regiment 
of  rebel  infantry  came  in  on  our  left ;  they  had  crossed 
further  down  and  come  around  in  hope  of  taking  us 
in,  but  were  a  little  too  late  as  all  they  succeeded  in  do 
ing  was  to  pick  up  a  few  who  had  not  yet  closed  up. 
We  were  soon  out  in  the  open  and  saw  our  men  on  the 
ridge  in  front  of  us  throwing  up  a  line  of  works.  We 
were  soon  with  them,  filling  the  place  that  had  been 
left  for  us.  Just  then  General  Sheridan  rode  down 
the  line  and  we  cheered  him  heartily.  Some  of  our 


10      ^.th  and  ^th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

light  artillery  opened  fire  on  the  Rebs  who  were  too 
far  off  to  be  reached  by  our  carbines.  As  the  sun  was 
going  down  our  detail,  made  early  in  the  afternoon,  to 
bring  ammunition,  arrived,  each  man  carrying  a  box 
before  him  on  his  saddle,  and  we  were  again  well  sup 
plied  with  cartridges.  It  soon  grew  quite  dark  and 
all  fears  of  any  further  attack  for  that  day  were  over. 

After  a  short  time  we  were  relieved,  our  horses 
were  brought  up,  and  we  mounted  and  rode  some 
where,  —  I  do  not  know  where,  and  went  into  camp. 

It  then  occurred  to  me  that  the  squadron  I  had 
sent  to  report  to  division  headquarters  in  the  morning 
had  not  returned,  so  I  sent  my  orderly,  Bond,  in  search 
of  them,  and  by  inquiry  at  division  headquarters  he 
located  them  just  where  they  had  been  left  in  the 
morning  and  brought  them  in. 

On  the  morning  of  April  I,  after  making  changes 
rendered  necessary  by  the  losses  of  the  previous  day, 
and  sending  to  the  rear  horses  that  were  no  longer 
wanted  as  there  were  no  boys  to  fill  the  empty  saddles, 
we  spent  the  day  in  guarding  trains  and  facing  to 
wards  Lee's  army  on  the  lookout  for  any  force  that 
might  attempt  to  attack  our  rear. 

On  the  second  we  brought  the  trains  to  Dinwiddie 
Court  House  and  then  marched  to  Sutherland  Station. 

On  April  3  v/e  started  at  daylight,  crossed  the  South 
Side  Railroad,  and  headed  toward  the  Danville  Rail 
road  ;  did  not  stop  until  one  o'clock  in  the  morning  of 
the  4th;  were  in  the  saddle  again  in  three  hours; 
marched  without  any  rest  until  we  struck  the  Danville 
Railroad  near  Burkeville  Junction ;  in  the  evening  we 
marched  to  Jettersville  and  remained  over  night. 

On  the  morning  of  April  5th  the  sun  shone  bright 
and  having  had  more  rest  than  usual  all  were  feeling 


JAMES   L.    HELL, 
Company    I),    f>th    Ind.    I'attalion    and    Co.    F,    13th    ().    V.    C. 


JAMKS    C.    WHISSKX, 
Company    D,    r,th    Ind.    Hattalion   and    Co.    F,    13th    O.    V.    C. 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C.      11 

better.  Having  no  orders  to  march  we  were  think 
ing  of  paying  a  visit  to  an  Ohio  regiment  that  was  in 
camp  near  us,  but  just  as  we  were  getting  on  our 
horses  an  orderly  rode  up  with  an  order  to  mount  up 
and  move  out  at  a  trot,  following  the  First  Maine,  and 
again  we  were  off,  not  on  a  trot,  but  on  a  gallop  to 
catch  the  column  which  had  the  start.  As  we  came  to 
the  road  to  Amelia  Springs,  where  we  were  to  turn 
off  the  main  road,  we  found  our  brigade  band  playing 
a  lively  tune  to  help  us  around  the  corner.  We  soon 
met  part  of  Davies'  brigade  that  had  struck  Lee's  trains 
on  the  move,  cut  out  and  captured  a  battery  of  ar 
tillery  and  burnt  a  mile  or  so  of  his  train.  Up  to  this 
time  the  Johnnies  had  not  been  used  to  this  kind  of 
treatment  and  were  coming  on  in  force  to  teach  the 
Yanks  a  lesson  and  recapture  the  battery  and  several 
hundred  men  Davies  had  taken.  Our  mission  was  to 
tulp  our  men  out.  We  had  just  passed  the  First  New 
Jersey  cavalry,  Col.  Janeway  commanding,  who  saluted 
and  smiled  as  I  passed  him,  and  had  gone  but  a  short 
d'-tance  until  I  met  General  Smith  riding  very  fast 
and  evidently  much  excited.  He  called  out  "Right 
about,  Colonel,  get  back  as  fast  as  you  can ;  look  out 
for  your  left  flank,  if  you  meet  them  charge  at  once," 
and  as  fast  as  horses  could  be  turned  in  a  road  that 
left  but  little  room  to  spare,  we  were  on  the  back  track. 
It  appeared  that  soon  after  we  had  had  passed  the  First 
Jersey  a  rebel  cavalry  regiment  struck  them  on  the 
flank ;  the  bushes  were  so  thick  that  they  were  not  dis 
covered  until  they  were  right  on  them  ;  the  fight,  which 
was  with  sabres  and  pistols,  was  fast  and  furious  while 
it  lasted.  Colonel  Janeway  was  killed  in  the  first  on 
set,  shot  through  the  head.  The  rebels  were  driven 
back  and  the  column  proceeded. 


12      flh  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i^th  0.  V.  C. 


By  this  time  we  were  back  to  the  main  road  ;  the 
rebel  cavalry  was  coming  out  of  a  piece  of  wood  some 
quarter  of  a  mile  off  to  try  us  again;  we  came  into 
line,  regimental  front,  and  as  soon  as  the  last  squadron 
was  in  line  the  command  "draw  sabres"  was  given 
and  then,  "forward,  trot,  march"  and  away  we  went 
after  them.  Some  of  them  disappeared  in  the  woods. 
The  formation  of  the  ground  over  which  we  were  pass 
ing  was  such  as  to  force  us  toward  the  road  into  which 
I  soon  turned  and  was  followed  by  a  portion  of  the 
regiment.  A  bend  in  the  road  brought  us  face  to  face 
with  some  rebel  cavalry  drawn  up  across  the  road 
who  began  to  fire  at  us  with  their  pistols.  We  were 
going  at  such  a  rate  that  we  could  not  stop  if  we  were 
disposed  to;  they  broke  right  and  left  and  we  passed 
through  them  and  halted  as  soon  as  possible. 
Right  in  front,  not  more  than  half  a  mile  away, 
we  saw  thousands  of  Lee's  army  massed.  It  was  time 
to  stop.  With  the  men  who  attempted  to  barricade 
the  road  with  their  horses  was  the  colors  of  the  regi 
ment  (2nd  Alabama  Cavalry).  Sergeant  Piersoll  gal 
lantly  went  for  the  Johnny  and  captured  the  colors. 
We  secured  but  few  prisoners  whom  we  soon  disposed 
of  and  with  the  balance  of  the  brigade,  which  was 
on  the  ground  and  in  line  on  our  right  and  left,  we 
skirmished  until  dark  and  were  then  withdrawn. 

On  the  morning  of  the  6th  we  were  off  early  ,  As 
soon  as  it  was  light  we  could  see  the  trains  of  Lee's 
army  not  far  to  our  right;  towards  noon  at  a  point 
where  the  roads  came  near  to  each  other,  the  Second 
brigade  of  our  division  charged  them  but  were  re 
pulsed  by  a  line  of  infantry  marching  with  them.  Our 
brigade  was  now  deployed  a  little  further  up  the  road 
and  we  undertook  to  work  our  way  through  woods 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i^th  O.  V.  C.      13 

full  of  underbrush  to  get  at  their  trains.  The  First 
Maine  cavalry  got  through  first,  broke  their  line  but 
was  obliged  to  retire.  The  formation  of  the  brigade 
was  now  changed,  we  being  sent  to  the  left  of  the  road. 
When  about  ready  to  move  forward  we  were  again 
ordered  to  the  left  and  were  moved  up  to  near  a  line 
just  established  by  the  rebels  who  were  so  closely 
pressed  that  they  must  fight  or  abandon  their  trains. 
The  crack  of  the  carbine  and  the  cheers  of  the  charging 
cavalry  with  the  answering  fire  of  the  enemy  had  by 
this  time  become  so  general  that  it  was  evident  that  a 
battle  of  more  than  ordinary  importance  was  on. 

Just  at  this  time  I  received  an  order  to  report  to 
General  Irvin  Gregg,  commanding  Second  brigade,  on 
a  road  running  south,  and  off  we  went  on  a  trot.  Look 
ing  ahead  I  could  see  the  road  was  full  of  burning 
wagons.  Before  we  came  to  them  at  a  point  where  the 
road  came  into  the  one  we  were  on  I  found  General 
Gregg  waiting  for  us.  I  saluted  and  reported  for  duty. 
Turning  to  the  road  that  came  in  here  and  was  full 
of  wagons,  with  a  wave  of  his  hand  said,  "Burn  those 
wagons."  The  road  descended  to  and  across  a  small 
creek,  then  up  a  long  hill.  In  most  cases  the  drivers 
had  unhitched  and  gone  with  their  teams.  At  the 
command  "Fours  right"  we  were  off  again.  I  ordered 
the  first  two  squadrons  to  pass  to  and  over  the  creek 
and  begin  their  work  there. 

It  may  be  of  interest  to  some  to  learn  how  they 
were  burned  so  readily.  The  only  feed  they  had  for 
their  horses  was  leaves  stripped  from  corn  stocks 
when  green  and  tied  up  in  small  bundles ;  these  as  a 
rule  were  found  sticking  out  of  the  back  end  of  each 
wagon.  Pull  out  a  bundle  of  this  fodder,  give  several 
of  the  boys  a  handful,  strike  a  match,  fire  one  and  as 


14      fih  ana  5th  Battalions,  and  i^th  O.  V .  C. 

the  boys  pass  give  them  a  light  and  let  them  go.  In 
a  few  minutes  a  mile  of  wagons  will  be  in  a  blaze. 
As  soon  as  we  were  fairly  started  I  discovered  that 
we  were  going  right  into  the  rear  of  the  rebel  troops. 
Not  more  than  twenty  rods  away  was  a  line  of  rebel 
infantry  behind  a  light  breastwork  fighting  our  dis 
mounted  cavalry.  When  I  got  to  the  creek  I  saw  that 
they  were  awake  to  what  we  were  doing  and  had 
started  some  infantry  to  cut  us  off.  The  men  on  up 
the  hill  were  recalled,  some  were  turned  back  by  the 
road,  those  who  were  furthest  out  were  turned  into 
the  field  south  of  the  road,  and  in  that  way  got  out. 
Capt.  Strahl  seemed  to  have  been  imbued  with  a  de 
sire  to  burn  up  the  whole  southern  confederacy  for  he 
kept  on  until  stopped  by  some  rebel  cavalry  and  he  and 
his  command  were  taken  prisoners  but  came  back  three 
days  later,  after  Lee's  surrender. 

After  re-forming  I  was  without  orders  or  knowl 
edge  as  to  the  whereabouts  of  our  brigade.  The  fight 
which  had  been  growing  from  the  time  when  it  was  be 
gun  by  our  cavalry  was  now,  about  5  o'clock  in  the  af 
ternoon,  more  than  doubled.  By  the  heavy  firing  from 
the  direction  in  which  we  had  come,  it  was  evident  that 
our  infantry  were  up  and  heavily  -engaged.  Very  soon 
we  could  see  the  rebels  coming  towards  us,  evidently 
trying  to  escape,  and  we,  together  with  two  Pennsyl 
vania  regiments,  placed  ourselves  squarely  across  their 
line  of  retreat  and  began  to  halt  them;  they  offered 
no  resistance  and  we  gathered  them  into  squads  of  50 
or  more  and  then  sent  them  to  our  right  and  rear. 
How  many,  or  who  they  were,  I  never  knew  further 
than  that  General  Smith  reported  General  Corse's  staff 
as  among  the  number.  Night  was  now  coming  on  and 
the  fight  was  over,  so  after  finding  our  brigade  and 


HAMILTON  McFARLAND, 
Company  F,   13th  O.  V.   C. 


WILLIM   C.   BURNS, 
Company  F,  13th  O.  V.  C. 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C.      15 

making  a  cup  of  coffee  we  laid  down  to  get  as  much 
rest  as  we  could,  for  we  well  knew  that  the  morning 
would  bring  hard  riding  and  fighting.  This  was  a 
glorious  day  for  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  We  had 
destroyed  one  corps  of  Lee's  army,  captured  over  nine 
thousand  men,  six  generals,  most  of  their  artillery,  and 
burned  hundreds  of  their  wagons. 

On  April  7  we  were  in  pursuit  of  the  Johnnies  by 
daylight,  our  brigade,  the  3rd,  was  in  the  advance,  and 
our  regiment  leading  the  brigade.  Moving  as  fast  as 
possible  we  soon  came  to  their  rear  guard.  The  first 
thing  we  struck  was  a  fence  built  across  the  road  on 
the  top  of  which  were  placed  rails,  one  end  on  the 
ground  and  the  other  pointing  toward  us;  we  took  it 
on  the  run,  scattered  it,  and  went  on.  A  mile  or  so 
further  on  we  went  down  into  a  valley  with  a  narrow 
but  quite  deep  stream  running  through  it.  The  bridge 
was  on  fire  and  well  burned  by  the  time  we  reached  it. 
After  several  attempts  up  and  down  the  stream,  we 
found  a  place  just  above  the  bridge  where  we  could 
ford  and  began  to  cross.  On  the  hill  beyond  we  had 
seen  quite  a  body  of  rebel  infantry  and  as  soon  as  one 
platoon  was  over  I  started  up  the  hill.  As  we  came 
to  the  level  we  received  a  volley  from  a  line  of  infantry 
behind  a  brush  fence  only  a  few  yards  from  our  front, 
and  back  down  the  hill  we  went,  that  is  those  who 
did  not  go  down  from  the  effects  of  their  fire.  We 
now  moved  to  the  right  into  a  field  and  started  par 
allel  to  the  road  on  which  the  Johnnies  were  moving. 
We  were  not  more  than  ten  rods  apart,  they  in  the 
woods  and  we  in  the  fields.  No  shots  were  fired  by 
either  side.  This  state  of  affairs  lasted  until  we  came 
to  the  brow  of  a  very  steep  hill,  and  there  was  but 
2 


16      4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

one  way  out  and  that  was  to  turn  to  the  left  by  a  road 
used  to  reach  a  farm  house  near  by.  Before  we  could 
decide  on  any  course  to  pursue  an  orderly  arrived 
from  General  Smith  directing  that  we  halt  until  the 
brigade  came  up.  After  delivering  the  order  he  saw 
the  column  of  rebels  marching  down  the  hill,  and  sup 
posing  they  were  Union  troops,  started  over  to  halt 
them.  I  undertook  to  call  him  back  but  he  simply 
turned  around  and  said  "I  guess  I  know  what  I  am 
about."  Just  as  he  reached  the  woods  a  confederate 
soldier  stepped  out  from  behind  a  tree,  presented  a 
revolver,  and  ordered  him  to  dismount,  which  he  did; 
the  Johnny  mounted  his  horse  and  marched  him  into 
the  woods.  Just  then  General  Crook  came  up  and  in 
quired  what  troops  those  were  on  the  other  side  of  the 
river,  I  answered  that  I  thought  it  was  General  Lee's 
army.  "No"  said  the  general,  "It  must  be  the  Fifth 
Corps ;"  they  were  all  moving  out  by  the  right  flank. 
While  we  were  looking  at  them  we  saw  a  puff  of  smoke 
followed  by  the  boom  of  a  cannon  and  over  the  hill 
came  a  shell ;  the  general  turned  and  rode  away  with 
out  further  remark.  As  soon  as  the  brigade  came  up 
we  turned  to  the  left  into  the  road  and  charged  down 
the  hill  into  the  town  of  Farmville;  it  was  the  only 
thing  we  had  seen  that  looked  like  a  town  for  more 
than  a  year.  To  be  in  a  town  with  houses  on  both  sides 
of  the  street  seemed  strange  to  us  and  we  enjoyed 
riding  through  the  streets. 

While  we  were  waiting  for  orders  one  of  our  boys 
who  had  gone  into  a  house,  looking  for  something  to 
eat,  came  out  with  a  rebel  colonel.  I  asked  him  who 
he  was  and  what  he  was  doing  here.  His  anwser  was, 
"when  I  left  Richmond  I  had  400  men  —  this  morn 
ing  I  had  forty ;  this  is  my  home  —  I  concluded  it  was 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  ijth  O.  V.  C.      17 

no  use  to  go  further;  this  war  is  over  —  we  are 
whipped."  I  sent  him  over  to  headquarters  thinking 
he  might  have  some  information  of  value  to  those  in 
command.  Moved  out  of  Farmville,  halted  for  some 
time,  and  then  started  for  Prospect  Station,  where  we 
arrived  in  the  evening. 

General  Lee  had  sent  an  order  to  the  quarter 
master  at  Lynchburg  to  send  him  300,000  rations  to 
Amelia  Court  House.  The  order  was  intercepted  and 
then  forwarded  and  we  were  on  the  lookout  for  them. 
Two  of  Ouster's  regiments  had  been  sent  around  them 
to  the  south  to  tear  up  the  track  so  they  might  not 
escape.  There  were  four  trains  and  as  they  came  up 
were  stopped  and  an  engineer  wearing  Uncle  Sam's 
uniform  took  charge.  One  of  the  trains  stopped  near  us ; 
of  course  it  was  our  duty  to  find  what  was  in  them — 
they  might  be  full  of  rebel  soldiers  (the  wooden  horse). 
The  first  car  I  saw  opened  was  loaded  with  hams,  good 
country  hams ;  they  were  issued  in  a  hurry,  every  fel 
low  taking  all  he  could  carry.  The  next  day  our  pack 
train  fairly  bristled  with  hams.  This  was  the  best 
capture  we  made.  Many  of  the  cars  were  loaded  with 
stuff  that  was  of  no  use  to  us.  In  one  were  some  very 
fine  confederate  artillery  uniforms,  not  made  in  Ger 
many  but  in  England.  Some  of  the  boys  picked  out 
suits  that  suited  their  fancy,  rolled  them  up  carefully, 
and  strapped  them  on  their  saddles.  I  was  amused  the 
next  day  as  we  were  preparing  to  charge  to  see  some 
of  the  boys  getting  rid  of  their  uniforms,  they  evi 
dently  did  not  care  to  be  captured  with  a  confederate 
uniform  in  their  possession. 

We  were  joined  the  next  morning  by  the  First  and 
Third  divisions.  All  who  had  captured  flags  were 
ordered  to  report  and  some  seventy  reported  and  in 


18      4th  and  5*h  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

columns  of  fours  with  all  the  bands  that  could  be 
found  at  their  head  and  marched  around  in  a  circle.  It 
was  a  beautiful  sight.  They  were  afterwards  sent  to 
Washington,  turned  over  their  flags,  received  a  medal, 
and  most  of  them  received  a  commission  from  the  state 
to  which  they  belonged.  Our  own  Sergeant  Piersoll 
was  among  the  number. 

On  the  afternoon  of  the  8th,  after  considerable 
marching,  we  came  to  the  main  road  leading  from  Ap- 
pomattox  Court  House  to  Lynchburg  and  prepared  to 
resist  any  attempt  of  Lee's  army  to  escape  in  that  di 
rection.  After  dark  we  advanced  on  the  road  toward 
the  Court  House  and  after  working  our  way  carefully 
for  some  time  the  regiment  in  advance  came  on  the 
rebel  picket  and  drove  them  in.  As  we  had  now  gone 
as  far  as  was  prudent,  the  First  Maine,  6th  Ohio,  and 
22nd  New  York  were  dismounted  and  placed  in  line 
facing  Appomattox  Court  House  where  Lee's  army  was 
supposed  to  be.  Our  regiment  was  placed  in  an  open 
field  on  the  extreme  left,  mounted,  with  orders  to  re 
main  in  our  saddles  all  night  and  keep  a  sharp  look 
out.  By  riding  out  a  short  distance  in  front  and  to 
the  left  of  the  line  I  found  we  were  upon  a  high  piece 
of  ground,  and  that  on  our  left  and  front  the  descent 
was  steep  —  too  steep  for  cavalry  to  ride  up  in  line, 
so  I  felt  safe  so  far  as  an  attack  in  the  night  was  con 
cerned.  I  also  thought  they  had  fighting  enough  to  do 
during  the  day  without  starting  one  at  night.  It  was 
now  after  one  o'clock.  I  began  riding  up  and  down 
the  line  simply  to  keep  awake,  for  in  spite  of  all  a 
few  of  the  officers  could  do,  nearly  all  were  fast  asleep 
in  their  saddles.  Before  it  was  fairly  light,  only  light 
enough  to  see  that  on  the  rise  beyond  and  some  dis 
tance  back  was  an  open  piece  of  timber  in  which  we 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C.      19 

could  see  large  numbers  of  men  moving  around.  Soon 
the  bullets  began  to  whistle  over  our  heads  and  we 
knew  that  the  day's  fight  was  begun.  Not  long  after 
daylight  they  advanced  a  line  of  infantry  out  of  the 
woods,  but  for  some  reason  came  but  a  short  distance 
and  after  firing  a  few  shots  fell  back.  They  had  gone 
but  a  few  minutes  until  Captain  Cooper,  who  was  on 
the  extreme  left  of  the  line,  sent  word  that  some  rebel 
cavalry  was  passing  around  our  left,  down  in  the  hol 
low.  I  rode  to  the  left  and  explained  that  we  could 
do  nothing  more  than  report  the  matter  to  General 
Smith,  and  that  I  had  just  received  an  order  from  the 
General  not  to  leave  unless  forced  to  do  so.  While 
we  were  talking  General  Sheridan's  staff  rode  up  and 
halted  a  few  rods  in  the  rear  of  our  lines,  and  after 
looking  for  a  few  minutes,  rode  off  to  the  right. 

We  now  discovered  that  the  rebel  infantry  were 
trying  to  get  a  skirmish  line  around  in  the  hollow, 
which  would  bring  them  quite  near  us ;  but  as  there 
was  nothing  behind  which  they  could  hide  we  made  it 
too  hot  for  them,  and  those  who  were  not  killed  or 
wounded  retreated.  In  our  front  now  there  was  no 
force  in  sight,  but  away  to  our  right  there  was  some 
firing  where  we  supposed  the  first  and  third  divisions 
were.  I  had  got  off  my  horse  to  rest  when  some  one 
called  out  "There  they  come  again,"  and  mounting  up 
I  saw  a  long  line  of  infantry  coming  out  followed 
closely  by  a  second  line.  This  time  they  came  steadily 
on,  firing  as  they  advanced ;  we  returned  the  fire  as 
vigorously  as  possible,  but  did  not  affect  them,  and 
while  but  few  men  were  hit,  our  horses  were  going 
at  a  rapid  rate.  I  gave  the  order  to  retreat  slowly,  and 
at  a  walk  we  moved  back  to  the  woods.  Just  as  we 
started  to  retire  Captain  Cooper  was  mortally  wounded, 


20      4th  a*d  jf/t  Battalions,  and  ijth  O.  F.  C. 

and  died  a  few  hours  later.  We  got  all  our  wounded 
off  the  field.  As  we  came  through  the  strip  of  woods 
into  the  road,  there  came  a  division  of  General  Ord's 
troops  on  the  double  quick.  "Where  are  they  ?"  was  the 
inquiry  made  by  the  commanding  officer.  "Right  in 
your  front,  General."  The  command,  "Front  into  line ! 
Forward !"  was  promptly  given.  As  they  came  out  of 
the  woods  they  gave  a  cheer  and  fired  a  volley  at  the 
advancing  rebels  who  turned  at  once  and  started  back. 
We  now  moved  back  intending  to  reach  our  brigade 
which  was  to  the  right  and  rear  of  the  line  occupied 
in  the  morning.  Just  as  the  head  of  the  column  came 
into  the  road  a  cavalryman,  riding  as  fast  as  his  horse 
could  go,  rode  up  yelling,  "Lee's  surrendered !  Lee's 
surrendered !''  We  formed  line  in  the  woods  —  the 
men  were  told  to  dismount  and  rest.  I  went  forward  to 
the  high  ground  we  had  left  and  found  all  quiet  as, 
far  as  I  could  see.  Soon  I  saw  some  general  officer  and 
staff  riding  towards  Lee's  lines.  They  went  on 
without  being  halted  or  fired  on,  and  I  went  back  sat 
isfied  that  Lee  had  surrendered.  Soon  after  we  could 
hear  cheer  after  cheer  as  the  news  spread  from  one  di 
vision  to  another. 

Thus  ended  one  of  the  most  brilliant  campaigns  of 
die  war,  and  as  some  thought  before  it  begun,  the  last. 
I  remember  hearing  Colonel  Cillie  of  the  First  Maine 
Cavalry  say  in  the  presence  of  several  officers,  "I  think 
this  will  be  the  last  campaign,"  and  General  Smith's 
quick  reply  was:  "Colonel,  this  is  the  fourth  time  I 
have  started  on  the  last  campaign ;"  but  no  one  would 
have  ventured  the  prediction  that  in  twelve  days  from 
that  time  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia  would  be 
turned  out  of  its  entrenched  lines  around  Richmond 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.   V.  C.      21 

and  Petersburg,  broken  up  and  captured,  but  such 
was  the  result. 

General  Lee  has  been  lauded  for  his  humane  con 
duct  in  stopping  the  effusion  of  blood  by  his  surrender ; 
and  while  it  must  be  admitted  that  his  surrender  was 
far-reaching  in  its  effect,  it  is  nevertheless  a  fact  that 
he  only  surrendered  when  he  found  it  utterly  impos 
sible  to  move  further,  and  so  far  as  he  and  his  army 
were  concerned  they  were  in  the  last  ditch.  Every 
effort  to  escape  had  failed.  The  fighting-  went  on  up 
to  the  last  moment  and  it  was  only  when  General 
Ord's  infantry  appeared  on  the  field  in  his  front  and 
Custer's  bugles  were  sounding  the  charge  on  the  other 
side,  that  a  flag  of  truce  was  sent  out.  Had  General 
Lee  allowed  the  fight  to  go  on  for  one  hour  the  few 
thousand  disorganized,  half-starved  men  he  had  left 
down  in  the  hollow  beyond  Appomattox  Court  House 
would  have  been  killed  or  captured. 

From  the  start  Lee's  only  hope  was  that  he  might 
in  some  way  escape  from  General  Grant.  A  young 
lieutenant  who  had  served  on  General  Hill's  staff  said 
to  me  in  conversation  on  this  subject,  "We  thought 
that  when  your  army  got  into  Petersburg  and  Rich 
mond  you  would  stop  and  jollify,"  but  in  this  they 
were  sadly  disappointed.  We  were  with  them  and 
among  them  from  first  to  last,  and  the  continuous 
crack  of  our  carbines  and  miles  of  burning  wagons  was 
to  them  not  only  evidence  of  our  presence  but  of  our 
determination  to  destroy  their  army;  if  they  marched 
all  day  and  all  night  we  did  the  same,  and  turn  which 
ever  way  they  might,  Sheridan  was  on  their  flank  or 
across  their  front. 

It  is  said  that  Grant's  army  was  numerically 
stronger  than  Lee's,  and  the  idea  is  sometimes  conveyed 


22      4th  and  5*h  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

that  it  was  to  this  fact  that  we  owed  our  success  and 
that  Lee  was  simply  overwhelmed.  While  it 
was  true  that  Grant's  army  exceeded  that  of  Lee's 
in  the  aggregate,  so  far.  as  the  numbers  actually  en 
gaged  in  the  various  battles  and  skirmishes  is  con 
cerned,  it  was  not. 

General  Meade's  idea  was  to  bring  up  the  whole 
army  before  striking  a  blow,  and  before  he  was  ready 
they  were  gone.  Sheridan's  order  was  "strike  when 
and  wherever  possible."  Sometimes  as  with  Gregg's 
brigade  at  Farmville,  our  brigade  (Smith's)  in  the 
morning  at  Sailor's  Creek,  and  the  Fourth  New  Jersey 
at  High  Bridge,  we  were  severely  punished,  but  this 
was  to  be  expected  and  in  no  way  dampened  our  ardor. 
Show  us  a  few  covered  wagons  and  we  are  after  them 
without  stopping  to  investigate  what  was  behind  them, 
and  if  we  got  whipped  it  was  all  right.  I  am  aware 
that  it  is  difficult  for  any  army  to  retreat  day  after  day 
and  guard  all  points  so  as  to  prevent  an  active  enemy 
from  finding  its  weak  points,  disrupting  its  lines  and 
whipping  them  in  detail.  Aiter  Lee  left  his  entrenched 
camp  around  Richmond  he  was  given  no  rest.  From 
Amelia  Court  House  Gen.  Sheridan  sent  to  General 
Grant  the  following,  "If  Lee  is  pressed  I  think  he  will 
surrender ;"  he  forwarded  the  same  to  President 
Lincoln  at  City  Point,  who  immediately  returned  the 
answer,  "Let  them  be  pressed." 

The  only  difference  between  surrender,  capture, 
or  the  annihilation  of  Lee's  command  at  Appomattox 
Court  House  was  simply  one  of  an  hour. 

The  destruction  of  Lee's  army  was  only  accom 
plished  by  constant  marching  and  fighting ;  we  were 
so  continuously  on  the  move  that  sleep  was  almost  im 
possible;  the  men  slept  in  their  saddles.  At  Sailor's 


RICHARD  TAGGART, 

Company    C,    5th   Independent   Battalion  and   Second   Lieutenant   Com 
pany  B,  13th  O.  V.  C. 


SILAS  W.  CANAGA, 
Company  C,  5th  Ind.  Battalion  and  Company  B,  13th  O.  V.  C. 


4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C.      2S 

Creek,  while  standing  mounted,  although  they  had 
been  quiet  but  a  few  minutes  and  fighting  was 
going  on  in  our  front  and  on  our  right,  many 
were  asleep.  As  I  rode  up  the  line  to  start,  I  saw  Cap 
tain  Bob  Campbell  shaking  a  boy  saying,  "Wake  up 
here;  you  will  ruin  the  reputation  of  this  regiment." 
"I  don't  care,"  said  the  poor  boy,  rubbing  his  eyes.  "It 
is  too  darned  good  now." 

We  were  fighting  Lee's  veterans,  the  flower  of  the 
Confederate  army ;  many  of  them  Virginians,  fighting 
as  men  only  fight  for  their  homes,  and  though  hope  had 
almost  gone  they  were  willing  to  fight  to  the  very  last. 

If  further  evidence  was  wanting  that  this  campaign 
was  bitterly  contested  from  beginning  to  end,  it  is 
found  in  the  fact  that  twenty-five  per  cent,  of  our  bri 
gade  were  absent  at  its  close;  of  this  number  many 
had  answered  their  last  roll  call,  others  were  dying 
from  wounds,  many  had  lost  an  arm  or  a  leg,  while 
others  less  severely  wounded  were  on  their  way  back 
to  the  North,  a  few  had  been  captured. 

That  ever-memorable  Qth  of  April,  1865,  brought 
untold  joy  to  the  tired  and  worn  Army  of  the  Potomac. 
Lee  had  surrendered.  Sherman  had  cut  the  Confeder 
acy  in  two  and  was  marching  up  through  the  Carolinas 
sweeping  everything  before  him.  It  was  evident  to  all 
that  the  war  was  over. 

In  the  midst  of  all  the  rejoicing  there  was  sadness 
and  sorrow  in  our  regiment.  The  last  blow  fell  heavily 
on  us.  The  last  officer  killed  was  one  universally  loved 
and  respected  —  Captain  Ed.  Cooper  of  Company  B. 
I  knew  him  in  the  old  Fifth  Battalion  and  at 
the  organization  of  the  I3th  Regiment  he  be 
came  my  second  lieutenant,  so  I  knew  him  in 
timately  as  an  officer  and  a  man ;  and  as  I  look 


24      4*h  and  5th  Battalions,  and  ijth  O.  V.  C. 

back  to-day  I  recall  nothing  that  was  objectionable  in 
his  character  or  conduct.  He  was  naturally  quiet,  said 
but  little,  yet  when  occasion  required  could  say  all 
that  was  necessary.  He  was  kind  and  thoughtful  of 
.all  under  his  command  and  was  recognized  by  both 
officers  and  men  as  a  faithful  and  capable  officer.  He 
was  a  brave,  conscientious  man.  During  the  fight  at 
Dinwiddie  Court  House,  about  the  middle  of  the  after 
noon  I  saw  him  leaning  up  against  a  tree  looking  very 
pale  and  I  rode  up  to  him  and  asked,  "Ed,  what's  the 
matter?"  "I'm  hit,"  was  his  answer.  "Then  go  to  the 
rear,"  and  I  saw  him  start  back.  Some  thirty  minutes 
later  to  my  surprise  I  saw  him  coming  back  and  in 
quired,  "Why  did  you  come  back?"  His  explanation 
was  that  he  had  been  hit  on  the  left  shoulder  by  a  spent 
ball,  and  while  painful,  was  not  dangerous.  The  sur 
geon  had  dressed  the  wound  and  he  thought  he  would 
come  back.  The  question  in  my  mind  was  and  is,  how 
many  even  brave  men  are  there  who  if  once  honorably 
out  of  that  hell-hole  would  have  deliberately  walked 
back  into  it,  as  Captain  Cooper  did  ?  His  older  brother 
was  killed  in  the  very  beginning  of  the  war,  down  in 
West  Virginia;  his  brother,  Charlie  Cooper,  of  Com 
pany  B  of  our  regiment,  lost  an  arm  at  Sailor's  Creek, 
and  Captain  Cooper  was  killed  two  days  later  at  Ap- 
pomattox. 

Captain  Benj.  F.  Metcalf  had  been  with  the  regi 
ment  from  its  organization  and  his  rapid  promotion 
was  a  recognition  of  his  fitness  for  his  responsible 
position.  I  found  him  a  most  efficient  officer.  During 
the  engagement  at  Dinwiddie  Court  House  I  could  not 
but  appreciate  his  coolness  and  braveness  under  most 
trying  circumstances.  His  self-control  gave  him  the 
confidence  of  his  men  and  his  watchfulness  never 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i^th  O.  V .  C.      25 

ceased,  until  near  the  close  of  the  fight  he  fell  at  his 
post.  It  was  the  highest  tribute  to  his  personal  char 
acter,  that  those  who  knew  him  best  esteemed  and  ap 
preciated  him  most  and  remember  him  as  at  all  times 
a  Christian  gentleman.  We  cannot  overcome  the  re 
gret  that  so  near  the  end  of  the  conflict  these  two  brave 
officers  must  answer  the  last  roll  call ;  but  they  had  ac 
cepted  the  call  of  their  country  as  the  call  of  God,  and 

"How  can  a  man  die  better  than  facing  fearful  odds. 
For  the  ashes  of  his  fathers  and  the  altars  of  his  gods?" 

If  I  should  attempt  to  give  personal  recognition 
to  each  one  who  made  possible  a  regimental  history 
of  which  we  are  justly  proud,  I  would  tell  you  of 
faithful  officers  on  whom  I  could  always  depend  and 
they  would  not  fail  to  recall  obedience  born  of  a  love 
for  the  old  flag  and  a  willingness  to  follow  wherever 
it  led.  It  was  a  privilege  to  have  borne  any  part  in 
the  preservation  of  a  united  country ;  it  was  a  privilege 
to  have  been  a  member  of  the  I3th,  and  I  would  ask 
no  higher  honor  than  to  have  led  so  gallant,  loyal,  and 
faithful  a  body  of  soldiers.  To  each  and  every  officer 
I  would  acknowledge  my  appreciation  of  your  co 
operation  and  no  less  would  I  thank  each  man  of  the 
regiment  that  his  individual  fidelity  made  victory  pos 
sible.  We  came  back  to  Ohio  with  ranks  that  were 
thinned,  and  each  year  the  names  of  those  who  have 
answered  the  last  summons  remind  us  that  our  num 
bers  are  growing  less,  but  even  these  separations  have 
not  destroyed,  or  even  interrupted,  the  bonds  that  unite 
us,  and  with  grateful  and  loving  remembrance  of  the 
ones  who  are  gone  let  us  give  loyal  service  to  the 
country  they  died  to  save,  and  the  God  who  guided 
us  to  victory. 


A  TRIBUTE  TO  LIEUT*  JAMES  K.  PEIRSOL. 


James  K.  Peirsol  was  born  September  21,  1843,  m 
Beaver  County,  Pennsylvania.  His  ancestors  were 
among  the  earliest  settlers  of  Pennsylvania  after  the 
grant  to  William  Penn.  One  of  them  purchased  land 
in  Chester  County  as  early  as  1718,  which  was  in  the 
family  name  and  owned  by  some  of  the  kindred  as  late 
as  1884.  James  K.  Peirsol's  great-grandfather  moved 
to  Weston,  Pa.,  while  Pittsburg  was  still  a  small  vil 
lage,  and  was  killed  by  the  Indians  in  one  of  their  fo 
rays  upon  the  frontier  settlers. 

During  the  first  years  of  the  War  of  Rebellion, 
James  K.  Peirsol,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  at 
tending  college  at  Mount  Union,  Ohio,  during  the 
summer  months,  and  teaching  "Deestrict"  school  dur 
ing  the  winters.  After  the  disastrous  Peninsular 
Campaign  of  McClelland,  in  1862,  "Emergency  Men" 
were  called  for,  and  James  K.  Peirsol  was  among  the 
first  to  enlist  in  a  company  of  college  students  under 
the  leadership  of  one  of  the  older  students,  and  served 
three  months  in  the  mountains  of  West  Virginia,  tak 
ing  part  in  all  the  movements  of  the  86  O.  V.  L,  of 
which  they  were  members.  At  the  expiration  of  said 
service,  Peirsol  returned  to  school,  developing  his  mind 
and  muscles,  but  the  war  drums  kept  steadily  beating, 
calling  the  brave  to  come  forward  to  the  help  of  the 
Nation.  The  blood  of  Peirsol  was  again  stirred,  and 
he  enlisted,  February,  1864,  in  Company  "F,"  I3th 
Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry,  as  a  private,  and  was  at  once 

promoted  to  Sergeant. 

(26) 


4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C.      27 

December  24,  1864,  the  I3th  joined  to  3d  Brigade, 
2d  Div.,  (Gregg's)  Cavalry  Corps,  when  it  took  up 
the  duty  of  picketing  and  scouting  on  the  left  of  the 
army  of  the  Potomac  going  on  the  movement  made 
on  the  South  Side  R.  R.,  and  taking  part  in  the  battles 
of  Stony  Creek  and  Hatcher's  Run,  February  5-7, 
1865.  March  25,  1865,  was  under  fire,  dismounted, 
helping  reform  our  line  when  broken  by  Lee  at  Fort 
Steadman,  and  again  engaged  at  Dinwiddie  C.  H., 
March  31,  losing  heavily,  and  Five  Forks,  April  I ; 
then  skirmishing,  riding,  and  countering  the  movements 
of  Lee's  advance  until  the  afternoon  of  the  fifth  of 
April,  when  near  Farm's  Cross  Roads,  Gen.  Davies' 
brigade  having  captured  a  wagon  train  and  a  battery  of 
artillery,  the  enemy  made  desperate  efforts  to  retake 
the  battery  and  pressed  the  little  brigade  so  hard  that 
the  3d  brigade  (Smith's)  went  to  his  assistance.  The 
enemy  continued  to  push  this  combined  force  back  to 
wards  Jetersville,  when  the  I3th  was  ordered  to  make 
a  sabre  charge.  The  rebel  cavalry  were  in  line,  advanc 
ing  through  an  open  field,  their  left  on  the  wagon  road 
that  ran  parallel  with  the  Richmond  &  Danville  R.  R., 
their  right  well  up  towards  Flat  Creek,  a  tributary  of 
Appomattox  river,  while  their  infantry  was  coming 
down  from  the  direction  of  Amelia  C.  H.  The  I3th 
deployed  into  the  open,  its  right  flank  moving  down 
the  wagon  road.  Sergeant  Peirsol  was  at  this  time 
acting  Sergeant-Major,  and  was  on  the  right.  Amid 
a  dropping  of  bullets  and  yells  of  the  enemy,  Col. 
Clark's  ringing  voice  was  heard,  "Draw  sabres !  For 
ward,  1 3th,  charge!"  With  a  cheer,  the  boys  dashed 
at  the  rebel  line,  bearing  it  back  into  and  beyond 
a  piece  of  wood  from  which  it  had  just  emerged.  Sev 
eral  rallies  were  made  by  the  enemy,  but  the  I3th  with 


28      4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

sabre  and  pistol  pressed  on  the  disorganized  line,  cap 
turing  and  running  down  many  of  them.  Sergeant 
Peirsol,  while  getting  through  the  timber,  captured  a 
"Johnny"  and  sent  him  to  the  rear,  then  seeing  a 
group  of  the  enemy,  one  of  whom  carried  their  battle 
flag,  fleeing  over  a  fence  and  up  a  hill,  Peirsol,  to 
gether  with  three  other  comrades,  started  after  them. 
Two  of  the  Union  men  could  not  keep  up  the  pace  and 
fell  behind.  The  other,  a  Sergeant  of  Company  B%, 
1 3th  O.  V.  C.,  (whose  name  the  writer  does  not  re 
member)  lost  control  of  his  horse  in  jumping  the 
fence  that  the  rebels  had  just  cleared.  This  left  the 
field  to  Sergeant  Peirsol,  except  that  Hiram  Platt,  a 
Lieutenant  in  a  Pennsylvania  regiment,  had  obliqued 
over  from  the  wagon  road  near  by  and  joined  the 
chase.  They  each  got  over  the  fence  all  right  and 
dashed  on  after  the  rebels,  who,  observing  their  infan 
try  coming  to  their  aid,  halted.  Sergeant  Peirsol  was 
now  almost  alongside  the  flag-bearer,  and  as  he 
dashed  up  the  hill  the  group  of  rebels  was  yet  in  great 
confusion  and  did  not  seem  to  realize  that  a  "Yankee" 
was  so  near.  A  sharp,  quick,  decisive  encouter  be 
tween  Sergeant  Peirsol  and  the  flag-bearer  ensued, 
and  in  less  time  than  it  takes  to  tell  it,  the  flag  of  the 
2d  Alabama  Cavalry  was  in  the  hands  of  Peirsol,  who, 
shaking  it  at  the  enemy  with  a  yell,  spurred  his  horse 
down  the  hill  to  gain  the  cover  of  the  woods,  before 
an  attempt  was  made  to  re-capture  the  flag.  The  con 
fusion  and  excitement  of  the  rebels  was  so  great  that, 
although  a  lively  fusilade  was  kept  up,  they  all  missed 
Peirsol,  and  he  got  safely  away. 

The  next  day,  April  6,  at  Sailor  Creek,  the  I3th 
made  a  charge,  capturing  and  burning  a  wagon  train. 
In  returning  to  our  lines,  Sergeant  Peirsol  with  about 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i^th  O.  V.  C.      29 

fifteen  others  became  separated  from  the  balance  of  the 
regiment,  and  after  riding  some  distance,  discovered 
from  the  crest  of  a  hill  that  a  rebel  line  was  moving  to 
get  between  them  and  their  command.  Peirsol,  with 
the  others,  started  to  make  a  run  for  their  lives  and 
liberty  and  he,  with  four  others,  got  out  safely. 

On  the  7th,  at  High  Bridge,  in  a  mounted  charge 
made  by  the  I3th  on  a  line  of  infantry,  Peirsol  was 
struck  by  a  minnie  ball,  which  cut  a  furrow  across  his 
abdomen,  but  fortunately  did  not  cut  the  inner  mem 
brane.  Though  the  wound  was  painful,  it  did  not  dis 
able  him  and  he  kept  with  the  regiment  and  partici 
pated  in  its  rapid  march  on  the  8th  to  head  the  rebels 
off  at  Appomattox  Station,  and  also  took  part  in  the 
all-night  vigil  on  the  picket  line,  which  ended  in  fight 
ing  at  dawn  of  day  and  culminated  in  a  charge  about 
10  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  9th  at  Appomattox  C. 
H.,  where  Capt.  Edward  Cooper  was  killed,  probably 
being  the  last  man,  certainly  the  last  officer,  killed  in 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  The  regiment  was  forced 
back  by  General  Gordon's  Infantry,  but  reformed  at 
once  and  started  forward  again,  when  the  white  flag 
appeared  and  Lee  had  surrendered. 

Sergeant  Peirsol  was  ordered  to  Washington,  D. 
C.,  and  turned  over  the  flag  he  had  captured  to  Secre 
tary  of  War  Stanton,  for  which  he  received  a  medal  of 
honor.  Gov.  Brough,  of  Ohio,  was  present,  shook 
hands  with  Sergeant  Peirsol,  congratulating  and  com 
mending  him,  and  afterward  sent  him  a  commission  as 
ist  Lieutenant.  Lieut.  Peirsol  was  mustered  out  at 
Amelia  C.  H.,  Va.,  July  4,  1865,  after  which  he  was 
married  to  Miss  Mettie  Cope,  of  Mt.  Union,  Ohio,  and 
moved  to  a  cross  roads  about  five  miles  west  of  Bak- 
erstown,  Pa.,  and  started  a  little  store,  and  while 


30      4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  ijth  O.  V.  C. 

waiting  for  customers  studied  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  bar  and  settled  at  New  Brighton,  Pa.,  where  he 
practiced  his  profession  until  after  his  wife  died.  His 
health  failing,  he  moved  with  his  family  of  two  boys 
and  two  girls  to  Oakland,  Cal.,  thence  to  Fort  Bragg, 
Cal.,  where  he  now  resides,  an  honor  to  himself  and 
his  brave  comrades. 

One  more  little  incident  of  Sergeant  Peirsol :  As 
the  line  of  battle  of  the  I3th  O.  V.  C.  advanced  on  the 
enemy  at  Cold  Harbor,  Company  F  passed  through  a 
farm  yard  and  tumbled  over  a  litter  of  pigs  in  a  pile 
of  leaves.  The  old  sow  dashed  away  with  a  "whoof ! 
whoof !" ;  the  little  pigs  about  a  week  old  scattered  in 
all  directions  The  bullets  were  zipping  and  knocking 
the  dirt  about,  when  a  pig  rushed  by  Sergeant  Peirsol, 
who  grabbed  the  little  porker,  and  while  on  the  run 
pushed  it  down  into  his  haversack  and  ended  its  career 
then  and  there.  That  night,  after  the  battle  had  closed 
in  our  front,  the  writer  helped  devour  the  squealer, 
while  listening  to  the  sound  of  the  heavy  fighting  on 
our  right. 

HOWARD  ASTON. 


JOHN    BAILIS, 
Company  A,   13th   Regiment,    ().   V.   C' 


THOMAS    F.    JONES, 

Company    FT,   K5th   O.   V.    [.,    Company  A,   oth    Ind.    Battalion   O.   V.   C. 
and   Company    F,   133d   O.   V.    I. 


SKETCH  OF  THE  SERVICES  OF  THE  FOURTH 

INDEPENDENT  BATTALION  OHIO 

VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


DAYTON,  OHIO,  December  5,  1902. 
Mr.  Howard  Aston,  Zanesville,  Ohio. 

MY  DEAR  SIR  :  —  I  got  only  now,  and  read  with 
great  interest,  your  history  and  roster  of  the  I3th  Ohio 
Cavalry  and  the  rosters  of  the  4th  and  5th  Independent 
Battalions.  You  ask  me  to  write  a  brief  sketch  of  the 
history  of  the  4th  Independent  Battalion.  I  have  not 
the  facts  at  command  nor  distinctly  from  memory,  after 
the  lapse  of  nearly  forty  years,  to  give  the  data  which 
would  constitute  what  you  might  call  a  sketch.  The 
brilliant  and  startling  experiences  of  the  I3th  Cavalry 
make  us  ashamed  to  attempt  to  narrate  our  military 
record,  though  it  was  a  record  when  it  ended,  that 
none  of  us  felt  ashamed  of. 

We  went  into  the  army  when  the  war  was  at  its 
height,  for  the  week  we  enlisted,  in  July,  1863,  Gettys 
burg  was  fought  and  Vicksburg  fell.  In  the  few 
weeks  before  these  events,  the  stress  for  troops  was  so 
urgent  that  the  Government  made  a  call  on  the  North 
ern  governors  for  one  hundred  thousand  volunteers 
for  six  months.  The  4th  and  5th  Ohio  Independent 
Battalions  of  Cavalry  were  hastily  recruited  under 
that  call.  Of  the  4th  Battalion,  Company  A  was  raised 
in  Cincinnati  by  Wheeler  and  Granin,  the  former  soon 
being  appointed  and  remaining  Major  and  in  command 
of  the  Battalion  during  its  service;  and  Granin  re- 

3  (31) 


32      flh  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

maining  Captain  of  Company  A.  Company  B  was 
raised  by  Captain  Winder  of  Dayton;  a  large  propor 
tion  of  its  rank  and  file  were  boys  from  school.  Com 
panies  C  and  D,  both,  I  think,  came  from  the  country 
and  in  the  neighborhood  of  West  Union;  and  Com 
pany  E,  I  think,  largely  from  Cincinnati.  Our  bat 
talion  was  gathered  together,  mustered  and  drilled  at 
Camp  Dennison ;  but  before  we  were  completely  or 
ganized,  Morgan  crossed  the  Ohio  river  and  we  were 
sent  in  great  haste  to  Cincinnati,  where  we  were  fur 
nished  our  horses  and  horse  equipments,  and  were 
rushed  out  in  pursuit  of  Morgan.  We  followed  him 
close  enough  to  take  a  number  of  prisoners  but  our 
chase  did  not  last  much  longer  than  a  week.  It  is  a 
pity  that  no  man  has  ever  been  able  to  intelligently 
describe  the  confusion  and  sights  in  that  Morgan  raid. 

Our  battalion  then  returned  to  Camp  Dennison  for 
drill  and  discipline  until  in  September,  when  it  was 
rendezvoused  at  Covington,  Ky.,  and  marched  then 
across  the  state  to  Cumberland  Gap.  I  remember  the 
women  in  the  streets  of  Lexington,  Ky.,  crowding 
about  us  and  shouting  "Chickamauga."  We  asked 
each  other  where  and  what  is  Chickamauga?  They 
were  rejoicing  over  what  they  were  told  was  a  great 
rebel  victory,  and  they  were  nearer  right,  we  have  since 
learned,  than  they  even  knew. 

At  Cumberland  Gap,  our  regiment  was  immediately 
sent  up  the  Virginia  valley  and  had  its  first  running 
skirmish  with  the  enemy.  We  killed  and  took  the 
first  rebel  soldiers  that  we  met  in  the  valley,  but  at 
no  loss  to  ourselves  at  the  time.  In  the  months  fol 
lowing,  the  battalion  saw  severe  service,  and  cleared 
and  occupied  a  district  of  rebel  territory  extending 
from  the  Gap  to  Jonesboro,  Va.  Its  greatest  value 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C.      33 

was  the  large  quantities  of  corn,  meat  and  supplies, 
which  our  regiment  brought  into  the  starvation  camp 
at  Cumberland  Gap  every  few  days.  This  was  fol 
lowed  by  hard  and  active  service,  with  some  skirmish 
ing,  in  attempting  to  protect  the  lines  of  supply  from 
Cumberland  Gap  to  Knoxville  and  in  the  region  of  the 
Holston  river  in  Tennessee.  In  these  raids  into  the 
enemy's  country  we  were  hotly  pursued  and  lost  not 
a  few  prisoners;  indeed,  it  was  often  known  that  a 
broken  down  horse  meant  Andersonville  for  his  rider. 
When  Longstreet  came  into  Eastern  Tennessee  our 
battalion  was  sent  into  the  fortifications  on  the  tops  of 
the  mountains  about  Cumberland  Gap,  where  it  lost 
nearly  all  its  horses  from  starvation ;  and  the  battalion 
went  back,  nearly  all  on  foot,  to  Big  Hill,  Ky.,  where 
it  went  in  camp.  Our  places  were  taken  by  an  Illinois 
regiment  of  cavalry,  who  got  the  reception  which  Gen 
eral  Lee  had  prepared  for  us.  He  had  detached  a 
small  brigade  of  infantry  who  surrounded  this  Illinois 
cavalry,  and  nobody  came  back  to  tell  the  story.  After 
a  hard  fight,  the  bulk  of  them  went  as  prisoners  to  An 
dersonville,  and  McElvain,  one  of  their  number,  in  his 
most  interesting  book,  has  told  the  story  of  prison  life 
there. 

During  the  cold  weeks  preceding  and  after  January, 
1864,  our  regiment  was  in  camp  at  Richmond,  Ky. 
We  were  mustered  out,  I  think,  at  Camp  Chase,  but  a 
number  of  our  battalion,  myself  among  the  number,  at 
Cincinnati. 

Very  truly, 

ALFRED  A.  THOMAS, 
Cos.  B  and  E,  4th  Ind.  Bait.,  O.  V.  C. 


THE  FIFTH  INDEPENDENT  BATTALION 
OHIO  VOLUNTEER  CAVALRY. 


That  splendid  regiment  of  Cavalry,  the  I3th  Ohio, 
which  from  Petersburg  to  Appomattox,  made  a  record 
most  glorious,  had  in  part  for  its  nucleus  organization 
the  4th  and  5th  Independent  Battalions  of  Ohio  Volun 
teer  Cavalry.  Called  into  being  by  the  temptation  of 
short  time  enlistment,  these  Battalions  of  hastily  or 
ganized  troops  learned  well  the  art  of  war,  along  pre 
paratory  lines;  so  well,  indeed,  that  they  gave  to  the 
gallant  I3th  the  type  of  a  veteran  organization  at  once, 
and  as  if  to  the  manner  born.  Of  these  Battalions 
the  writer  was  mustered  with  the  5th,  and  it  shall  ever 
be  to  him  a  source  of  pride  that  he  was  thus  associated 
with  the  deathless  fame  of  the  I3th,  and  a  source  of 
sorrow  that  he  did  not  bear  with  it  its  days  of  glorious 
stress  and  battle.  After  much  of  vexatious  and  annoy 
ing  uncertainty  as  to  the  intentions  of  the  Government 
in  regard  to  the  proposed  battalions,  in  August,  1863, 
four  companies  were  finally  rendezvoused  at  Camp 
Todd,  a  quickly  organized  and  laid  out  cavalry  camp 
located  in  the  woodlands  along  the  Scioto,  adjacent  to 
the  present  grounds  of  the  Ohio  State  Hospital  for  in 
sane.  Here  the  Battalion  was  organized,  drilled, 
armed  and  mounted,  to  place  it  upon  a  war  footing. 
Major  John  F.  I  jams  was  appointed  to  the  command, 
and  the  Companies  A,  B,  C  and  D,  had  for  their  cap 
tains  Michael  Halm,  William  H.  Garrett,  John  N. 
Cherry  and  James  B.  Rusk,  respectively.  With  mounts 

(34) 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  ijth  O.  V.  C.      35 

taken  from  those  captured  from  John  Morgan's  raiders, 
animals  that  ranged  from  sorry  nag  to  noble  beast  of 
kindly  Kentucky  pedigree,  we  began  our  drills,  and 
the  memories  of  those  sore,  sad  days  "haunt  me  still." 
"B"  Company,  Captain  Garrett,  had  been  under  arms 
during  the  raid  as  infantry  and  had  narrowly  escaped 
impressment  into  the  i2Qth  Infantry  at  Cleveland, 
Ohio,  when  the  government  hesitated  to  purchase 
horses  for  our  mounts.  So  John  Morgan  came  along 
very  opportunely,  and  gathered  together  the  horses 
that  made  us  be  born  again  into  fullfledged  cavalrymen. 

Our  camp,  under  the  leafy  oaks,  was  more  romantic 
than  comfortable.  Our  tents  were  tepees  of  the  round 
Indian  style.  We  were  packed  a  dozen  in  a  tent,  our 
heels  to  the  center,  our  heads  upon  our  saddle  pillows, 
and  our  noses  at  night  gently  pressing  the  smoke- 
stained  canvass,  while  the  frequent  summer  rains  added 
to  our  troubles.  Columbus  and  Franklin  county  fur 
nished  a  goodly  percentage  of  our  members,  including 
I  jams'  and  Rusk's  butcher  boys  of  A  and  D  Companies. 
The  remaining  recruits,  however,  singular  to  say,  had 
representatives  from  twenty-eight  Ohio  counties ;  and 
there  were,  also,  two  ex-Confederates.  We  were  a 
veritable  Cossack  battalion  —  the  Cossacks  of  the  Sci- 
oto.  We  had  neither  a  commissioned  quartermaster 
nor  chaplain,  and  our  colors  were  not  uncased.  The 
proximity  of  the  homes  of  many  of  the  men  gave  a 
good  deal  of  company,  and  the  lively  spirits  of  more 
than  two  score  of  youngsters  of  sixteen  years,  who  had 
been  smuggled  into  the  ranks  at  the  muster-in,  gave 
us  a  freedom  from  monotony  that  was  agreeable. 

In  the  autumn  of  '63  there  were  two  great  days  for 
the  5th ;  first,  a  parade,  mounted,  at  the  Franklin 
County  Fair ;  second,  the  final  march  down  High  Street 


36      4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

for  the  front.  The  front  to  us  was  doomed  to  be  the 
wild  hills  and  vales  of  eastern  Kentucky,  where  the 
Tollivers,  the  Howards,  John  T.  Williams,  Greenwade, 
and  many  a  bold  bushranger  of  local  renown,  had  their 
stamping  grounds.  They  were  free  rangers  of  the 
free  forest,  who  preferred  death  with  their  boots  on 
to  any  surrender  of  their  mooted  rights. 

Leaving  Columbus  by  rail  for  Cincinnati,  our  first 
taste  of  war  was  had  in  the  Queen  City,  where  we  slept 
upon  piled  railway  iron  to  prevent  our  horses  from 
trampling  us,  and  to  await  the  dawn  of  day.  From 
the  railway  yards  we  were  dumped  aboard  an  up  river 
boat,  and  landed  at  Maysville,  Ky.,  after  a  sleep  upon 
the  guards  of  the  boat.  We  resented  this,  and  when 
the  ''bummers"  mess  of  "B"  spread  their  first  "colla 
tion"  near  Poplar  Plains,  Ky.,  their  napery  and  silver 
ware  bore  the  stamp  of  this  unfortunate  boat.  We 
made  camp  for  a  week  near  Maysville  in  an  open  com 
mon  that  had  been  previously  occupied  by  the  Tenth 
Kentucky  Mounted  Infantry.  From  them  we  inher 
ited  not  only  the  camp  site,  but  a  large  colony  of  bugs 
of  the  grayback  variety,  who  met  us  as  long  lost  broth 
ers,  and  never  left  us  so  long  as  we  wore  the  army 
blue.  From  Maysville  we  were  sent  to  Fleming 
county  and  were  divided.  Headquarters  was  estab 
lished  at  Flemingsburg,  a  handsome  county  capital  in 
the  Blue  Grass  country.  A  and  D  Companies  went 
into  camp  here,  and  a  post  hospital  was  located  in 
the  town.  C  and  B  Companies,  under  command  of 
Captain  Garrett  proceeded  eastward  into  the  hills  and 
made  camp  near  Plummer's  Mill,  slightly  fortifying 
their  position.  From  these  two  points  of  vantage,  the 
Battalion  patrolled  a  wild  almost  inaccessible  mountain 
region  of  five  counties,  extending  from  Morehead,  in 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i^th  O.  V .  C.      37 

Rowan  county,  to  Hazel  Green,  in  Wolfe,  displacing 
a  full  regiment  of  ten  companies.  Our  duty  required 
such  constant  and  arduous  movement  of  a  portion  of 
the  force  that  it  gave  to  the  troops  an  average  of 
twenty-four  hours  guard,  in  forty-eight.  A  detach 
ment  of  the  troops  was  continually  kept  afield  moving 
from  point  to  point  in  the  district  mentioned,  main 
taining  strict  surveillance  of  the  guerrillas  and  bush 
rangers  who  threatened  the  borderland  with  their  raids. 
Near  ninety  of  the  mountain  men  were  picked  up  and 
sent  to  the  gunboats  at  Cincinnati.  This  police  and 
vidette  duty,  although  of  great  importance  to  the 
safety  and  protection  of  the  left  wing  of  our  armies 
operating  in  Kentucky  and  Tennessee,  gave  us  little 
glory  and  less  view  of  the  pomp  and  circumstances  of 
war.  Our  clashes  with  the  bushwhackers,  although 
frequent  and  sometimes  exciting,  were  generally  blood 
less,  as  your  man  of  the  bush,  when  he  did  not  surren 
der,  made  good  speed  to  his  hill  hiding  places.  Not 
withstanding  we  were  engaged  with  many  of  the  most 
prominent  leaders  of  the  guerrillas  of  eastern  Ken 
tucky,  the  battalion  suffered  little  loss.  Up  to  Febru 
ary,  1864,  Rigdon  Elliott,  our  first  offering  and  blood 
baptism,  was  killed.  Wogan,  Nighthardt,  Straw- 
bridge,  Scheibles  and  Emmich,  were  wounded;  three 
others  were  captured,  and  paroled  by  guerrillas ;  three, 
including  Lieutenant  Jack  Cade,  were  accidentally 
wounded,  and  two  horses  killed  by  accident.  Much  to 
the  sorrow  of  the  Battalion,  we  became  too  popular 
both  with  the  Kentuckians  and  Gen.  Boyle,  command 
ing  department  of  Ohio,  for  whenever  an  order  would 
issue  that  promised  to  send  us  to  a  more  active 
scene  of  hostility,  the  "vox  populi"  would  be  heard 
urging  our  retention.  General  Boyle  would  hestitate, 


38      4*h  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

then  a  countermand  would  issue,  and  our  hopes  for 
glory  would  fade.  In  one  instance  we  were  saddled 
up  ready  to  march  for  Cumberland  Gap  to  re-enforce 
General  Morgan's  Command  "bottled  up"  there,  when 
the  countermand  came.  Perhaps  we  should  not  grum 
ble  at  this,  for  it  is  very  certain  that  had  we  proceeded 
as  intended,  the  5th  Battalion  would  have  been  either 
angels  or  prisoners,  for  the  "Confeds"  who  surrounded 
Morgan  were  veterans  and  in  such  numbers  that  our 
force  would  simply  have  run  into  a  hornet's  nest  with 
out  hope  of  escape.  In  the  late  autumn  B  and  C  Com 
panies  fell  back  to  Popular  Plains  and  there  we  win 
tered,  keeping  up  both  scout  and  camp  duties  in  quar 
ters  that  were  illy  provided  for  the  rigors  of  the  climate. 
The  night  of  December  31,  1863,  we  passed  through 
the  cold  that  ushered  in  "the  cold  New  Years."  The 
thermometer  dropped  to  25  degrees  below  zero,  and 
with  difficulty  the  troops  were  saved  from  freezing. 
If  you  have  not  read  Lloyd's  "Stringtown  on  the  Pike," 
do  so,  and  turning  to  the  chapter  that  describes  this 
storm  and  season  of  low  temperature,  please  note  if 
there  be  not  other  horrors  of  war  than  such  as  the 
"Mine"  at  Petersburg.  Two  soldiers  on  duty  were 
frozen  to  death  at  Mount  Sterling  below  us,  and  all 
in  all  the  experience  was  one  not  soon  to  be  forgotten. 
During  the  early  winter  recruiting  for  the  new  I3th 
O.  V.  C.  began,  and  in  January  the  boys  who  re-enlisted 
were  furloughed  home  for  thirty  days. 


A/3, 


CHARLES   T.    YOUNG, 

Sergeant   Company   C,   oth   Ind.    Battalion,    Lieutenant   Company    15   an< 
Captain  Company  C,   13th  ().   V.   C. 


LEVI    B.    LEEDY, 
Company    D,    13th   O.    V.    C. 


JOTTINGS  FROM  THE  DIARY  OF  HOWARD 

ASTON,  RELATING  TO  SERVICE  IN  FIFTH 

INDEPENDENT  BATTALION  O.  V.  L 


Having  served  eight  months  in  Company  E,  97th 
O.  V.  I.  Infantry  and  being  discharged  therefrom 
March,  1863,  on  account  of  heart  disease,  and  the 
drums  still  beating  the  call  to  arms,  and  concluding 
that  if  I  could  not  walk  I  could  ride,  so  re-enlisted  July 
3,  1863,  in  Company  D,  5th  Independent  Battalion 
Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry.  Was  sent  at  once  to  Camp 
Chase,  Ohio,  and  after  a  few  days  was  ordered  to 
Camp  Tod,  on  the  Scioto  river  northwest  of  Colum 
bus,  O.  Here  I  took  charge  of  the  recruits  coming  in 
for  the  Battalion.  I  was  commander,  orderly,  quar 
termaster,  commissary  and  cook,  all  at  the  same  time. 
Part  of  the  time  I  cooked  for  over  eighty  men  —  and 
how  tired  I  did  get.  The  dishes,  kettles  and  mess 
pans  had  to  be  washed  after  each  meal,  for  the  recruits 
were  very  particular.  They  got  over  that.  I  drilled 
the  men  four  hours  each  day,  thus  my  time  was  well 
taken  up.  About  once  a  week  Lieut.  Roberts  would 
come  out  to  see  how  we  were  prospering.  Company 
A  had  been  mustered  in  July  9,  1863,  and  had  made  a 
very  creditable  record  during  the  "Morgan  raid." 
Companies  B  and  C  were  mustered  in  August  18  and 
20,  and  August  27  we  elected  the  following  officers  : 
James  B.  Rusk,  Captain;  John  Nelson,  ist  Lieutenant, 
and  Thomas  E.  Roberts,  2nd  Lieutenant,  and  on  Sep 
tember  2,  1863,  Company  D  was  mustered  in.  We 

(39) 


40      fth  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

had  drawn  our  horses  August  28.  Mine  was  a  beauti 
ful  little  black,  which  I  at  once  named  "Charming 
Billie."  On  August  29,  I  was  promoted  to  3d  Cor 
poral.  It  seemed  to  me  a  meager  recompense  for  all 
I  had  done  for  the  company.  My  expectancy  was  a 
Sergeantry — but  I  shant  grumble. 

September  10,  1863.  Have  been  drilling  and  po 
licing  for  the  past  two  weeks.  Captain  I  jams  has 
command  of  the  Battalion  and  he  is  getting  the  boys 
shaped  up  into  pretty  good  soldiers. 

September  n,  1863.  Got  marching  orders  last 
night  and  to-day  left  Camp  Tod  for  the  front.  Ship 
ped  our  horses  on  cars  via  Little  Miami  R.  R.,  then 
mounted  cars  ourselves  en  route  for  Cincinnati. 

September  12,  1863.  Arrived  at  n  p.  m.  and  laid 
on  the  soft  side  of  a  brick  walk  the  remainder  of  the 
night,  and  slept  soundly.  About  ten  this  morning  our 
horses  and  selves  were  on  board  the  steamer  "Ginnie 
Hopkins,"  bound  for  Maysville,  Ky.  At  3  P.  M.  we  ran 
upon  a  sand  bar  and  no  signs  of  getting  off  soon.  The 
people  on  the  Ohio  side  have  run  out  their  flags  at  al 
most  every  house  we  passed,  but  on  the  Kentucky  side 
no  flags  greet  us.  Passed  several  boats  loaded  with 
troops. 

Sunday,  September  13,  1863.  Still  on  the  sandbar 
though  the  deck  hands  worked  all  night  to  "spar  off." 
A  man  fell  overboard  in  the  night  but  was  picked  up 
before  drowning.  Got  off  the  bar  about  8  A.  M. 
Steamed  ahead  for  an  hour  or  two  when  we  ran  into 
another.  Soon  got  clear  of  that  and  arrived  at  Mays 
ville,  Ky.,  about  10  A.  M.  Yesterday  we  were  put  off 
the  boat  several  times  to  lighten  up  over  shoals,  then  the 
boys  had  lots  of  fun  for  there  were  plenty  of  peaches 
and  grapes  on  shore.  Maysville  is  a  good  sized  town 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C.      41 

with  plenty  of  rebel  sympathizers.  We  are  camped 
about  half  a  mile  from  town. 

September  29,  1863.  Since  my  last  we  have  been 
actively  engaged  in  doing  camp  duty  mostly.  While 
at  "Camp  Maysville"  we  had  a  pleasant  time  bath 
ing  in  the  Ohio  river  and  "riding  the  waves"  was  a 
daily  pleasure.  We  broke  that  Camp  a  week  back  and 
moved  to  this  place  "Plummers  Mills ;"  have  had  some 
"bushwhacking."  Also  charged  a  flock  of  geese  kill 
ing  and  capturing  all  of  them.  There  is  a  gentleman 
here  whose  daughter  has  a  pet  deer.  I  fear  the 
daughter  will  be  looking  in  vain  for  that  pet.  This  is 
a  rough  mountainous  country  well  fitted  for  bush 
whackers. 

October  i,  1863.  Have  moved  to  Flemingsburg, 
Ky.,  and  are  camped  on  the  Hillsboro  pike  at  the  cross 
ing  of  Fleming  Creek,  and  have  named  the  camp 
"Ijams,"  in  honor  of  our  Major,  who  has  been  pro 
moted  from  Captain  of  Company  A.  Said  Company 
is  now  commanded  by  Captain  Michael  Halm.  Com 
panies  "A"  and  "D"  are  here  and  "B"  and  "C"  are  at 
Hillsboro.  Our  Commissary  is  at  Poplar  Plains,  be 
tween  the  two  points,  with  a  small  guard  —  a  good 
place  to  be  captured.  Captain  Halm  and  Quarter  Mas 
ter-Sergeant  Chas.  A.  Poland  have  charge.  2  P.  M.,  or 
dered  on  a  scout,  and  are  now  camped  on  a  rebel's 
farm.  Went  for  the  chickens  and  apples. 

October  12,  1863.  Started  early  this  morning  rid 
ing  until  noon,  then  halted  for  dinner  at  a  good  farm 
house.  We  found  a  large  iron  kettle,  filled  it  up  with 
chickens  and  sweet  potatoes,  under  the  supervision  of 
a  darky  "Mammy."  Well  don't  that  make  your  mouth 
zvater?  The  contents  soon  disappeared  and  we 
mounted  again  and  were  off.  Had  a  little  rush  after 


42      4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

a  "Johnny  reb."  Captured  him,  then  went  to  a  house 
and  camped  for  the  night.  Have  been  very  sick  since 
dinner ;  think  I  ate  too  much. 

October  13,  1863.  Our  bivouac  was  attacked  last 
night  about  seven  o'clock.  We  got  behind  the  fences 
about  the  house  and  after  about  two  hours  drove  the 
enemy  away.  They  again  attacked  us  about  one  o'clock 
this  morning,  but  after  a  few  volleys  they  withdrew. 
The  night  was  very  dark,  with  a  steady  downpour 
of  rain  which  kept  up  until  morning.  We  had  one 
man  wounded,  and  surmise  the  rebels  had  several,  as 
we  found  three  or  four  guns  that  had  been  thrown 
away.  Broke  Camp  about  seven  A.  M.  and  after  some 
scouting  halted  for  breakfast,  then  into  the  saddle 
again  until  night.  Have  been  climbing  mountains  all 
day.  Perilous  work  threading  one's  way  along  some 
of  these  passes.  In  coming  down  a  narrow  defile  after 
dark  my  horse  slipped  and  f  11,  or  rather  rolled  some 
thirty  or  forty  feet.  This  shook  me  up  and  bruijed 
me  to  some  extent.  We  reached  this  camp  between  the 
mountains  about  nine  P.  M.  and  are  now  expecting  an 
attack  from  John  T.  William's  bushwhackers.  There 
is  a  great  deal  of  excitement  in  this  scouting  business. 
I  rather  like  it,  though  it  is  hard  work. 

Wednesday,  October  14,  1863.  "Boots  and  Sad 
dles"  early  this  morning  and  rode  hard  until  ten 
o'clock,  when  we  halted  for  breakfast ;  then  in  saddles 
again  enroute  for  Camp  I  jams  where  we  arrived  about 
ten  o'clock,  weary  and  a  goneness  in  the  stomach  that 
io  not  yet  satisfied. 

Thursday,  November  5,  1863.  Since  my  last  we 
have  been  doing  camp  duty,  and  been  on  several  small 
scouts.  Captured  a  few  rebels  and  have  had  one  or 
two  men  wounded. 


4th  and  jth  Battalions,  and  i^th  O.  V.  C.      43 

Monday,  November  9,  1863.  Started  for  a  scout 
in  the  mountains,  it  being  rumored  that  a  scouting 
party  sent  out  a  few  days  ago  had  got  into  a  fight  at 
Moorehead,  Ky.,  and  had  to  fall  back.  We  met 
them  returning.  Several  of  the  boys  had  lost  their 
blankets,  coats  and  saddles,  having  been  in  bivouac 
when  attacked.  Two  were  wounded.  We  are  now 
bivouacked  about  one  mile  from  Moorehead.  The  snow 
is  falling  rapidly  and  the  boys  are  making  havoc  with 
a  rail  fence  near  by. 

Tuesday,  November  10,  1863.  The  snow  fell  all 
night  and  made  a  beautiful  cover  for  our  couches  and 
us.  Broke  camp  about  eight  o'clock  and  rode  hard 
until  noon,  when  we  came  across  John  Nichols,  a  no 
torious  scamp  and  bushwhacker,  and  after  a  short  run 
we  captured  him.  Fed  our  horses,  then  moved  on 
four  of  five  miles,  when  in  passing  a  house  two  men 
ran  out  of  a  back  door  and  made  for  the  underbrush 
on  the  side  of  the  mountain.  The  rest  of  the  advance 
dismounted  but  I  kept  my  saddle  and  spurred  my  horse 
over  two  fences  and  came  to  a  third  that  was  too 
high  for  my  horse  to  get  over.  So  I  called  to  the  rebel 
nearest  to  me  to  surrender,  but  he  kept  on,  and  I 
blazed  away  with  my  carbine  and  shot  him  through 
the  right  shoulder.  He  threw  up  his  hands  and  said 
he  gave  up  and  not  to  kill  him.  John  McGlade  shot 
the  other  chap  as  he  was  getting  over  a  fence,  wound 
ing  him  through  the  bowels.  The  man  I  hit  was  a 
lieutenant  and  the  two  were  members  of  Captain  Cook's 
Guerilla  Command,  and  were  out  looking  for  a  square 
meal.  After  this  little  episode  we  rode  about  four 
miies  and  bivouacked  near  a  house  surrounded  by  hills, 
We  have  made  our  prisoners  as  comfortable  as  pos 
sible  and  have  sent  for  a  doctor  to  dress  their  wounds. 


44      4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  ijth  O.  V.  C. 

I  took  a  fine  quilt  from  the  house  intending  to  wrap  up 
in  it  on  the  porch  when  it  came  time  to  lay  down, 
but  the  old  lady  made  such  a  fuss  about  it  I  very  grace 
fully  gave  it  back  to  her. 

I  am  sergeant  of  the  pickets  tonight,  and  we  are 
expecting  an  attack  from  Captain  Cook's  bushwhack 
ers,  who  are  said  to  be  encamped  about  three  miles 
from  here,  so  we  will  have  to  be  extra  vigilant.  I  feel 
pretty  well  used  up,  having  been  riding  with  the  ad 
vance  all  day,  which  is  much  harder  than  riding  with 
the  main  column,  as  we  go  here  and  there  and  every 
where  within  a  reasonable  distance  from  the  column. 

Wednesday,  November  n,  1863.  The  pickets  to 
wards  Cook's  Camp  heard  a  noise  about  midnight  and 
thinking  the  rebels  were  going  to  attack,  fired  in  that 
direction.  I  had  laid  down  and  got  into  a  light  doze. 
The  firing  brought  me  to  my  feet  pretty  quick,  I  tell 
you,  and  I  hurried  over  to  the  picket  post,  and  from 
there  went  forward  to  reconnoiter;  and  after  a  good 
deal  of  creeping,  crawling,  and  dodging  behind  stumps, 
I  found  out  that  the  cause  of  alarm  was  an  old  horse 
that  was  hobbled  in  the  field  near  some  timber.  We 
broke  camp  just  at  sunset,  the  advance  well  forward, 
and  surprised  Captain  Cook's  Command  at  breakfast. 
They  broke  for  the  brush  on  the  mountain  side  a  short 
distance  off.  We  captured  eight  horses  and  four  men, 
about  fifteen  men  escaping.  In  a  house  near  by  we 
found  a  man  shot  through  the  breast  and  were  told  it 
was  Captain  Cook's  brother.  He  and  the  Captain  had 
a  difficulty  about  a  darkey  slave,  and  in  the  heat  of 
anger  one  had  shot  the  other.  A  wench  told  me  there 
was  a  picket  post  about  half  a  mile  in  the  opposite 
direction  from  which  we  had  come.  I  took  three  men 
and  started  for  it,  met  two  men  who  very  quietly  sur- 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C.      45 

rendered.  One  of  them  said  he  was  a  doctor  and  on 
his  way  to  attend  Cook.  I  sent  them  back  towards  the 
house,  and  continued  on  towards  the  picket.  He  lev 
eled  his  long  Austrian  at  me,  but  a  shot  from  the  car 
bine  of  Comrade  Ritter  brought  him  to  his  senses  and 
he  concluded  not  to  fire.  The  ball  struck  the  dirt  near 
him.  He  seemed  undecided  what  to  do,  and  I  jumped 
over  the  fence  and  pulled  my  revolver  on  him  when  he 
surrendered.  We  took  him  back  to  the  house  and 
turned  him  over  to  the  command.  Found  some 
honey  and  ate  another  breakfast,  then  moved  off  into 
the  mountains  after  the  rebels.  Myself  and  four  oth 
ers  were  left  on  a  point  to  observe  several  trails  that 
passed  near  by,  and  to  be  very  vigilant,  as  we  were 
liable  to  be  taken  in,  as  the  bushwhackers  seemecl  to  be 
pretty  thick.  We  were  not  to  leave  until  relieved  which 
would  be  in  about  an  hour.  We  frequently  saw  armed 
men  riding  on  the  ridges  beyond  gunshot,  but  no  at 
tacks  were  made  on  us ;  and  after  waiting  over  four 
hours  for  orders  I  concluded  that  it  would  be  best  for 
us  to  find  our  command.  After  riding  hard  for  two 
hours  caught  up  with  it  and  found  we  had  been  for 
gotten.  Pushed  on  a  few  miles  further  and  soon 
after  dusk  bivouacked  in  some  vacant  lots  in  West 
Liberty,  Ky. 

Thursday,  November  12,  1863.  Had  an  early 
breakfast.  Saddled  up  and  waited  for  orders  from  our 
officers  who  were  up  town  getting  their  breakfast  at 
a  citizen's  house.  Suddenly  a  wreath  of  smoke  fol 
lowed  quickly  by  others  appeared  on  the  bluff  across 
Licking  river  overlooking  the  town,  and  whizz,  bizz, 
came  the  bullets  among  us.  We  were  attacked  by 
"John  T.  William's  Scouts."  Exchanged  a  few  shots, 
then  forded  the  river  under  a  rattling  fire  and  charged 


46      fth  and  5th  Battalions,  and  ijth  O.  V.  C. 

them,  but  before  we  could  reach  the  top  of  the  bluffs 
J.  T.  "lit  out."  We  followed  over  mountains,  down 
ravines  and  through  pleasant  vallies,  exchanging  shots 
every  opportunity,  but  we  could  not  catch  him,  his 
horses  being  used  to  the  mountains  while  ours  were  not. 
At  one  place  his  command  was  going  up  a  mountain 
and  we  were  going  down  one  facing  it,  when  a  lively 
little  fight  ensued  across  the  hollow.  J.  T.  was 
wounded  in  the  arm  and  on  he  went  again.  We 
learned  of  his  wound  afterwards  from  a  lady  at 
whose  house  he  stopped  to  have  it  dressed,  and  he  asked 
her  "if  she  had  seen  the  Yankee  hounds  after  the  reb 
fox."  About  ten  o'clock  my  horse,  a  nice  bay  that  I 
had  captured  on  a  former  scout,  dropped  under  me. 
A  farm  house  was  not  far  off,  and  seeing  a  horse  in 
a  lot  near  by,  took  it  and  was  on  again  with  the  ad 
vance.  This  horse  played  out  in  about  two  hours  and 
I  got  another  from  a  field  after  carrying  my  saddle  a 
mile  or  so.  He  got  me  into  camp  but  he  was  badly 
blown.  We  are  now  camped  about  ten  miles  from 
West  Liberty,  having  had  to  give  the  chase  up,  our 
horses  could  not  stand  the  pace  J.  T.  laid  out  for  us. 
Several  of  the  advance  are  dismounted,  not  being  as 
lucky  as  myself  in  getting  other  horses  when  theirs 
played  out.  I  believe  I  was  born  to  be  a  trooper. 
Tis  glorious,  this  riding  at  a  break  neck  speed,  hold 
ing  one's  breath  while  dashing  along  some  narrow  de 
file,  and  again  shouting  while  speeding  through  some 
beautiful  valley.  It  makes  the  blood  tingle  in  one's 
veins,  —  unless  the  other  fellow  is  after  you  — then 
you  don't  tingle.  You  simply  exist  with  cold  chills 
running  up  and  down  your  back,  and  wonder  how 
long  it  is  going  to  last. 


CLEM  T.   PARK, 
Lieutenant  of  Companies  B  and  G,  13th  O.  V.  C. 


S.    S.    STEPHENSON, 
Company  G,  13th   O.  V.   C. 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

Friday,  November  13,  1863.  Broke  camp  early 
and  scouted  a  few  hours,  but  finding  nothing  of  the 
enemy  turned  back  towards  Camp  I  jams.  Reached 
camp  about  sundown.  I  had  to  walk  the  last  five  or 
six  miles,  my  horse  giving  out,  being  the  fourth  on  this 
scout.  A  cold  rain  has  fallen  all  day  and  of  course 
we  are  wet  to  the  skin. 

Christmas  day,  1863.  Going  to  have  Turkey  for 
dinner!  Can't  just  remember  where  it  came  from,  but 
it's  real  Turkey.  Since  eating  that  Turkey  the  flavor 
reminds  me  of  a  breed  that  was  raised  out  towards 
Stringtown,  on  the  pike  towards  Mt.  Sterling.  If  it 
didn't  come  from  there  it  was  a  first  cousin  of  that 
family.  I  shall  ask  Sergeant  Jewell  and  Ed.  Watson. 
Since  writing  in  my  journal  in  November  have  been 
on  several  hard  scouts  and  some  that  were  not  so  hard. 
When  John  Morgan  broke  jail  I  was  sent  with  seven 
men  to  Tolesboro,  Ky.,  which  is  la  village  down  towards 
the  Ohio  river  about  thirty  miles  from  here.  Several 
roads  from  the  river  center  there,  and  we  were  to  picket 
them  hoping  he  might  come  that  way.  Stayed  there 
ten  days  and  had  a  jolly  time.  Boarded  at  Mr. 
Teager's,  a  fine  old  gentleman,  and  such  a  nice  Mrs. 
Teager,  and  were  very  sorry  when  duty  called  us  away. 

The  order  came  "Report  back  to  headquarters  with 
out  a  moment's  delay  for  the  enemy  has  burnt  the  Court 
House  at  Mt.  Sterling,  and  is  moving  on  Flemings- 
burg."  When  I  had  my  command  ready  to  move, 
word  came  from  Maysville  to  the  effect  that  the  5th 
Battalion  had  been  whipped  and  was  falling  back  on 
that  city.  The  citizens,  especially  the  ladies,  begged 
us  not  to  try  to  get  to  camp  as  it  was  certain  the 
enemy  was  between  us  and  Tolesboro;  but  our  orders 

4 


48      fth  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

were  to  go,  so  with  hearty  good  wishes  and  the  waving 
of  handkerchiefs  we  dashed  off,  and  in  five  hours 
reached  Flemingsburg,  and  found  the  Battalion  all 
right,  all  having  been  concentrated  in  the  town,  the 
Hillsboro  boys  having  come  in  early  in  the  evening. 
Only  an  attack  was  made  on  our  pickets,  when  the 
enemy  withdrew.  Last  night  I  was  acting  Sergeant  of 
the  pickets  and  had  a  rather  lively  night  of  it,  as  there 
was  several  attacks  on  the  posts  but  no  determined 
effort.  A  year  ago  to-day  I  was  on  guard  at  Gallatin, 
Tenn.  So  this  makes  two  Christmas  days  I  have  spent 
in  the  Army.  It  is  rumored  that  an  opportunity 
will  be  given  those  who  wish  to  enlist  for  three  years 
to  do  so. 

December  31,  1863.  Reenlisted  to  serve  "Uncle 
Sam"  three  more  years,  and  dated  back  to  27th  inst. 
Twenty-eight  others  of  Company  "D"  and  three  of 
Company  "A,"  have  signed,  and  we  hear  that  a  number 
of  Companies  B  and  C  have  enlisted  with  Lieutenant 
Clark.  Beautiful  weather  for  this  time  of  year. 

January  I,  1864.  Turned  awfully  cold  last  night, 
a  strong  wind  began  blowing  from  the  northwest  about 
nine  o'clock  and  by  midnight  everything  was  frozen 
up.  We  left  our  tents  and  hovered  around  blazing 
fires.  Our  pickets  were  all  brought  in  except  the  one 
that  was  sheltered  towards  Poplar  Plains.  It  is  re 
ported  to-day  that  seven  men  of  the  4Oth  Kentucky 
Infantry  were  found  frozen  on  their  posts  east  of  here. 
Such  intense  cold  I  never  felt  before. 

January  12,  1864.  The  men  of  Companies  B  and 
C  who  reenlisted  have  gone  under  command  of  Lieut. 
Clark  to  Covington,  and  we  start  for  Columbus,  Ohio, 
on  our  horses.  There  are  thirty-three  of  us  under  com 
mand  of  Lieutenant  Roberts.  Crossed  the  Ohio  river 


4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  0.  V.  C.      49 

about  midnight  partly  on  the  ice  and  partly  by  a  ferry 
boat  that  we  pressed  into  service.  Landed  at  Ripley, 
Ohio.  "Charming  Billie,"  my  horse  got  down  in  a 
crevasse  in  the  ice  and  we  had  to  pull  him  out  by  his 
legs  and  tail.  We  are  now  at  a  hotel  waiting  for  the 
landlord  to  make  us  some  coffee. 

January  13,  1864.  Was  invited  with  Lieut.  Roberts 
to  take  breakfast  at  a  private  house.  Accepted  and 
enjoyed  it  hugely.  About  eight  A.  M.  took  up  our 
line  of  march,  stopping  at  Unionville  for  dinner,  and 
reached  Hillsboro,  Ohio,  about  seven  P.  M.  Were 
grandly  welcomed  by  the  citizens  and  given  the  best 
they  had,  our  horses  sent  to  livery  stable  and  we  to 
private  houses. 

January  14,  1864.  Broke  Camp  Hillsboro,  early. 
Very  frosty  and  cold.  Halted  at  noon  to  feed  and 
make  coffee.  Making  this  town,  Washington  C.  H., 
Ohio,  late  in  the  evening.  Welcomed  by  the  citizens 
and  regaled  sumptuously.  This  is  awful  jolly ! 

January  15,  1864.  Sunday  morning.  Moved  out 
early  as  we  want  to  make  Columbus  tonight.  Were 
pretty  well  played  out  from  riding  in  the  cold,  when 
we  reached  Harrisburg  and  tried  to  get  to  stay  all 
night  there,  but  the  citizens  refused  to  keep  us,  nor 
could  we  get  feed  for  our  horses,  or  we  would  have 
bivouacked  there.  We  fired  our  revolvers  off  and  left 
the  town  yelling  like  Indians.  We  reached  Columbus 
about  eleven  P.  M.  I  was  detailed  to  take  charge  of 
a  squad  with  the  horses  and  see  that  they  were  stabled. 
I  took  them  over  to  the  Government  stables  about 
one  mile  from  the  city.  Left  a  guard  with  them  and 
slipped  out  with  a  comrade  to  find  an  aunt  of  his 
where  we  have  had  supper,  and,  as  it  is  now  two  A. 
M.,  I'll  say  goodnight. 


50      4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

January  16,  1864.  Have  orders  to  stay  with  the 
horses  until  they  can  be  turned  over  to  the  Quarter 
master  here.  Will  sleep  in  the  stable  and  have  my 
headquarters  there.  Cold  and  chilly. 

January  18,  1864.  A  heavy  snow  storm  raged  all 
day,  and  I  received  orders  to  report  at  Camp  Chase. 
Bid  farewell  to  my  pretty  horse  "Charming  Billie," 
and  felt  like  crying.  Made  camp  about  dusk  after  a 
hard  tramp  of  about  four  miles  through  the  snow. 
Found  Lieutenant  Clark  in  charge  of  Cavalry,  he  hav 
ing  arrived  a  few  days  before  with  his  re-enlistments. 

February  5,  1864.  We  go  to  Columbus  to-day  for 
furloughs  and  pay.  The  time  since  I  last  wrote  in  my 
journal  has  been  taken  up  by  details  for  police  duty, 
lounging  about  camp,  grumbling  because  we  could  not 
get  home  when  so  near,  and  eating.  It  is  interesting 
to  consider  how  we  can  eat.  Rations  are  plenty  and 
it  would  be  too  bad  not  to  devour  them. 

February  6,  1864.  Signed  pay  roll,  last  evening 
and  got  our  furloughs,  and  a  number  of  us  went  to 
Worthington  with  Comrade  Wing  to  attend  a  party. 
We  have  had  a  good  time  and  tonight  go  home. 

February  7,  1864.  Yesterday  evening  the  Zanes- 
ville  boys  got  aboard  the  train  for  home.  In  going 
through  the  cars  I  came  across  my  brother,  a  member 
of  Company  E.  iQth  O.  V.  I.  He  too  re-enlisted. 

After  shaking  hands  and  introducing  comrades  we 
all  got  out  and  got  cakes  and  coffee.  At  Newark  we 
did  the  same.  It  is  curious,  but  a  soldier  can  always 
eat,  no  matter  how  often  it  is  put  before  him.  On 
arriving  at  Zanesville  found  the  people  out  with  a  brass 
band  to  welcome  the  iQth  Ohio  boys,  and  as  fast  as 
we  jumped  off  the  cars  we  were  surrounded  by  pretty 
girls  and  weeping  mothers  who  had  come  to  meet  their 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  ijth  O.  V.  C.      51 

dear  ones.  We  of  the  5th  Battalion  were  not  expected 
home,  but  we  took  a  good  share  of  the  kisses  from 
the  girls,  and  ate  some  more. 

Thus  ended  my  experience  with  Company  D,  5th 
Independent  Battalion  O.  V.  C.  The  remainder  of 
the  Battalion  was  mustered  out  about  the  fifteenth  of 
February.  After  thirty  days  of  unalloyed  pleasure, 
during  which  time  I  helped  to  recruit  a  number  of  men 
for  the  new  organization  we  are  going  into,  I  am  now 
again  going  to  Camp,  and  the  outlook  is  for  a  hard 
year  of  campaigning  and  fighting. 


Comrade  Aston's  diary  gives  a  pretty  good  history 
of  the  Fifth  Battalion,  as  in  it  he  rehearses  many  of 
the  more  active  incidents.  It  is  a  fact  that  the  less  than 
four  hundred  men  composing  this  force  took  the  place 
previously  occupied  by  a  full  regiment  of  mounted  in 
fantry.  It  is  also  true  that  the  active  scouting  kept  at 
by  Major  I  jams,  and  his  known  determination  to  make 
the  bushwhackers  infesting  Eastern  Kentucky  behave 
themselves  or  leave  the  country,  brought  more  peace 
ful  times  and  greater  security  to  the  people.  Where  be 
fore  raids,  bushwhacking  inoffensive  people,  and 
thefts  of  horses  and  property  were  frequent,  those  ma 
rauding  freeboters  were  deterred  from  coming  from 
their  hiding  places,  excepting  in  a  few  instances,  as 
related  by  Comrade  Aston.  But  once  did  those  fellows 
reach  within  striking  distance  of  Poplar  Plains,  and 
this  one  instance,  occurred  when  the  rebs  found, 
through  their  spies  within  our  lines,  that  Major  I  jams 
had  stripped  the  camps  of  all  the  able-bodied  men  and 
had  gone  into  the  hills.  The  rebs,  avoiding  the  Ma 
jor's  force,  moved  to  attack  Poplar  Plains  with  the  in- 


52      4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C. 

tention  of  capturing  and  destroying  the  stores  gath 
ered  there,  but,  on  reaching  the  neighborhood  of  "The 
Plains/'  they  found  that  Quartermaster-Sergeant  C. 
A.  Poland,  who  was  in  charge,  having  heard  of  the 
intended  attack,  had  prepared  such  a  warm  reception 
for  them  that  they  concluded  that  "discretion  was  the 
better  part  of  valor,"  and  retired  on  full  run  to  their 
mountain  fastnesses. 

The  few  weeks  remaining  to  the  service  of  the 
"Fifth"  in  Kentucky  were  barren  of  incidents,  camp 
duty  being  the  regular  routine. 

February,  the  battalion  broke  camp  and  bid  fare 
well  to  the  friends  they  had  made  in  Kentucky  and 
marched  to  Maysville  on  their  homeward  way.  Here 
an  incident  occurred  which  raised  the  ire  of  the  boys. 
By  some  means  a  slave  belonging  to  a  citizen  of  Flem- 
ingsburg,  who  had  been  hired  from  his  master  by  Ma 
jor  Ijams,  as  a  servant,  had  disappeared.  Search  for 
him  failed,  and  the  master  followed  to  Maysville  and 
swore  out  a  warrant  for  the  arrest  of  the  Major  for 
having  stolen  his  "nigger."  Against  the  remonstrances 
of  every  man  of  the  force  Major  Ijams,  knowing  that 
he  was  innocent  of  the  affair,  gave  bond  to  appear  for 
trial,  which  occurred  after  a  long  period,  and  judg 
ment  for  several  hundred  dollars  was  given  by  the 
rebel  court  against  him,  which  was  paid  by  his  estate 
after  his  death.  Of  this  affair,  either  before  or  after, 
Major  Ijams  knew  nothing.  The  whole  thing  was  con 
ceived  and  carried  out  by  three  or  four  members  of 
Company  A,  who,  the  night  before,  had  rowed  him 
over  the  river.  He  reached  Columbus,  O.,  and  lived 
and  worked  for  one  of  his  liberators  a  number  of 
years. 


4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  ijth  0.  V.  C.      53 

The  remainder  of  the  Fifth  Battalion  rode  to  Cov- 
ington,  Kentucky,  where  they  were  mustered  out  — 
a  large  number  re-enlisting  in  other  organizations  and 
serving  gallantly  until  the  overthrow  of  the  rebellion. 


FIFTH  BATTALION  EVENTS* 


Good  boys,  as  a  reward  for  virtue,  were  detailed  to 
act  as  guard  at  execution  of  colored  man  near  Flem- 
ingsburg. 

A  scouting  party  to  West  Liberty  burned  cabin 
home  of  Boone  Howard.  Rewarded  next  morning  by 
being  bushwhacked  near  Cracker's  Neck.  Volley  at 
five  paces.  Eight  of  our  men  killed,  wounded  and  cap 
tured. 

Scouting  force  from  all  companies  charged  John 
T.  Williams,  captured  four  and  one  is  drowned  in 
Licking  river. 

A  force  sent  to  cut  out  our  wounded  men  captured 
by  Boone  Howard,  reached  the  men  but  were  unable 
to  bring  them  out,  as  the  ambulance  had  been  returned 
with  Lieutenant  Jack  Cade,  accidentally  shot  at  the 
Phillips  home.  The  men  were  afterwards  released 
upon  recovery. 

A  scouting  party  were  out  seven  days,  by  special 
order  of  the  Government,  to  capture  a  Confederate 
Congressman,  near  headquarters  of  Licking  river. 
They  reached  his  home,  but  he  had  escaped.  Our  ad 
vance  guard  captured  three  escaped  officers  of  Mor 
gan's  command.  An  attempt  to  pillage  home  of  the 
Congressman  was  suppressed  by  Capt.  Rusk,  of  D 
Company,  with  a  drawn  revolver,  and  the  men  were 
driven  from  house.  Arms  found  were  destroyed  and 
horses  captured.  Rations  being  exhausted,  we  made 
a  forced  night  ride  to  Morehead,  where  we  had  our 

(54) 


4th  and  $th  Battalions,  and  i^th  O.  V.  C.      5£ 

first  experience  with  an  exclusive  meat  diet  upon  tough 
steer. 

The  Poplar  Plains  detachment  confiscated  an  in 
telligent  contraband  fiddler  and  hid  him  out  from  the 
officers  of  the  law.  The  Coon  was  very  grateful;  he 
would  sit  upon  a  pile  of  cracker  boxes  and  play  the 
fiddle  for  impromptu  dances,  socials,  etc.  He  would 
also  sing. 

The  5th  Battalion  furnished  a  goodly  number  of 
recruits,  and  a  notable  list  of  officers  for  the  new  re 
giment.  Among  the  latter  were  Col.  Stephen  R.  Clark, 
Major  Kling,  Captain  Cooper,  Lieutenant  Emmick, 
Captain  Young,  Captain  Roberts,  Lieutenant  Conaway, 
Lieutenant  Jewell,  Majors  J.  H.  Cherry,  and  others. 

There  was  much  hustle  and  cheering  when  the  vets 
departed.  Their  voices  and  presence  come  oft  back  to 
me  now,  and  the  tears  unbidden  come  in  spite  of  the 
years  that  have  passed  since  then,  for  of  those  noble 
lads  who  went  so  cheerfully  to  join  Sheridan,  many,  oh, 
how  many,  found  graves  within  the  soil  of  old  Virginia,, 
their  names  linked  with  the  imperishable  glories  of  the 
famous  closing  battles  of  the  war  from  Petersburg  to 
Appomattox.  As  the  5th  gave  the  first  blood  offering 
in  Elliott,  so  we  gave  also  the  last  in  Major  Edmund 
Cooper  of  B.  Company,  who  fell  in  breasting  the  last 
determined  charge  of  Fitz  Hugh  Lee,  who  tried  to 
escape  with  his  command  from  the  surrender.  Major 
Cooper  died  in  the  arms  of  his  comrades  upon  the  field, 
just  after  Gen.  Lee  laid  down  for  his  army  his  sword, 
under  the  famous  apple  tree.  To  measure  in  some 
degree  the  remarkable  losses  of  the  I3th,  I  may  mention 
that  of  fourteen  reenlisted  men  of  B.  Company  who 
were  from  Marion  County,  Ohio,  six  were  killed  and 
five  were  wounded ;  three,  Klinef elter,  Saiter  and  Car- 


£6      $h  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  0.  V.  C. 

penter,  were  killed  by  a  shell  at  the  Petersburg  mine 
fight.  The  5th  Battalion  proper  closed  its  career  in 
February  1864  by  marching  eastward  to  Cincinnati, 
where  the  remnant  was  mustered  out  February  15, 
1864. 

So  comrades  of  the  Fifth  we  close  these  few  brief 
notes  of  your  service,  with  this  toast,  in  which  we  all 
will  rise  and  join — 

Here's  to  the  dead  of  the  dauntless  I3th  Cavalry 
of  Ohio,  their  sabres  were  worthy  of  Murat,  for  Sher 
idan  found  them  worthy. 

Their  swords  are  rust, 

Their  souls  are  with  the  just. 

GEORGE  B.  CHRISTIAN,  of  Marion, 
Private  "B"  Company  5th  Ind.  Battalion  O.  V.  C. 


ALFRED  A.  THOMAS. 


Alfred  A.  Thomas  was  born  in  1845,  an^  enlisted 
in  Company  B,  4th  Independent  Battalion,  O.  V.  C, 
at  Dayton,  Ohio,  where  his  father  was  Rev.  Dr.  T.  E. 
Thomas,  and  where  he  was  attending  the  Dayton  High 
School.  After  muster  out,  he  was  graduated  at  Dart 
mouth  College,  N.  H.,  in  1867;  he  taught  the  Latin 
department  of  the  Dayton  High  School  ;  was  admitted 
at  Dayton  to  practice  law  in  1869;  was  elected  City 
Solicitor  for  three  terms  ;  was  active  in  politics  and 
member  of  the  Democratic  State  Central  Committee; 
was  general  attorney  of  the  P.,  C.  &  St.  L.  R.  R.,  also 
president  Southern  Ohio  Coal  &  Iron  Co.  ;  also,  in 
large  part,  built  the  Fifth  Street  R.  R.,  which  was 
consolidated  into  the  present  City  Railway  Co.  in  Day 
ton,  of  which  first  company  Thomas  was  president  for 
eight  years.  Since  then,  he  was  General  Solicitor  of 
the  Bell  Telephone  Co.  in  Chicago,  and  is  now  a  direc 
tor  and  General  Counsel  of  the  National  Cash  Register 
Co.  of  Dayton,  Ohio. 

He  has  two  sons,  Thomas  H.,  now  a  senior  at  Har 
vard  College,  and  Felix,  now  at  school  at  Tarrytown, 
N.  Y.,  and  one  daughter,  Gertrude.  Mr.  Thomas,  for 
twenty-five  years,  has  had  a  farm  in  Southern  Minne 
sota,  where  he  has  spent  most  of  his  summers,  as 
devotee  of  rod  and  gun.  His  postoffice  address  is  care 
National  Cash  Register  Co.,  Dayton,  Ohio. 

(57) 


ISAAC  JACOB  HERRMAN. 


Isaac  Jacob  Herrman  was  born  at  Dayton,  Ohio, 
March  17,  1843.  Died  at  Toledo,  Ohio,  January  3, 
1882.  At  the  outbreak  of  the  civil  war  he  was  a  stu 
dent  at  Antioch  College,  Yellow  Springs,  Ohio,  then 
under  the  supervision  of  the  noted  educator,  Horace 
Mann.  His  parents  with  their  children  had  come  to 
Yellow  Springs  on  account  of  its  educational  advant 
ages.  He  enlisted  with  the  "Squirrel  Hunters"  at  the 
age  of  19,  the  discharge  being  dated  September,  1862. 

His  other  war  record  is  as  follows:  Private  in 
Capt.  Samuel  Wyndman's  Company  E,  4th  Battalion, 
Independent  Ohio  Volunteer  Cavalry.  Enrolled  July 
6,  1863,  to  serve  six  months.  Discharged  March  12, 
1864,  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  by  reason  of  expiration  of 
term  of  service. 

Private  in  Captain  Chas.  D.  Herrman's  Company 
C,  I3ist  Regiment,  O.  N.  G.  Enrolled  May  2,  1864, 
to  serve  100  days.  Discharged  August  25,  1864,  at 
Camp  Chase,  Ohio,  by  reason  of  expiration  of  enlist 
ment. 

Private  in  Captain  Prugh's  Company  A,  2d  Regi 
ment,  O.  N.  G.  Joined  May  28,  1863,  to  serve  five 
years.  Discharge  dated  May,  1866. 

After  the  war  was  over  he  was  married  at  Dayton, 
Ohio,  December  25,  1865,  to  Jennie  M.  White,  daughter 
of  Dr.  John  White  of  Danville,  Knox  county,  Ohio. 

In  the  spring  of  1868  they  removed  to  Toledo, 
Ohio,  where  he  became  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  Babbitt 

(58) 


ISAAC  J.  HERMAN, 
Company  B,   Fourth  Independent  Battalion,   O.  V.  C. 


ALFRED  A.   THOMAS, 
Companies  B  and  E,  4th  Independent  Battalion  O.  V.  C. 


4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C.      59 

&  Herrman,  Wholesale  Milliners  and  Importers.  After 
a  few  years  the  firm  became  Herrman  Brothers,  his 
oldest  brother,  Captain  Charles  D.  Herrman,  entering 
the  firm  and  Mr.  A.  T.  Babbitt  retiring. 

He  continued  in  this  business  until  his  death  Jan 
uary  3,  1882. 

He  left  a  wife  and  seven  children,  the  youngest  a 
three  months  old  baby,  who  remained  in  Toledo  until 
October,  when  they  removed  to  the  picturesque  little 
village  of  Worthington,  nine  miles  north  of  Columbus. 
Here  they  lived  until  November,  1899,  when  they  came 
to  Columbus  and  are  now  living  at  349  West  Fifth 
Avenue. 

The  following  is  a  brief  record  of  the  children: 
Bernard  W.  Herrman,  agent  N.  &  W.  Ry.  and  C.,  A. 
&  C.  Ry,  Columbus,  Ohio.  Albert  B.  Herrman,  Leon 
ard  Avenue  Coal  Yard,  Columbus,  Ohio.  Bessie  Herr 
man,  Cataloguer  Ohio  State  Library,  Columbus,  Ohio. 
Isaac  J.  Herrman,  Clerk  Sumpter  Valley  Ry.,  Baker 
City,  Oregon.  Jennie  Herrman,  Assistant,  Ohio  State 
Library,  Columbus,  Ohio. 

At  the  present  writing  the  youngest  son,  John  Bond 
Herrman,  is  at  Phoenix,  Arizona,  a  seeker  after  health, 
accompanied  by  his  mother  and  youngest  sister,  Kate 
Herrman. 


GEORGE  W.  WOODBORNE. 

jt  jt  je 

Geo.  W.  Woodborne,  Private  Company  E.  88th 
Ohio  Volunteers,  mustered  June  loth,  1862.  Corporal, 
June  14,  1862.  Provost  duty  in  Ohio,  June  to  Sep 
tember.  Moved  to  defense  of  Cincinnati,  September 
4.  Mustered  out  September  26,  1862. 

Private  Company  C.  5th  Independent  Battalion 
Ohio  Cavalry,  August  28,  1863.  Scout  and  Provost 
duty  in  eastern  Kentucky,  November,  1863. 

Enlisted  as  private  in  Company  B.  I3th  O.  V.  C., 
January  n,  1864.  Corporal,  January  27,  1864.  Ser 
geant,  July  30,  1864.  Served  in  1st  Brigade,  3d  divis 
ion,  Qth  Army  Corps,  June  8  to  July  30,  1864. 

Service :  Started  in  spring  from  Bell  Plains  Land 
ing,  and  taking  part  in  all  the  marching,  was  one  of 
40  Volunteers  left  on  picket  at  Cold  Harbor.  Guarded 
trains  etc.,  until  we  arrived  at  White  House  Landing. 
From  there,  as  base  was  changed,  proceeded  to  Peters 
burg  Virginia. 

ENGAGEMENTS 

Was  present  as  skirmishes  on  the  Chickahominy 
River  and  other  places,  also,  Cold  Harbor,  on  Picket 
during  the  fight.  White  House  Landing,  June  19. 
Charles  City  Court  House,  June  23.  Siege  of  Peters- 
burgh,  June  24,  1864,  to  April  3,  1865.  Mine  Explo 
sion,  July  30,  1864.  Was  wounded.  Honorably  dis 
charged  May  3,  1865. 

(60) 


GEORGE  W.  WOODBORNE, 

Company  E,  88th  O.  V.  I.,   Company  C,  5th  Ind.   Battalion,   and  Com 
pany  B,  13th  O.  V.  C. 


FRANCIS    D.    THOMPSON, 
Company  G,  13th  O.  V.  C. 


CORPORAL  FRANCIS  D.  THOMPSON. 


Francis  D.  Thompson,  Corporal  Company  G,  I3th 
O.  V.  C,  who  was  known  to  all  members  of  the  regi 
ment  as  "Friday,"  was  wounded  in  the  thigh  at  the 
battle  of  the  Crater,  July  30,  1864,  near  Petersburg, 
Va.  That  night  he  was  taken  to  the  Field  Hospital, 
his  wound  dressed,  and  the  next  day  sent  to  City  Point 
Hospital,  and  from  there  to  a  hospital  in  Rhode  Island, 
then  to  David's  Island  Hospital,  New  York  harbor. 
From  that  point  he  was  taken  home  by  his  mother,  who 
secured  a  furlough  for  him  from  Hon.  E.  M.  Stanton, 
Secretary  of  War.  He  rejoined  the  regiment  when  it 
was  picketing  the  Appomattox  river  below  Petersburg, 
Va.,  in  December,  1864,  and  took  part  in  all  its  cam 
paigns  to  the  end  of  the  war,  doing  especially  creditable 
service  during  the  Appomattox  campaign.  Mustered 
out  at  Amelia  C.  H.,  Va.,  and  received  final  discharge 
at  Columbus,  Ohio. 

(61) 


ADDITIONAL  NAMES  AND  ADDRESSES  OF 
COMRADES. 


Bailis,  John,  Co.  A,  13th  O.  V.  C,  Navarre,  Ohio. 

Gleason,  Charles  A.,  Co.  B,  13th  O.  V.  C.,  Marysville, 
Ohio,  Box  253. 

Hore,  Josiah  T,  Co.  F,  13th  O.  V.  C.,  Parkersburg,  W. 
Va. 

Martin,  Edward,  Co.  L,  13th  O.  V.  C.,  Vevay,  Ind. 

Weyer,  Phillip,  Co  —  ,  13th  O  V.  C.,  Lawrenceville,  111. 

Brewer,  William,  Co.  D,  4th  Batt.  O.  V.  C.,  Russell,  High 
land  Co.,  Ohio. 

Bone,  Albert  E.,  Sergt.  Co.  B,  4th  Batt.,  O.  V.  C,  Zanes- 
ville,  Ohio. 

Cline,  F.  M.,  Co.  C,  4th  Batt.  O.  V.  C,  Higley,  Oklahoma. 

Knapp,  E.  B.,  Co.  B,  4th  Batt.,  O.  V.  C,  San  Jacinto,  Cal. 

Ludwig,  Jackson,  Co.  D,  4th  Batt.  O.  V.  C.,  Russell, 
Highland  County,  Ohio. 

Cinder,  William,  Co.  A,  5th  Batt.  O.  V.  C,  Columbus,  O. 

Sexton,  William,  Co.  B,  5th  Batt.  O.  V.  C,  Marits,  Ohio. 

Steadman,  Joseph  L.,  Co.  H,  13th  O.  V.  C.,  Woodward, 
Oklahoma. 

Cassingham,  O.  H.,  Co.  C,  4th  Batt.  O.  V.  C.,  Bostworth, 
Missouri. 


ADDITIONAL  DEATHS  REPORTED  OR  OMITTED  IN 

LIST. 

Waters,   Mitchell  D.,  Co.   C,  5th  Ind.  Batt.,  and  Co.  G, 
13th  O.  V.  C. 

Petard,  Paul  V.,  Capt.  Co.  K,  13th  O.  V.  C. 
Herrman,  Isaac  J.,  Co.  B,  4th  Ind.  Batt.  O.  V.  C. 
Morris,  Josiah  V.,  Lieut.  Co.  H,  13th  O.  V.  C. 
Richardson,  R.  L.,  Co.  B,  13th  O.  V.  C. 
(62) 


ERRATA. 


The  title  at  head  of  pasres  should  be  History  and  Roster 
of  Thirteenth  Regiment  and  Fourth  and  Fifth  Independent 
Battalions,  O.  V.  C. 

Page    8.     5  P.  M.,  should  be  5  A.  M. 

Page  16.     10  Miles  to  left,  should  be  2  miles. 

Page  22.     Back  from  our  woods,  should  be  works. 

Page  35.     Center  fight,  should  be  Crater  fight. 

Page  35.     Farmuille,  should  be  Farmville. 

Page  36.  In  list  of  Majors,  Stephen  R.  Clark  should 
rank  next  to  John  N.  Cherry  instead  of  last. 

Page  37.  Russell  H.  Tone  should  appear  also  as  2d 
Lieut. 

Page  37.     John  Balis,  should  be  John  Bailis. 

Page  45.  Howard  Ashton,  should  be  Aston  and  he 
should  appear  as  Sergeant  and  First  Sergeant  of  Co.  F. 

Page  45.     James  K.  Pierson,  should  be  James  K.  Peirsol. 

Page  47.  Michael  D.  Waters,  should  be  Mitchell  D. 
Waters. 

Page  92.    Joshua  Grove,  should  be  Joshua  Gore. 

Page  39.     Corporal  Jos.    Walters,   should  be  Watters. 

Page  82.  The  address  of  James  Ryerson  should  be  Gait, 
Ontario,  etc. 

Page  101.  and  went  down,  should  be  and  many  went 
down. 

*5  (63) 


LIST  OF  ILLUSTRATIONS. 


JAMES  C.  WHISSEN,  Co.  D.,  5th  Ind.  Batt.,  O.  V.  C,  and  Co. 

F,  13th  O.  V.  C. 

ALFRED  A.  THOMAS,  Cos.  B  and  E,  4th  Ind.  Batt.,  O.  V.  C. 

(See  sketch.) 

ISAAC  J.  HERRMAN,  Cos.  B  and  E,  4th  Ind.  Batt.,  O.  V.  C. 
SILAS  W.  CANAGA,  Co.  C,  5th  Ind.  Batt.,  O.  V.  C..  and  Co.  B, 

13th  O.  V.  C. 
ORLANDO  L.  CANAGA,  Co.  B,  13th  O.  V.  C.     Died  Schuyler 

Hospital,  New  York  City,  August  28,   1864. 
SAMUEL  S.  STEPHENSON,  Co.  C,  5th  Batt,  O.  V.  C.,  and  Co. 

G,  13th   O.  V.   C.     Killed  July  30,   1864,   Battle   Crater 
Petersburg. 

FRANCIS  D.  THOMPSON,    (This  is  Friday),   Corporal  Co.   G, 

13th  O.  V.  C.,  wounded  July  30,   1864,  Petersburg,  Va. 
WILLIAM  C.  BURNS,  Co.  F,  13th  O.  V.  C. 
THOMAS  F.  JONES,  Co.  H,  85th  O.  V.  L,  Co.  A,  5th  Batt.,  O. 

V.  C,  Co.  F,  133  O.  V.  L 
CLEMENT  T.   PARK,  2d  Lieut.  Co.   B,  1st  Lieut.  Co.   G,  13th 

O.  V.  C. 
GEORGE  W.  WOODBORNE,  Co.  E,  88th  O.  V.  I.,  Co.  C,  5th  Ind. 

Batt.,  O.  V.  C.,   Sergt.   Co.  B,   13th  O.  V.   C.,  wounded 

July  30,  1864,  Petersburg,  Va. 
LEVI  B.  LEEDY,  Co.  D,  13th  O.  V.  C. 
TAMES  K.   PEIRSOL,  Sergt.  Co.  F  and  1st  Lieut.   Co.  B,  13th 

O.  V.  C.,  Captured  Colors  of  2d  Alabama  Cav.,  hand  to 

hand  fight,  Jetersville,  Va.,  Medal  of  Honor  by  Congress, 

and  promotion  to  1st  Lieut. 
JOHN  BAILIS,  Co.  A,  13th  O.  V.  C,  in  every  battle  of  regiment 

and  never  got  a  scratch. 
B.  F.  SHEPHERD,  Co.  H,  13th  O.  V.  C,  wounded  July  30,  1864, 

Petersburg,  Va. 
HAMILTON  MCFARLAND,  Co.  D,  5th  Batt.,  Sergt.  Co.  F,  13th 

O.  V.  C.,  wounded  July,  1864,  Petersburg,  Va. 
(64) 


4th  and  5th  Battalions,  and  i$th  O.  V.  C.      65 

CHARLES  T.  YOUNG,  Sergt.  Co.  C,  5th  Batt,  Lieut.  Co.  B,  and 

Capt.   Co.   G,   13th  O.  V.  C.,  wounded  July  30th,   1864, 

Petersburg,  Va. 
RICHARD  TAGGARD,   Priv.  Co.  C,  5th  Batt.,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  B, 

13th  O.  V.  C.,  wounded  April  9th,  1865,  Appomattox  C. 

H.,  Va. 


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